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What is the medicinal value of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv? There are many stout Eucommia trees in my home. How to deal with them ...
Eucommia bark

Open classification: biology, plants, nature, traditional Chinese medicine, Eucommiaceae

bark of eucommia

Drug name

Eucommia bark

spell

Du Zhong

Eucommia bark extract

Chlorogenic acid chemical abstracts service number: 327-97-9

Description: white fine powder

Supply status: 80- 100 kg/month

Note: The raw materials of drugs, health products and cosmetics can be used as raw materials for artificial injections and injections.

98% chlorogenic acid manufacturer: Aite natural products.

Physical and chemical properties of chlorogenic acid

Chlorogenic acid hemihydrate is a white or yellowish needle-like crystal, which becomes anhydrous at 1 10℃ and reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to generate caffeic acid, with melting point of 208℃ and specific rotation [α] d = 352 (c = 28). The solubility of chlorogenic acid in water is about 4% at 25℃. Soluble in polar solvents such as ethanol, acetone and methanol, slightly soluble in ethyl acetate, but insoluble in lipophilic organic solvents such as chloroform, ether and benzene. Chlorogenic acid is an ester formed by caffeic acid and quinic acid, and its molecular structure has three unstable parts: ester bond, unsaturated double bond and polyphenol. In the process of extraction from plants, isomerization often occurs through hydrolysis and molecular lactone group migration. Chlorogenic acid can be extracted from plants with polar solvents such as ethanol, acetone and methanol because of its special structure. However, chlorogenic acid cannot be extracted under high temperature, strong light and long-term heating because of its instability. Chlorogenic acid test solution is most stable when stored in brown bottle and refrigerator (2℃).

Chlorogenic acid is condensed from quinic acid and caffeic acid. Theoretically, there are 10 isomers of chlorogenic acid composed of monoccaffeoyl quinic acid and dicaffeoyl quinic acid, namely 1- caffeoyl quinic acid, 3- caffeoyl quinic acid, 4- caffeoyl quinic acid and caffeoyl quinic acid. 3- dicaffeoyl quinic acid, 1, 5- dicaffeoyl quinic acid, 1, 6- dicaffeoyl quinic acid, 3,4-dicaffeoyl quinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoyl quinic acid and 4,5-dicaffeoyl quinic acid. But so far, chlorogenic acid isomers found in plants are chlorogenic acid (3- caffeoyl quinic acid), cryptochlorogenic acid (Band5 10)(4- caffeoyl quinic acid), neochlorogenic acid (5- caffeoyl quinic acid), isochlorogenic acid A (4 4,5-dicaffeoyl quinic acid) and isochlorogenic acid B (3 3,5-dicaffeoyl).

English name

bark of eucommia

Laiyuan

It is the bark of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.

work efficiency

Tonify liver and kidney, strengthen bones and muscles, and prevent miscarriage.

Ruling; ruling

Treat backache, limb weakness, nocturnal emission, nocturnal emission, diarrhea in the fifth watch, fatigue, scanty urine, wet itching under the yin, restless fetal movement, abortion, fetal edema, slippery fetus and hypertension.

Sexual taste orientation

Gan weixin, Wen. 1 classic: "Xin and Ping." ② Don't record: "Sweet, warm and nontoxic." ③ Theory of medicinal properties: "It tastes bitter."

Enter the liver and kidney meridians. ① Wang: "Liver meridian divides qi." (2) Explanation of the nature of Lei Gong's processed drugs: "Entering the kidney meridian." (3) Interpretation of Materia Medica: "Entering Taiyin Lung Meridian."

dosage

Oral administration: decoction, 3 ~ 5 yuan; Soak in wine or take pills or powder.

Avoid medication

Use with caution those with yin deficiency and excessive fire. ① Notes on Materia Medica: "Evil Snake Skin Scrophularia." 2 "Materia Medica": "It is not suitable for kidney deficiency and fire. That is, it should be used with Cortex Phellodendri and Rhizoma Anemarrhenae. " ③ Ying Ben Cao: "Heat and dryness in essence and blood are forbidden."

