Pruning within a period of time from when a fruit tree loses its leaves to before it buds the next year is called winter pruning. For most tree species, winter pruning is usually carried out between January and February. The purpose of winter pruning is mainly to thin out and shorten some unnecessary branches, such as diseased branches, dead branches, dense branches and unusable leggy branches, etc., so as to develop a certain shape of the crown and make the backbone branches at all levels of the crown Maintain balanced growth, cultivate tissues, and promote the formation of fruiting branches to adjust the relationship between growth and fruiting.

Fruit tree pruning should follow: pruning the tree, follow the shape of the branches; overall consideration, long-term planning; balance the tree situation, with clear subordinates; focus on light, combine light and heavy, and control flexibly; restrain the strong and support the weak, Correct promotion and control; reasonable use of light, the branch group will be strong.

It is necessary to shape the tree into a certain tree shape according to the original design plan, but do not shape the tree for the sake of shaping, blindly emphasize the tree shape, and force the tree shape at the expense of tree body development and early yield. At the same time, we should not "cherish the branches" (be reluctant to thin out the branches). We should take into account the early yield and remove the branches when necessary and keep them when necessary. Never make a small mistake, destroy the structure of the tree, and cause trouble for future reshaping.

When pruning according to the shape of the tree and the shape of the branches, it is necessary to "according to the conditions of the tree". Each tree has its own branch growth, and the specific situation must be treated in a specific manner. Reasonable shaping should be done according to the branch distribution of the tree. Those who should emphasize the importance of middle-level work should maintain the advantages of middle-level work; those who should "drop their heads" should "drop their heads" in a timely manner.

Balance the tree vigor with clear affiliation. The crown is a whole, and the top and bottom, size, and left and right should be balanced and reasonable. For example, if the main trunk is sparsely layered, it should be large at the bottom and small at the top. The three main branches on the first layer should be evenly arranged; the distance between the first layer and the second layer should be reasonable and not too small or too large. Clear affiliation means that all extended branches must be long, the middle trunk is the middle trunk, the main branch is the main branch, and the side branches are side branches. There must be a clear distinction between priorities.