First, wipe the bud: after the grapes germinate, we should choose the advantages and disadvantages of the buds, leave strong buds in the right position, and remove the useless buds by hand. This is called wipe the bud. Most of the buds are smeared before the new buds begin to grow and spread the leaves. Because of the heterogeneity of buds, the buds that germinate early, plump and round are often flower buds, while those that germinate late, thin and sharp are mostly leaf buds or poorly developed flower buds. Weak buds, over-dense buds and useless hidden buds sprouted on old vines should be erased. When 2 ~ 3 buds germinate on the node 1, keep the main buds and remove the secondary buds. ?

2. Bud fixing: Bud fixing should be carried out under the condition that the presence or absence of inflorescence and inflorescence growth can be clearly identified. Remove stunted, small inflorescence vines and vines. The number of branches left depends on the framework, variety, tree potential and planned yield index. In general, single hedgerow can keep 1 new shoots, double hedgerow can keep 1 new shoots, and double hedgerow can keep 10 ~ 15cm/new shoots. It is advisable to leave about 20 new shoots per square meter for scaffolding. If the discrimination rate of fruiting vines is low and the plant load is insufficient, then according to the density of the frame surface, besides all fruiting vines, a certain number of developing vines should be left. In order to ensure a certain growth in arid areas, it is sometimes necessary to remove some branches and vines. ?

3. Nucleation: Early nuclear removal can inhibit the prolonged growth of new shoots, make flowers neat, pollinate well, and improve the fruit setting rate. Late coring can improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of grape trellis, promote flower bud differentiation and fruit development, enrich branches and vines and increase yield. Picking method: bearing new buds.

Picking is generally carried out between the early flowering period and the full flowering period, that is, 6-8 leaves are left above the inflorescence, and the tender tips at the top are picked; When the main vine grows to 16 ~ 20 leaves and the prepared vine grows to 8 ~ 10 leaves, pick the core. ?

Fourth, pinch the leaves: when cutting grapes in summer, you should pick the diseased leaves that have been infected with black pox to prevent the spread of infection. At the same time, remove the old leaves that have begun to turn yellow and lose their photosynthetic function, so as to facilitate ventilation and light transmission and reduce the occurrence of diseases. ?

5. Sparse inflorescence: Sparse inflorescence can adjust the load of grape plants, improve the fruit setting rate, make the fruit grains neat and the ear compact. The method of thinning inflorescences is to thin weak and excessive inflorescences two weeks before grape flowering. Generally, strong branches can not sparse inflorescences, and weak branches and leaves can leave fewer inflorescences. After the fruit is set, you should also pinch off the hypoplastic accessory ear. ?

6. Remove secondary branches: With the growth of new shoots of grapes, summer buds between each leaf axil can germinate into secondary branches at any time. The treatment of these secondary branches is to remove all the secondary branches below the inflorescence from the base after the secondary branches germinate, and leave 1 ~ 2 leaves on the inflorescence for coring. 2 ~ 3 leaves can be left on the secondary branch near the top of the vine to pick the core to reduce the germination of winter buds. It is also necessary to cut off the development branches, hidden bud branches and over-dense weak branches of redundant fruitless ears. ?

Seven, in addition to the tendrils: If the grape tendrils are not treated and wound on the shelf surface, it will bring inconvenience to the correct binding, harvesting, winter cutting and removal of the new shoots, and the tendrils also consume a lot of nutrients. In the work of concrete summer pipe, the newly extended tendrils should be removed in time in combination with summer shear.