Drug compatibility

1, used together with Achyranthes bidentata, can nourish liver and kidney, strengthen tendons and bones, and is often used to treat lumbago and leg pain and foot weakness caused by liver and kidney deficiency. 2. Combined with Radix Dipsaci, it can tonify liver and kidney, waist and knees, and strengthen chong Ren, and is often used for various diseases caused by deficiency of liver and kidney. 3. Psoralea corylifolia can warm and tonify kidney-yang, and also tonify spleen and liver, which not only converges lower energizer, but also consolidates chong. It is often used for impotence, cold pain in waist and knees, nocturnal emission and enuresis caused by insufficient kidney yang, and can also be used for symptoms such as soreness of waist and knees caused by insufficient liver and kidney, restless fetal movement and diarrhea caused by deficiency of spleen and kidney yang. 4, with acanthopanax bark, it not only strengthens bones and muscles, but also relieves wind and dampness. It is a pair of medicines that can tonify and diarrhea. It is suitable for the treatment of lumbago and leg pain, weakness of feet and knees, unfavorable joints and weakness of both lower limbs caused by liver and kidney deficiency and rheumatism.

Another name

Silk fiber (Classic), kapok, silk fiber (not recorded), Tuo (illustrated in Materia Medica), stone fiber (supplemented in Materia Medica), silk skin, neem skin (annals of traditional Chinese medicine), silk skin (annals of Hunan medicine) and silk skin (silkworm skin).

Prescription name

Eucommia ulmoides Oliv Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.

In the prescription, Eucommia ulmoides. Eucommia ulmoides Oliv Remove impurities, shred and use as raw material medicine.

Fried Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. , also known as Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Fried Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. , roasted Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. , calcined Eucommia ulmoides. Spray Eucommia ulmoides with salt water and mix well. When it is completely absorbed, stir-fry over low heat until brown. The effects of nourishing liver and kidney, strengthening tendons and bones are enhanced by introducing drugs.

Eucommia ulmoides Oliv Charcoal is clean Eucommia ulmoides. Stir-fry the silk with strong fire until it is dark brown, and the inner silk is broken and durable, then take it out, spray it with clear water to extinguish the fire, and dry it for medicine. Tending to stop bleeding.

store

Eucommia ulmoides Oliv : Also known as Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. The cortex is thick and there are more broken white silk than cotton. Good quality.

Eucommia ulmoides Oliv : produced in Daba Mountain area of Sichuan and Loushanguan District of Guizhou. The quality is the best, and it is an authentic medicinal material.

Eucommia ulmoides Oliv : produced in Shaanxi and Hubei, but distributed in Hankou. The quality is also good.

It is best to have thick skin, blocky skin, dry skin, no rough skin, many white silk sections and dark brown inner surface.

Distribution of animal and plant resources

It is distributed in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and southern provinces, and cultivated in Henan, Shaanxi and Gansu. Medicinal materials are mainly produced in Sichuan, Shaanxi, Hubei, Henan, Guizhou and Yunnan.

Collection and storage of medicinal materials

In order to protect resources, the method of local peeling is generally adopted. From Qingming to summer solstice, according to the size of medicinal materials, select plants that grow for more than 15 ~ 20 years, peel off bark, peel off rough skin and dry in the sun. Place it in a ventilated and dry place.

Latin name

bark of eucommia

job operation

1, Eucommia ulmoides. Remove rough skin, wash, thoroughly wet, cut into squares or strips, and dry in the sun. 2. Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. First, dissolve it with salt and appropriate amount of boiling water, and take Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Block or silk, stir well with salt water and suck dry, then put it in a pot, fry it with slow fire until it is slightly burnt, and take it out to dry. (Each Eucommia ulmoides. Yes 100 kg, with salt 3 kg) after Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. It's fried, gutta percha. Destroyed, the effective ingredients are easy to be fried. 3. Charcoal-making: Take Eucommia ulmoides blocks, put them in a pot and stir-fry them with high fire until they are black and broken, but they must be preserved, sprayed with salt water, taken out to prevent re-ignition and dried. Eucommia ulmoides blocks 100 kg each, or take Eucommia ulmoides blocks, mix them with salt water and suck them dry, then put them in a pot, fry them with strong fire until they are black and broken, spray sparks with water, and take them out to dry. Each piece of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. 100 kg, with 3 kg of salt. (1) Lei Gong baking theory: "Anyone who uses Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. must first peel off the rough skin and bake it with crisp honey. A pound of repair, two or two crisps, three or two honey, and two flavors. " (2) Description of Hook-Yuan Materia Medica: "Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. , the wine is fried and broken. "

