These "small metal blocks" you see are the counterweight blocks to keep the hub dynamically balanced. Their materials are usually lead or zinc with high density and good plasticity.
Secondly, why are there these weights and what do they do?
Careful car owners will also find that some of these small lead blocks will stick to the inside of the wheel hub, and some will get stuck on the outside of the wheel hub. Moreover, compared with all kinds of beautiful wheels, these small lead blocks often have different sizes and irregular installation positions. The older the car, the more counterweight there is on the hub. Therefore, sometimes we see such a dense counterweight that it is hard to imagine that it comes from an automobile engineer who is famous for his rigor.
The reason why there are these heavy objects on the wheel hub is that when the car is driving at a high speed, the tires will make a high-speed circular motion, which needs to be balanced during the driving process to ensure the safe driving of the car and the balance of the carriage, that is, to maintain this balance.
This is not the tire itself, but the brake wear powder. Tires are made of natural rubber, synthetic rubber and steel wire. Steel wire is corrosion-resistant and rust-proof, and will not produce corrosive substances. There are many kinds of brake pads. Asbestos was first used in brake pads, but it has been eliminated because of its carcinogenicity. Besides asbestos, there are also semi-metallic friction materials and powder metallurgy friction materials. Semi-metallic friction material, used for disc brake pads of automobiles and heavy vehicles. The material formula usually contains about ferrous metals, such as steel fiber reduced iron powder and porous iron powder.