Geographical location of Australia:

Δ Australia is a country in the southern hemisphere. With a total land area of 7.68 million square kilometers and a coastline of 36,735 kilometers, it is the largest island in the world. It is also the smallest land in the world. It is about 3700 kilometers long from north to south and 4000 kilometers wide from east to west. In addition, Australia is also the flattest continent in the world, with an average elevation of less than 300 meters. The ground above 600 meters above sea level only accounts for about 50%.

Δ Australia is the sixth largest country in the world, next to Russia, Canada, China, the United States and Brazil, but its population is about190,000. Because of the government's policies, a beautiful environment can be maintained for a long time, and the climate is also very suitable for living. Politically, Australia belongs to the British federal system and still belongs to the British colony.

Δ Culturally, Australia can be said to be the country with the most metacultures in the world. According to statistics, about 23% of the residents come from other countries; More than a quarter of the population have at least one parent born in another country. More than 140 people from other countries choose to become Australian citizens.

Δ Australia's cultural nest has become a national feature. This diversity is nourished and integrated by indigenous culture, early European immigrants and the tide of immigrants from all over the world. It is the source of competitive advantage, rich culture and social stability. This is also one of Australia's most important advantages in facing the challenges of rapid changes in the world.

Although Australia has no land to connect with other countries, its unique geographical position does not isolate it from the outside world. Especially in recent years, Australia's economic development is very vigorous, and the local materials are very rich.

Australia's country

The Australian flag is the only flag flying over Australia. The British flag in the upper corner of the flag shows its historical origin with Britain. The seven-pointed star represents six Australian states and special zones, and several small stars form the Southern Cross, which is a famous night sky scene in the southern hemisphere.

Six continents and territories of Australia

Δ Australia consists of six states and two autonomous regions of New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia and Tasmania, as well as the Northern Territory where the Australian Capital Special Zone (including Jarvis Bay Area) and the Australian capital Canberra are located.

In addition, Australia also manages seven outer islands, including norfolk island, uninhabited Coral Island, Cox Island, Christmas Island, uninhabited Asmore Island and Cartier Island, Hede Island and MacDonald Island near the Antarctic Circle, and the Australian Antarctic.

Δ Australian government adopts federalism; It is divided into federal government, state government and regional government. Australia's federal government is led by the Prime Minister; The state government is led by the governor.

δ 1778, immigrants from Europe first settled in Sydney, the capital of New South Wales; Today's Sydney has become Australia's greatest achievement, also at the 2000 Olympic Games.

Host city. The Sydney Bridge and the Sydney Opera House in Sydney are world-famous tourist areas. The international airport here is also an important hub for international exchanges.

Δ Victoria is the smallest state in Australia, but it ranks second in total population and the most densely populated state. Melbourne, the capital of Australia, is the second largest city and hosted the1956th Olympic Games. Australian natives have always been very keen on sports, and the Melbourne Cup held every year 1 1 month is very popular in Australia.

Δ Queensland extends from the tropical rain forest area of Cape York to the temperate zone, and the northeast coastline is dotted with colorful Great Barrier Reef.

The capital is Brisben. There are three international airports in Brisben, Cairns and townsville, serving tourists from all over the world.

Δ South Australia was established by an unofficial colonial committee. The Adelaide Art Festival held every two years in the capital is an international cultural feast.

Δ Western Australia is almost as big as Western Europe, but three quarters of the population of 6.5438+0.85 million live in Perth, the capital. Tasmania, which is composed of many islands, is the smallest state in Australia, separated from the Australian mainland by the bass strait. Hobart, the capital of Tasmania, is also the terminal of the annual Hobart regatta in Sydney, which is a representative rowing competition in Australia.

The Northern Territory is bigger than two French countries, but its population is less than 200,000. The capital is Darwin, and Alice Springs is an important inland city. Lu Lu National Park and kakadu national park are located in the Northern Territory.

Δ Australian Capital Special Zone (ACT) 19 1 1 was established in New South Wales, and Canberra was designated as the capital of Australia. National institutions such as the Federal Parliament, the National Library, the National Theatre, the High Court and the War Memorial are all located in the capital.

Population distribution in Australia

As of 2003, the population of Australia is estimated to be19 million, which is twice that of 1945. After the end of World War II, the average annual growth rate of Australia's population was 2%, of which immigrants accounted for 40% and the remaining 60% were born locally. The situation of population growth is different every year, especially in the early 1970s, the natural birth rate and the increase of immigrants dropped sharply, which affected the growth of the whole population. The Australian way of life reflects the western cultural origins of Australians. The lifestyle of Australians is similar to that of Western Europe and North America, but there is little difference.

geography

Australia is located in the southern hemisphere, which consists of the Australian mainland (the only continent in Oceania) and Tasmania. It occupies most of Oceania, bordering the Coral Sea and tasman sea in the Pacific Ocean in the east, and facing the Indian Ocean and its marginal waters in the north, west and south. It faces Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia and New Zealand across the sea.

Although the mainland is surrounded by water, deserts and semi-deserts account for 70% of the country's area. The whole country is divided into three areas: the eastern mountainous area, the central plain and the western plateau. There is the Great Barrier Reef, the largest coral reef in the world, on the northeast coast.

Located between the South Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean, it consists of islands such as the Australian mainland and Tasmania. Australia is surrounded by the sea, bordering New Zealand with tasman sea in the southeast, and facing East Timor, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea with Timor Sea and Torres Strait in the north. It covers an area of 7.692 million square kilometers. It accounts for the vast majority of Oceania. The coastline is 36,735 kilometers long. Although surrounded by water, deserts and semi-deserts account for 70% of the country's area. The whole country is divided into three areas: the eastern mountainous area, the central plain and the western plateau. The highest mountain in China, Kosciusko, is 2230 meters high, and the longest river, Melbourne River, is 3490 miles long. Lake Eyre in the middle is the lowest point in Australia, with an elevation of12m. On the east coast, there is the Great Barrier Reef, the largest coral reef in the world. The north is tropical, and most of it belongs to temperate zone. The annual average temperature in the north is 27℃, and that in the south is 65438 04℃. The inland areas are dry and lack of rain, with annual precipitation less than 200mm, and the eastern mountainous areas are 500- 1200mm.

Drinking water in Australia mainly depends on natural precipitation and other ways. The government strictly prohibits the use of groundwater resources, because it believes that once it is exploited, it is difficult to repair it. Australia's water supply mainly depends on dam storage. At present, major cities in Australia are generally short of water. Therefore, many cities have promulgated many laws and regulations on water restriction. Australia is also one of the driest continents in the world.