Examination certificate

From Shennong's Herbal Classic. Materia Medica: "Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Jiangnan people call it bud when the leaves are tender. Flowers taste bitter and bitter, and can also be used as medicine; Wood is also beneficial. "

Identification of raw medicinal materials

Dry bark is flat, plate-shaped or coiled, with different sizes and thicknesses, generally about 3 ~ 10 mm thick and 40 ~ 100 cm long. The outer surface is grayish brown and rough, with irregular longitudinal cracks and oblique square transverse cracks, and sometimes light gray lichen spots can be seen. But most of the goods have been shaved off, so the outer surface is light brown and smooth. The inner surface is smooth and dark purple. Fragile and easy to break, the cross section is connected by silver-white silk thread, and the texture is delicate and slightly elastic. Slight gas, slightly bitter taste, chewing with colloidal residue. It is best to have a thick skin, clean and rough, yellowish brown outside, dark brown and shiny inside, and white silk when broken. Thin skin, less cross-section silk or thick skin are inferior. Microscopic identification: cross section of old bark: thick deciduous layer. There are about 5-6 layers of intermittent stone cells in phloem, each layer is about 3 rows thick, and the stone cell wall is extremely thick; 2-3 rows of cells with ray width; Irregular rubbery lumps are scattered, especially near the stone cell layer. In longitudinal section, there are rubber-like cysts in rubber cells. Powder: dark gray brown. ① The stone cells are rectangular, square, round, polygonal or irregular, with a diameter of 32-80μ m, a length of 180μm and a wall thickness of 6-28μ m. Most of them are uneven in thickness, with obvious pores and grooves, and some cells contain rubbery lumps. (2) The glue line is long and thin, slightly bent or twisted into a ball, and the surface is granular. ③ The surface of cork cells is polygonal, with uneven wall thickening, lignification and small pits, and the cells often contain orange-red substances; The section is slightly rectangular, with one thin wall and one thick wall, and there are obvious holes and grooves. In addition, sieve tube molecules and starch granules can be seen.

Chemical constituents of traditional Chinese medicine

Bark contains 6 ~ 10% Eucommia ulmoides gum, and root bark contains about 10 ~ 12%, which is a kind of hard gum soluble in ethanol but insoluble in water. In addition, it also contains 0. 142mg% of glucoside, 0.066mg% of alkaloid, 6.5mg% of pectin, 2.9mg% of fat, 0.76mg% of resin/kloc-0, 0.25mg% of organic acid and ketose (2. 15mg% before hydrolysis). The fatty acid composition of fatty oil contained in seeds is linolenic acid 67.38%, linoleic acid 9.97%, oleic acid 15.8 1%, stearic acid 2. 15% and palmitic acid 4.68%. The gum content of fruit can reach 27%, and it is easily soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone. The bark and leaves of Eucommia ulmoides contain 14 lignans and lignin glycosides, and the sugar connected with the glycosides is glucopyranose. Among them, diphenyl tetrahydrofuran lignans and its glycosides include terpineol disaccharide, which is the effective component of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. is also divided into n-nonacosane, behenol, betulin, betulinic acid, β-sitosterol, ursolic acid and vanillic acid. Eucommia ulmoides and its leaves also contain 17 kinds of free amino acids and 15 kinds of trace elements such as germanium and selenium. There are 10 iridoid compounds in bark and leaves of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., including geniposide, aucubin, ajugan, Ulimoside and habasin acetate. Eucommia ulmoides Oliv is isomaltose-glucose-α-glucoside.

Chinese name Eucommia ulmoides Oliv (Classic)

Dermatoid

Four Immortals (Classic), Kapok, No.4 Middle School (Don't Record), Tuo (Herbal Illustration), Shixian (Herbal Supplement), Silkworm Skin, Melia azedarach (Records of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Silk Skin (Records of Hunan Medicine) and Silk Fur.

The source is the bark of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.

Plant morphology Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.

Deciduous trees, up to 20 meters high. Branchlets smooth, yellowish brown or pale, with flaky pith. Bark, branches and leaves all contain gum. Simple leaves alternate; Oval or ovoid, 7 ~ 15cm long and 3.5 ~ 6.5cm wide, tapering at the top, wide wedge-shaped at the base, serrated at the edge, with sparse hairs on the young leaves and dense hairs on the lower ones, smooth on the old leaves and sparse hairs on the lower veins; Petiole length 1 ~ 2 cm. Flowers are unisexual, dioecious, open at the same time as leaves, or open the first leaf, born in the axils of bracts at the base of annual branches, with pedicels; No perianth; The male flower has 6 ~ 10 stamens; The ovary of the female flower is bare and elongated, with 1 cell and a forked style at the top. Samara is oval, flat, concave at the top and contains 1 seed. The flowering period is from April to May. The fruiting period is September.

