Pruning plum trees reasonably is beneficial to their better growth. What problems and skills should be paid attention to when pruning plum trees? Then let's take a look at the pruning methods I carefully recommend for everyone, hoping to help you.

Plum Tree 1 Pruning Method Pruning Function and Time

Pruning can adjust the relationship between fruit tree growth and fruiting, maintain vigorous growth and fruiting ability, and maintain stable yield. Pruning of plum trees can be divided into summer pruning and winter pruning. Summer pruning is carried out in the growing season, so it is also called growing season pruning. Generally, it can be carried out for 3~5 times: after the 1 th germination in spring, the buds with improper positions and weak buds are mainly wiped off to reduce invalid branches and save nutrients; The second time, after falling flowers, combining thinning flowers and setting fruits, thinning branches and controlling competitive branches; The third time, after hard core, the vigorous branches are shortened to promote the growth of secondary branches and increase the bearing area; The fourth time, in early autumn and late summer, the redundant secondary branches were cut short or thinned, and the long fruit branches were pitted, which slowed down the vegetative growth and promoted the flower bud differentiation. Careful pruning in summer can greatly reduce the workload of pruning in winter, preserve the nutrition of trees, keep the balance of tree potential, increase the number of branches and promote flowering and fruiting. Winter pruning is carried out in the dormant period, that is, supplementary pruning is carried out on the basis of summer pruning, mainly to maintain the shape and balanced growth of trees, maintain the subordinate relationship between branches at all levels, and adjust the balance between vegetative growth and reproductive growth, also known as dormant pruning.

2 pruning method

2. 1 shortcut. That is, cut off some branches of 1 year. According to the severity of cutting, it can be divided into light cutting, medium cutting, heavy cutting and extremely heavy cutting. Light and short pruning refers to pruning vigorous 1 annual branches by about 1/4, so as to alleviate the growth of branches, promote the growth of more short and medium branches and cultivate various branches; 1 annual branch 1/3 ~ 1/2. Full buds are selected from the cutting mouth to promote the growth of medium and long branches, which are often used to cultivate tree skeletons and cut main branches and side branches; Heavy and short cutting refers to cutting off weaker 1 annual branches by more than 1/2, promoting the growth of branches, making the tree from weak to strong, and pruning by regeneration of main branches, lateral branches and fruiting branches; Extremely heavy short cutting is to leave only 2~3 weak buds at the base of branches for short cutting to promote the growth of medium and short branches, which is used to cultivate small and medium-sized fruit branches. After the annual branches of Prunus mume/Kloc-0 were cut short, the growth intensity of branches was different because of the different quality of cutting buds, the position and extension direction of branches. The upright branches with full and vigorous cutting buds are easy to produce vigorous branches after short cutting, which can be used to cultivate the trunk of trees; On the contrary, it is easy to produce medium branches or weak branches, which can be used to cultivate fruiting branches. In general, short pruning is not conducive to the formation of flower buds, but for weak trees or branches, moderate short pruning can reduce the total number of branch buds, improve tree nutrition and be beneficial to flower bud differentiation. Proper pruning of long branches and middle branches can improve the fruit setting rate.

2.2 refinement. That is, thinning branches from the base. Proper thinning of branches that are too dense or improperly planted can improve ventilation and light transmission conditions, save nutrient consumption and be beneficial to flower bud differentiation. However, the number of sparse branches, especially the number of sparse perennial branches, should not be too much at a time, so as not to cause excessive growth and affect the yield of that year.

2.3 Shrinkage shear. That is, retracting the weak perennial branches is beneficial to the centralized supply of nutrients and promotes the regeneration and rejuvenation of weak trees.

2.4 Sustained release. That is, letting some 1 year-old branches grow naturally without any pruning can slow down the growth of trees and promote the differentiation of flower buds. For the slow release of upright branches, it is necessary to grind or sprain them from the base surface first, otherwise the effect is not good. Slow-release branches, after flowering and fruiting, must be cleaned in time, or cut short, or retracted, to ensure the integrity and beauty of the tree, which is conducive to fruit.

Prunus mume can enter the high-yield period after 7 years of planting. The main task of winter shears in this period is to maximize the yield per unit area and strictly control the formation of bare belts in large and small years and behind.

The principle of winter cutting is to give priority to heavy cutting, combine light and heavy, keep the balance between growth and results, and turn the plastic results into results-oriented.

In winter pruning method, the extension branches of main branches and lateral branches at all levels are shortened by 1/2, and the bouquets and short fruit branches planted on them are properly thinned to avoid weakening the tree potential; When the main branches are drooping and connected between rows, the main branches and side branches can be retracted appropriately. For the fruiting branch group, it should be changed to fruit branch bundle, which should account for more than 90%. Pay attention to the cultivation of 2-3-year-old branches and cultivate them as soon as possible. If it is too late, the branches will be bare and difficult to cultivate. Regeneration and rejuvenation of weak branches is the key to overcome aging and baldness. The main techniques are "one cutting, two releasing and three shrinking" and the methods of removing weakness and retaining strength, removing edges and retaining middle, and removing lower branches and retaining upper branches, that is, the elongation of main and lateral branches at all levels is shortened 1/3, and the second and third branches are truncated1/2; Pay attention to thinning and early cultivation of long branches, dense branches, overlapping branches and cross branches; Take back the branches that blossomed and bore fruit last year; Appropriate "cutting before putting" and "cutting before putting" were carried out on the developing branches and few-flowered branches to cultivate medium-sized fruiting branches.

How to prune plum tree ① plastic surgery? Trees can be naturally happy, naturally formed with many main branches or Y-shapes. The height of young trees is 30-50 cm. After germination, 5-6 buds are left as main branches, and when the main branches are 50-60cm long, 40cm is left for topping. Leave 2-3 permanent main branches in August, and pull out the extra 2-3 main branches to make them droop, so as to blossom and bear fruit in the next year. In the later stage, large and medium-sized fruiting branches are cultivated according to the situation.

2 pruning. 1. When the new shoots grow to 40-50 cm in that year, top them and core them 3-4 times a year. When the growth of the main branches is uneven, the strong branches will be pumped early and the weak branches will be pumped late. Picking the top of the fruit platform in the peak period can increase the rate of fruit acne and promote fruit growth. 15- 20 days before the new shoots stop growing in autumn, the top shoots can enrich the branches and promote the flower buds to be full. Pruning in growing season. Back branches and competitive branches should be removed in time. If you want to cultivate a fruiting branch group, from early May to mid-June, keep the short branches with the length of 5- 15cm for two consecutive times, remove the medium and long branches germinated after autumn fertilization, and leave short fruit branches and foliage branches to cultivate a fruiting branch group. Weak branches, parallel branches, diseased branches, etc. Thinning should be started from the base in time during the growth period. 3 dormant pruning. The young brown plum tree thrives and stands upright. Pruning should be based on the principle of "light pruning and long planting, widening the angle". The main branches and extension branches should be slightly shorter, and the auxiliary branches should be kept as much as possible, and the branches that are too dense should be thinned out. In order to weaken the tree potential and increase the angle of the main branch by pulling branches, it is generally required that the main branch should reach 45-50 degrees and the auxiliary branch should reach 60-80 degrees. In a word, young trees should pick branches several times in succession to promote the formation of short fruit branches and bouquets, increase the number of branches and form an open crown as soon as possible. Adult trees should control the flourishing length of the upper crown, sparse more flourishing branches, and intercept weak branches to grow first.

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