Moderator: Welcome Teacher Zhao to be a guest of Sohu Health. Please say hello to the netizens first.
Zhao: Hello, netizens.
Moderator: In daily life, no one will pay special attention to the health of the ears. Knead in pain, clap twice in tinnitus, take it out from time to time, even when you are angry and quarrel ... Who knows, it is these casual little moves that hurt your ears.
Zhao: That's true. Usually, people's lifestyle will affect their hearing, but no one pays attention to this problem. The damage of sound to hearing is only noise. Noise is a very harsh and unpleasant sound, such as the noise in the textile workshop. Noise damage to hearing will lead to noise deafness. In that case, everyone knows to protect their ears and wear earplugs. But people ignore an important problem, that is, non-noise can also cause harm to the ears.
Zhao: The damage of sound to hearing is mainly divided into two aspects. On the one hand, strong sound and short-term stimulation, such as blasting, such as shooting during the Spring Festival, will damage hearing, which everyone knows. Explosive deafness caused by kicking like this is divided into two aspects. First, the eardrum is not perforated, but the ear hurts and the hearing drops. This kind of deafness is serious and difficult to recover, which is called sensorineural deafness. If the eardrum is perforated after the explosion, but the energy of sound is released, then the damage to the inner ear is small. Although I think it is very serious to leave a perforation in the eardrum, the damage to the inner ear is relatively light. It should be said that it is lucky. This is the hearing loss caused by a strong sound explosion in a short time.
Zhao: There is another kind of hearing loss, that is, the sound intensity is not very strong, but it is constantly stimulated, which involves the textile environment and the damage to hearing caused by listening to MP3 and walkman.
Listening to MP3 for a long time does lead to hearing loss.
Moderator: Recently, many media reported such a thing, saying that American experts found that listening to MP3 for a long time would lead to hearing loss. Is that what you call good music that causes ear damage?
Zhao: Yes. Although this is a wonderful musical sound, if it is continuously stimulated, the ears will always be damaged in this environment for a long time, even though it is a musical sound. Many middle school students like to play walkman and MP3 loudly. Although it is music, it is actually a kind of noise, which has exceeded the threshold of more comfort that the ear can tolerate. If you exceed this threshold, your ears will be uncomfortable. Long-term stimulation will stimulate hair cells in the ear, causing sensorineural deafness.
Zhao: Some young people also go to dance halls and singing practice rooms to practice for several hours. When I come back, my ears are very uncomfortable, and sometimes I have tinnitus symptoms. If you frequent such places, your hearing will gradually decline. These are the injuries caused by sound to their ears and hearing.
Moderator: Yes, I also have experience in this respect. Discos, dance halls and karaoke bars are very loud. When I came out, I felt my ears buzzing and I couldn't hear clearly. Does this hurt your ears?
Zhao: This kind of injury is sometimes temporary. If you stay for three or four hours and feel uncomfortable after coming out, you can still recover if you can correct it quickly, ensure enough sleep, and use some drugs that nourish nerves and dilate microvessels properly. The inner ear is very fragile and the blood supply is very single. After long-term stimulation, my ears are uncomfortable. In addition to the damage of inner ear hair cells, vasospasm may also cause temporary hearing loss. At this time, take some drugs that dilate blood vessels and nourish nerves, and go to bed early at night, and you can recover. This loss is an initial and reversible change.
Moderator: So it makes sense to say that listening to MP3 for a long time will lead to hearing loss. Then we got used to listening to MP3. It's harmful to our hearing now. Can we still listen to MP3? How should we listen to MP3 to avoid injury?
Zhao: You can listen to it every day, but don't listen for too long every day. Now there is an earplug that can reveal sound. After wearing earplugs, some sounds will be exposed from the side. After wearing this special earplug, the damage to the ear is less.
Compere: It should be said that the injury of MP3 headphones to ears happened unconsciously. How can I find it?
Zhao: Netizens can measure for themselves. For example, they have been listening to MP3 more recently, listening for two hours or continuously every day. In this case, if you find that your ears are uncomfortable, or you suddenly get tinnitus after a quiet night, you should temporarily stop and have a rest.
Zhao: Besides, when you are very tired, tired and lack of sleep, you should listen to MP3 as little as possible. Many people think this is a way to relax, but this way of relaxing is not desirable. I am very tired today. It's not appropriate to listen to MP3 at night after working all day today. It should be that when you are energetic, your whole body functions well and your inner ear functions well. Now, listen. The more resistance drops, the more tired you are at work, the more sensitive you are to the stimulation of sound, and the more likely you are to get hurt. Don't relax yourself like this when you are too tired.
Moderator: Should I go to the hospital for examination and treatment as soon as possible if my ears are uncomfortable or tinnitus?
Zhao: If you only show up occasionally, make sure you get enough sleep. Don't be too tired and nervous the next day. If it gets better, tinnitus will disappear. If you don't get better in two days, you will go to the hospital. There is another situation that you should go to the hospital immediately, that is, tinnitus and hearing loss appear at the same time.
What other unhealthy ways of using ears are harmful to hearing?
Moderator: Besides, what other unhealthy ways of using ears are harmful to hearing?
Zhao: Another bad lifestyle is staying up late. There are more and more sudden deafness in festivals, especially during the Golden Week, young people often come to the hospital for treatment. The hearing loss caused by this reason is getting younger and younger, which is caused by bad lifestyle. Many people relax as soon as they have a holiday, but instead of resting at night, they go to various entertainment places, such as discos, karaoke, or playing cards all night, that is, staying up all night.
Zhao: Staying up late can easily lead to sudden deafness. The so-called sudden deafness is sudden sensorineural deafness with unknown cause. In this case, the patient's hearing suddenly drops, sometimes accompanied by tinnitus, and some patients are also accompanied by dizziness. In the case of hearing loss, you can't say rest at home. You should go to the hospital quickly. The treatment principle of this sudden deafness is that the earlier the treatment, the better the effect. Although some patients (about 1/3) can heal themselves, it is a misunderstanding that they should not be treated because they can heal themselves.
Zhao: There was once a patient who said that his ears were terrible. I asked him how long it had been, and he said it had been half a year. I asked him how it was caused. He said there was no reason, but he stayed up for two days and suddenly lost his hearing in the morning. When I went to the hospital, the doctor said it didn't matter. It was sudden deafness and there was no way to treat it. If he goes back to rest, he will be fine. In fact, what he said is only part of it. About one-third of patients can heal themselves, but more people can't. If they can heal themselves and then actively treat them, they will get better faster. If he comes back after half a year, there is nothing I can do, because he missed the best opportunity for treatment. Young people have vasospasm, or old people are prone to arteriosclerosis and embolism, excessive tension, fatigue and viral infection. Most of the sudden deafness caused by these factors can be cured by active treatment.
Compere: Besides listening to MP3 and staying up late, are there any other unhealthy lifestyles that hurt your ears?
Zhao: What I have just said is all the factors that lead to sensorineural deafness, and there is also a large category of conductive deafness. Diseases of middle ear and external ear can cause conductive deafness, so all factors that cause diseases of middle ear and external ear may cause conductive deafness.
Zhao: The most important type of conductive deafness is inflammation. Inflammation of the outer and middle ears can lead to hearing loss. There are also tumors, trauma, congenital diseases, and congenital malformation of external and internal ears, which may also cause conductive deafness, so it can also affect hearing.
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