Born in the mountains or cultivated. It is distributed in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and southern provinces, and cultivated in Henan, Shaanxi and Gansu.

Growth habit: I like sunshine, mild and humid climate, cold tolerance, not strict with soil requirements, and can be planted in hills and plains, or scattered around.

The tender leaves (buds) of this plant can also be used as medicine. See the special article for details.

In order to protect resources, the method of local peeling is generally adopted. From Qingming to summer solstice, according to the size of medicinal materials, select plants that grow for more than 15 ~ 20 years, peel off bark, peel off rough skin and dry in the sun. Place it in a ventilated and dry place.

The dried bark of medicinal materials is flat or rolled, with different sizes and thicknesses, generally about 3 ~ 10 mm thick and 40 ~ 100 cm long. The outer surface is grayish brown and rough, with irregular longitudinal cracks and oblique square transverse cracks, and sometimes light gray lichen spots can be seen. But most of the goods have been shaved off, so the outer surface is light brown and smooth. The inner surface is smooth and dark purple. Fragile and easy to break, the cross section is connected by silver-white silk thread, and the texture is delicate and slightly elastic. Slight gas, slightly bitter taste, chewing with colloidal residue. It is best to have a thick skin, clean and rough, yellowish brown outside, dark brown and shiny inside, and white silk when broken. Thin skin, less cross-section silk or thick skin are inferior.

Location: Sichuan, Shaanxi, Hubei, Henan, Guizhou and Yunnan. In addition, it is also produced in Jiangxi, Gansu, Hunan and Guangxi.

Chemical composition Bark contains Eucommia ulmoides gum 6 ~ 10%, and root bark contains Eucommia ulmoides gum about 10 ~ 12%, which is hard gum, soluble in ethanol and insoluble in water. In addition, it also contains 0. 142mg% of glucoside, 0.066mg% of alkaloid, 6.5mg% of pectin, 2.9mg% of fat, 0.76mg% of resin/kloc-0, 0.25mg% of organic acid and ketose (2. 15mg% before hydrolysis).

The fatty acid composition of fatty oil contained in seeds is linolenic acid 67.38%, linoleic acid 9.97%, oleic acid 15.8 1%, stearic acid 2. 15% and palmitic acid 4.68%. The gum content of fruit can reach 27%, and it is easily soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone.

Pharmacological action ① hypotensive effect

Bark extract and decoction have lasting antihypertensive effects on animals. Intravenous injection of 5ml of its extract (crude drug1~ 2g) into anesthetized dogs has obvious hypotensive effect, lasting for 2 ~ 3 hours, showing the phenomenon of "rapid tolerance". Three dogs with renal hypertension were given 5-8g/kg decoction every day for 4 weeks, and the systolic blood pressure was only 8-22mm Hg (4- 10%) at most, and the curative effect was not satisfactory. Processing and formulation of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. It has a certain influence on the antihypertensive effect. Decoction is more effective than tincture and fried Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Compared with raw Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., it has stronger antihypertensive effect. Eucommia ulmoides has antihypertensive effect on cats, but the duration is short, and the phenomenon of "rapid tolerance" is not significant. The hypotensive effect of cholesterol arteriosclerosis rabbits is more significant than that of normal rabbits, but it can also produce "rapid tolerance". As for the principle of blood pressure reduction, it is of a preliminary nature because the effective components have not yet been determined. It has been proved that acute hypotension has nothing to do with vagus nerve and is not affected by atropine. In vitro rabbit heart and Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. I was very excited at first, and then I was a little stiff. It has also been reported that its inhibitory effect on the heart is related to its pH value (pH value is between 4 and 5), and it has an exciting effect on isolated hearts of rats and rabbits after adjustment. Eucommia ulmoides Oliv It can directly dilate the ear blood vessels of normal rabbits, but it can contract the ear blood vessels of experimental cholesterol arteriosclerosis rabbits at the same concentration. At low concentration, it can dilate the coronary and renal vessels of normal rabbits, but at high concentration, it is the opposite. At low concentration, it can also contract the coronary vessels of atherosclerotic rabbits. Because its blood pressure is not directly related to the heart and blood vessels, the inference is central.

