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Battery maintenance method:
I. Spa
1. For a vulcanized battery, the battery can be discharged first, the original electrolyte is poured out, and a dilute electrolyte with a density below 1. 10g/cm3 is injected, that is, water is added to dilute the electrolyte in the battery to improve the solubility of lead sulfate. When the current rate is less than 20h, the battery is charged at the liquid temperature of 20℃ ~ 40℃ for a long time, and finally the electrolyte density in the battery is adjusted to the standard solution concentration with a slightly higher electrolyte under the condition of sufficient electricity, so that the general vulcanization phenomenon can be alleviated and the capacity can be considered as successful.
2. The mechanism of this method is to improve the solubility product of sulfate by reducing the density of acid solution, to reduce ohmic polarization by charging with small current for a long time, to delay the early appearance of water decomposition voltage, and to gradually reduce or eliminate the sulfide phenomenon when it is dissolved and converted into active substances.
3. The characteristics of this method are suitable for water-added batteries, which can be treated repeatedly for severe vulcanization and can be repaired by itself without putting in equipment. The disadvantage is that the process is too complicated and it is not practical for sealing batteries.
2. Shallow cycle charging method
1. For the vulcanized battery, it is advisable to charge the battery to a slightly overcharged state with current within 5 hours, control the liquid temperature not to exceed 40 degrees, and then discharge it by 30%, which can alleviate and eliminate the vulcanization phenomenon for many times.
2. The mechanism of this method is that the gas discharged from the surface of the electrode plate is slightly washed away by sulfide salt, which is desorbed and dissolved and converted into active substances.
3. The characteristic of this method is that slight vulcanization can obviously repair it. However, it is not suitable for old batteries, because the evolved gas washes away sulfate and the active material of the positive plate strongly, making the active material soft or even fall off.
Three. Repair instrument repair
1. For the vulcanized battery, some special pulse repair instruments can be used to charge and discharge the battery for many times to eliminate the vulcanization phenomenon.
2. The mechanism of this method, from the point of view of solid physics, any insulating layer can be broken down at a sufficiently high voltage. Once the insulating layer is broken down, it will change from an insulating state to a conductive state. If an instantaneous high voltage is applied to the sulfate layer with large conductance difference and resistance, large lead sulfate crystals can be decomposed. If this high voltage is short enough and the current is limited, under the condition of breaking through the sulfide layer, the battery will not be gassed if the charging current is properly controlled.
3. The gas evolution of the battery depends on the terminal voltage and charging current of the battery. If the pulse width is short enough and the duty ratio is large enough, gas evolution will not be formed at the same time under the condition of ensuring the breakdown of crude lead sulfate crystal. If there is negative pulse depolarization, the gas evolution of the electrode sheet can be ensured when the sulfate layer is broken down, thus realizing pulse elimination vulcanization.
4. The characteristic of this method is that the pulse repair chargers in the market are uneven, and many pulse chargers and even special repair instruments have unreasonable pulse width ratio, duty ratio and negative pulse design, which can not achieve the desulfurization function.
Four. Activation agent repair of nano-carbon sol battery
1. battery activator: nano-carbon sol is a kind of nano-carbon material. Nano-carbon materials refer to carbon materials with at least one dimension of dispersed phase less than 100nm. Under the action of electric field, the active components of the activator can cure the electrode plate; Decomposition of irreversible sulfate crystals; Uniformly adsorbed on the surface of the electrode plate to form a protective film to prevent the active substances of the electrode plate from falling off and the formation of sulfide, polarization and lead dendrites of the electrode plate; Activate the active substance of the battery; Reduce the internal resistance of the battery and improve the electrochemical reaction of the battery. This repair solution only has a good repair effect on the battery, and the repaired battery can be used for more than 12 months.
References:
/www.baidu.com/link？ URL = ary 5 uxqoiqiaun 5 pdlikpjugxgmcxcbd 2 z _ sgjf 2 ewmea _ 7iq 3 TFR dzg 3 raiziorz 1 ajgjfu 203 clrgy-WUW-inilsnkakn 7 o 9 e 0 yehnkxtfynlpno 4 TT 7 bcawprl & amp； Wd = & ampeqid = 98a64e04000326d 90000025b 696ba1"target =" _ blank "> Baidu Encyclopedia _ Battery Maintenance