Torticollis is mostly a congenital disease. Clinically, 7 ~ 14 days after birth, there is a hard oval mass in the middle and lower part of the involved sternocleidomastoid muscle, which can gradually increase. Two months later, the lump began to shrink and finally disappeared completely, and the muscle became inelastic fibrous cord. The head is gradually pulled and tilted to the affected side, the neck is twisted, the face is tilted, and the mandible is tilted to the healthy side. If it is not corrected, the affected side will develop slowly, resulting in the gradual deformation of the face and skull and asymmetry on both sides. This can be known by measuring the distance from the corner of the eye to the corners of the eyes. It can be seen from the back that occipital bone, cervical vertebra and upper thoracic vertebra are all scoliosis.

For patients who have not received treatment for a long time, other muscles of the affected neck can contract accordingly, and the shape and structure of the cervical spine gradually change. Even if the contracture of sternocleidomastoid muscle is corrected, it is difficult to restore the normal shape of its face.