② diuretic action

All kinds of Eucommia ulmoides preparations have diuretic effect on anesthetized dogs, and there is no "rapid tolerance" phenomenon. It also has diuretic effect on normal rats and mice. Eucommia ulmoides contains 0.4% potassium, suggesting that diuresis may be related to potassium.

③ Other functions

Clinical application of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Decoction can reduce blood pressure of patients with hypertension and improve symptoms such as dizziness and insomnia. Large dose (20-25g/kg/ day) of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Decocting can make dogs quiet and sleepy, and it is not easy to accept external stimuli. High dose Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. It can also inhibit the central nervous system of mice. Eucommia ulmoides Oliv It can inhibit the excitability of posterior pituitary on isolated uterus of rats and rabbits and relax the uterus, but it has excitability on isolated uterus of cats. It has been reported that Eucommia ulmoides decoction has a certain inhibitory effect on Mycobacterium tuberculosis in test tubes. Alcohol infusion seems to reduce the absorption of cholesterol in the intestine of rats.

Processing Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Remove rough skin, wash, thoroughly wet, cut into squares or shreds, and dry in the sun. Eucommia ulmoides Oliv Use salt and appropriate amount of boiling water: dissolve Eucommia ulmoides first. Soak in salt water and take pieces or strips of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Make them fully mixed and absorbed, then put them in a pot, stir-fry them with slow fire until they are slightly burnt, and take them out to dry. (Each Eucommia ulmoides. Yes 100 kg, with salt 3 kg) after Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. It's fried, gutta percha. Destroyed, the effective ingredients are easy to be fried.

(1) Lei Gong baking theory: "If you use Eucommia ulmoides, you must first peel off the rough skin. Baked with crispy and honey. " A kilo of repair, two ounces of crisp, three ounces of honey, two flavors used together. "

(2) Description of Hook-Yuan Materia Medica: "Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. , the wine is fried and broken. "

Sweet and mild in taste and warm in nature.

1 classic: "Xin and Ping."

② Don't record: "Sweet, warm and nontoxic."

③ Theory of medicinal properties: "It tastes bitter."

Meridian tropism enters liver and kidney meridians.

① Wang: "Liver meridian divides qi."

② Description of the Properties of Leigong's Processed Drugs: "Entering the Kidney Meridian."

③ Materia Medica Interpretation: "Entering Taiyin Lung Meridian."

Functions are mainly used for nourishing liver and kidney, strengthening bones and muscles, and preventing miscarriage. It can be used for treating backache, soreness of feet and knees, dysuria, damp itching, abortion, fetal movement disorder and hypertension.

(1) Classic: "Treat low back pain, tonify middle energizer, invigorate qi, strengthen bones and muscles, be ambitious, remove itching and dampness under yin, and facilitate urination."

(2) Don't record: "My feet are sore and I don't want to practice."

(3) The theory of medicinal properties: "Treating lumbago due to kidney deficiency, soreness of waist and knees, strong body and wind. Use it if your waist is not good. "

4 "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "Treating kidney deficiency and fatigue, waist and leg contracture. Take medicine and bake. "

⑤ Wang: "Moisten liver dryness, tonify liver meridian wind deficiency."

⑥ "Materia Medica": "Stop small water and wet dream, warm the uterus and prevent fetal gas."

⑦ "Corn Medicine Solution": "Benefiting liver and kidney, nourishing bones and muscles, and removing joint dampness. Treat waist and knee pain and contracture of legs and feet. "

8 rejuvenation materia medica: "strengthening tendons and strengthening yang."

Oral administration and dosage: decocted, 3 ~ 5 yuan; Soak in wine or take pills or powder.

Yin deficiency and excessive fire should be avoided.

① Notes on Materia Medica: "Evil Snake Skin Scrophularia."

(2) The Classic of Materia Medica: "It is not suitable for people with kidney deficiency and fire." That is, it should be used with Cortex Phellodendri and Rhizoma Anemarrhenae. "

3 "deserved materia medica": "internal heat. Both essence and blood dryness are forbidden. "

Low back pain 1 prescription: Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Kilogram, half a liter of Schisandra chinensis. Cut two things, divide them into fourteen doses, take one dose every night, soak them in one liter of water until they are five watches, fry them for three minutes, reduce them by one, filter the juice, cut three or four sheep kidneys, and cook them three or five times. If you make soups, take them orally. You can also get it with salt and vinegar. ("China")

② Treatment of lumbago: Radix Aucklandiae, Fructus Anisi Stellati, San Qian, Cortex Eucommiae (parched) and San Qian. Water for one minute, wine for half a minute, frying, and then frying the residue. ("Living Heart" Sixian San)

③ Treatment of low back pain: Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. (Remove rough skin, fry slightly yellow and file), Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae. Chuanxiong. Cinnamon and asarum. The medicine is pounded into powder, which costs four yuan each time. Take a glass of water, fry it to five points, take me out, add two points of wine, fry it for three or two times, and take it warm before eating. (Eucommia ulmoides powder is in the square)

(4) Treating acute stroke, muscle spasm and soreness of waist and knees: Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. (peeling, baking and filing), Ligusticum chuanxiong. (blasting peeling). Umbilical) half two; Serve three flavors, file them like beans, take five Bi Yuan and two glasses of water at a time, add ginger as big as jujube, mash them, fry them to a cup, and take them in a hollow warm suit. If you walk five miles before you go, you will be sweating like a pig. (Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. is found in the General Record of Shengji).

⑤ Treating urinary retention and wet itching under yin: Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Fennel. (all fried with salt and wine), plantain. And Cornus officinalis (all fried). * * * is the last one; Honey pill, buttonwood is big. Take five yuan every morning with white soup. ("Materia Medica")

⑥ Treating women's fetal movement: Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. No, so it's thick and thin file, baked on tile, pounded into powder, and boiled with jujube balls, such as marbles. Take one pill at a time, chew it up and put it in glutinous rice soup. (Eucommia ulmoides Pills are from the General Record of Shengji).

⑦ Frequent abortion or abortion in March and April: two months ago, Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Is used (glutinous rice is fried, soaked and shredded), and is broken in twos (soaked in wine and baked; For the end), take the yam 562 as the end and make a paste pill, which is big. Take 50 capsules each time and drink hollow rice. ("purely unilateral")

Treatment of hypertension: Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. And Prunella vulgaris, 5 yuan, Achyranthes bidentata, San Qian, Oenanthe javanica and fish loach. Boil water clothes three times a day. (Guizhou Herbal Medicine) Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Prunella vulgaris are five yuan each. Decoct with water. (Shaanxi Chinese herbal medicine)

Clinical application ① Treatment of hypertension

Take 10% Eucommia tincture 30 drops each time, three times a day. * * * 1 19 cases were treated. After 1 ~ 23 months of observation, 5 1 case (42.8%) had satisfactory curative effect, with an average of 9. 1 month. 15 cases had slight progress (12.6%); 53 cases (44.6%) were ineffective. No adverse reactions were found. In addition, 124 cases were treated with 5% Eucommia tincture, 5 ml each time, 3 times a day, which had a good effect on early hypertension, and 4 cases' blood pressure dropped to normal within 1.5 months. For severe hypertension, it cannot be prevented from developing. Some people think Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. It can significantly improve the symptoms of self-consciousness than other drugs. Eucommia ulmoides, reserpine and the combination of reserpine and hydralazine were used to compare the curative effects. Results Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. had the worst antihypertensive effect, with an effective rate of 50%, while the other two groups were 90% and 95% respectively. However, Eucommia ulmoides. The curative effect is the best in relieving symptoms, accounting for 82.5%, and the other two groups are 65.65438 0%: 665438 0.3% respectively. Experimental observation shows that fried Eucommia ulmoides has the effect of lowering blood pressure. Bigger than raw Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. The hypotensive effect of alcohol extract is less than that of water decoction.

② Treatment of sequelae of poliomyelitis.

Eucommia ulmoides 1.5, trotters1; Add appropriate amount of water, decoct with slow fire for 4 hours, and decoct twice a day; The next day, pig's feet 1 was added to the residue, and then decocted, every other day 1 dose,1dose. 1 child with a history of two years was treated, but Chinese medicine, western medicine and new medical methods were ineffective. After using the upper body, muscle massage and functional training are carried out at the same time. 1 week later, muscle strength began to improve, and you can walk 30 meters independently. After 2 weeks, he can walk 200 meters independently, with stable gait and obviously improved muscle strength. In the third week, he was able to walk 600 meters independently with a steady and powerful gait.

Genetic transformation technology of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Inefficient forest

In recent years, Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. forests have been built on a large scale in various places. However, due to heavy planting, light management, neglect of quality and extensive management, some low-yield and inefficient forests have been formed, which has seriously affected the production and development of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. In order to improve the management efficiency and the economic value of products, the transformation technologies of inefficient forests summarized in practice are introduced as follows.

First, the dominant factors of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.

1. Improper site conditions. Eucommia ulmoides is a deep-rooted tree species, and its growth and development need deep soil layer and loose and fertile soil. However, in production, the emphasis on scale and concentration leads to the stagnation of chaff.

2. The quality of seedlings is poor. Seedling propagation has been used for a long time in production, and the variety and quality of seedlings are uneven, with obvious differences among plants. After planting, the growth potential is unbalanced and the forest phase is irregular, which affects the yield per unit area and product quality.

3. Extensive management. Before planting, the soil failed to dig deep as required, and after planting, the holes were not enlarged in time, which led to the poor growth of tree roots. Even in many places, the forest was overgrown with weeds and the light was poor, which led to the poor growth and development of young Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. In addition, Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. In most places, the necessary pruning is not carried out after planting, and it is allowed to grow naturally, resulting in low and bent trunks, small and pale leaves, small growth of new shoots and weak growth potential.

4. Improper planting density. In some places, regardless of the objective reality, dense planting is blindly advocated, and thinning and thinning are not carried out in time when canopy is closed, resulting in poor ventilation and light transmission in the forest and serious pests and diseases.

5. Poor pest control. In particular, the skin rot caused by mechanical and operational damage after peeling can not be prevented in time or do not know how to prevent it, resulting in the death of the whole plant and forest or premature decline of the tree.

Second, the transformation technology of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.

Although most inefficient forests are caused by a single factor or a few factors, their transformation must adopt comprehensive supporting technologies, starting with strengthening the management of soil, fertilizer and water and renewing trees.

1. Dig deep into the soil and increase fertilizer and water. Measures such as digging deep into soil, improving soil structure, applying more organic fertilizer and improving soil fertility are taken for inefficient forest land with thin soil layer, poor soil quality or clay. Young trees should be deeply cultivated in the whole garden or by expanding holes. For adult trees, in order to avoid causing too much damage to the root system, we should adopt the method of interlacing or spacing trees for deep tillage. For a few roots injured during deep ploughing, the broken roots should be flattened to facilitate healing and promote new roots. It is best to carry out deep ploughing in autumn and winter, when the aboveground part grows slowly and nutrients begin to accumulate, and the underground part is at the peak of root growth, so the injured root system is easy to heal. Weeding, mowing, and irrigation should be paid attention to for the forest land that is not deeply ploughed, 2 ~ 3 times a year, so as to create a good ecological environment for forest growth.

While deeply ploughing and improving the soil, the effect of applying organic fertilizer is more obvious, which not only improves the soil organic matter content and soil physical and chemical properties, but also meets the demand of Eucommia ulmoides growth and development for fertilizer and water. Young roots are few, so it is advisable to apply fertilizer in ring ditch or strip ditch; Close-planted gardens or mature trees should be fertilized by the whole garden and radial furrow to improve the fertilization effect.

2. Sparse planting and sparse use. Reasonable density should be determined according to site conditions, commercial use, business model and business level. It is generally believed that the planting density in mountainous and hilly areas with fertile soil and flat terrain is thinner, and vice versa. For example, by cultivating tall and stout trunks, medicinal bark, rubber seeds and wood with good quality can be harvested, and the density should be thin, with the spacing between plants of 3m× 4m and 4m×4m;; Cultivate small-diameter timber, thinning or clear cutting in a short time, with plant spacing 1.5m× 2m, 2m× 2m and 2m×3m;; If a large number of leaves and barks are obtained, shrubs will be cultivated into clumps with row spacing of 1.5m× 1.5m and 1.5m× 2m. For the stand with high initial planting density, thinning or thinning transplantation should be carried out when the first management cycle is reached to adjust the overall structure of the stand. Thinning time is in the autumn of the current year or April-May of the following year, and thinning transplanting time is in the dormant period of trees.

3. Flat stubble renewal, bending and dry crown replacement. For plants with low, bent, seriously damaged or declining trunks, in the early and middle of May each year, cut off the plants from the roots of young trees 5 cm from the ground with a saw or sharp scissors. When the roots grow new buds with the length of 15 ~ 20 cm, select a robust new bud to cultivate new plants, and remove all the others. This method of rejuvenation and transformation is called "flat stubble renewal" or "flat stubble renewal". If the trunk at the lower part of the young tree is thick and straight, and the upper part is bent or the crown is skewed, a straight sprout in the forest section can be selected to extend the trunk and cultivate a new crown. This transformation method is called "removing bent stems and changing crowns".

4. Plastic decoration. For low-yield forests with excessive density and serious canopy closure, when the crown of the plants retained after transplantation or thinning is underdeveloped, all the lateral branches can be cut off and the top can be cut off. The interception height is generally 4 ~ 5 meters, so that they can sprout new branches and choose robust branches to cultivate new plants. For those that are allowed to grow, the branches and leaves are too dense, and the ventilation and light transmission are poor, it is necessary to properly remove competitive branches, overgrowth branches, overlapping branches, disease and insect branches and too dense branches to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of trees. However, the thinning amount should not be too large each time, and it should not exceed 20% of the total growth, otherwise it will weaken the tree potential. On the basis of strengthening the management of soil, fertilizer and water, improved varieties can be changed and the economic benefits of Eucommia ulmoides can be improved.

5. Strengthen pest control to prevent the development of pests and diseases. It is mainly caused by seedling blight, leaf blight of adult plants, the leopard-striped moth that eats the xylem of trunk, leaf-eating insects and so on. At the same time, it is necessary to protect the tree body to prevent peeling and rotten skin, pay attention to avoid mechanical damage, and prevent peeling from being artificially polluted by rain; When skin rot occurs, spray 500 times carbendazim or carbendazim on the diseased spot; After removing the wrapping paper, spraying P75 1 bacterial liquid produced by Guizhou Forestry Department on the peeled surface in time can not only effectively prevent the skin from rotting, but also promote the regeneration of new skin. (From: China Forestry Network)

Deputy Secretary General of Anhui Watercolor Association

1956 was born in Hefei, Anhui, China. He is now a member of China Artists Association, China Oil Painters Association, China Watercolor Painters Association and Deputy Secretary General of Anhui Watercolor Association.

1979 graduated from China Anhui Art School 1998 graduated from China Anhui Education College 1990- 1992 transferred to China Academy of Art Oil Painting Department for further study.

An exhibition/award

1986 term and cradle-the first watercolor gouache exhibition in China

1989 "Uneven Sun"-Bronze Award of the 7th National Art Exhibition

Green Jujube —— The 7th National Art Exhibition in China

Good Sun —— China Watercolor Exhibition Excellence Award, Hangzhou.

1990 "Long Sound"-Excellence Award of the First Oil Painting Competition in China

Sunshine and Rain —— China Watercolor Painting Exhibition, Hangzhou.

199 1 "Time flies like water"-Watercolor Painting Exhibition in China, Hangzhou

1993 "The Story of Doorbell" and "Hot"-Excellence Award of Boya National Oil Painting Competition

Riverside Water Heating —— China Watercolor Painting Exhibition, Hangzhou.

One Side of Soil and Water —— The First China Oil Painting Biennale

Silent Berthing —— The First China Landscape Oil Painting Exhibition

1994 The highest art award of the first Xu Beihong Education Foundation in Anhui Province

Yang Ningning-The Second China Oil Painting Exhibition-Eucommia ulmoides Oil Painting Exhibition in Hong Kong Thirteen Art Gallery

1995 between reason and the story of doorbell, etc. -The 10th New Artists Exhibition of China Artists Association.

1997 "Hunting in prayer flags"-Bronze Award of Anhui Oil Painting Exhibition

1998 "holiness and amorous feelings"-bronze award of the 8th National Stars Award of China Ministry of Culture.

Dark clouds and white clouds-Excellence Award of Anhui Youth Art Exhibition

1999 Light of the Holy Spirit-Silver Award of China Contemporary Youth Painting Exhibition

The argali and the Moon —— Third Prize of Anhui Art Exhibition on the 50th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China.

question

Selected Oil Paintings of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., Selected Works of the Seventh National Art Exhibition, Selected Contemporary Watercolor Gouache Paintings of China, Selected Modern Watercolor Paintings of China, Oil Paintings of China, Fine Arts, Jiangsu Pictorial, etc.