Jujube trees must be cultivated in thick soil, which means using large flowerpots. Because it likes temperature and humidity, it should choose the balcony side with sufficient light.
Propagation and cultivation of jujube
Grafting propagation. Rootstock is orange, lime or seeding. Grafting methods include grafting, bud grafting, butt grafting, branch grafting and cutting grafting, which are carried out in March-April in spring. Bud grafting is carried out from June to September, and potted plants are generally carried out from April to July.
Jujube pruning
Zizyphus jujuba is generally in the shape of sparse trunk, because the branches of Zizyphus jujuba are soft and the fruit is the largest, and the peripheral branches are easy to droop after bearing fruit. The trunk shape with sparse trunk is adopted, and the fixed trunk height is generally 1- 1.5 meters, which can be lower in mountainous areas. The shape of jujube orchard can be natural happy shape or natural round head shape, which is beneficial to premature delivery and high yield of jujube persimmon.
Pruning of winter jujube is mainly in winter. Generally speaking, we should keep strong and weak. Pay attention to the cultivation and renewal of fruit branches, ensure a certain proportion of fruiting branches and vegetative branches, and prevent the phenomenon of big and small years. Young trees should be thinned less and cut more, and the number of bearing branches should be increased. For branches with strong growth potential, methods such as core removal can be used to promote the formation of fruiting branches from secondary branches.
Fertilizer and water management of jujube trees
In order to improve the quality of persimmon fruit, organic fertilizer should be used as the main fertilizer for jujube persimmon, combined with chemical fertilizer, and chemical fertilizer can be used less for young trees. Generally, base fertilizer was applied in June+10 in May, flower and fruit protection fertilizer was applied in early May, and fertilization was applied in August-September to promote fruit expansion. Because young persimmon trees grow slowly, young persimmon trees can be interplanted with leguminous crops.
Why does the golden jujube drop fruit?
There are two main reasons why jujube is easy to fall in the north: (1) The indoor temperature is too high. (2) Too frequent watering, water accumulation in the basin soil and poor root respiration. At the same time, when spraying water on plants to cool down, avoid fruits, otherwise they will easily fall off.
How can jujube be maintained to make it blossom and bear more fruits?
1, light, temperature and humidity control
The air in the north is dry and the temperature is low, so it is suitable for overwintering in greenhouse, and the room temperature should be between 3-5℃. If the room temperature is too high, the plants will not be fully dormant, which will affect the flowering and fruiting in the coming year. At the same time, increasing the humidity of the air can avoid fruits and spraying around plants. The following year, Grain Rain left the room before and after and put it in a sunny place. If the light is insufficient at this time and the environment is dark, it will cause the branches and leaves to grow white and affect the flowering and fruiting.
Step 2 control watering
Although jujube likes humidity, it is forbidden to accumulate water, because the soil in the basin is too wet to rot easily. Jujube is sensitive to water demand from flowering to young fruit, and it is easy to drop flowers and fruits when watered too much during this period. If the pot soil is too dry, it is easy to make the buds fall off. Therefore, during this period, the basin soil should be kept dry and moist.
3. Rational fertilization
Jujube likes fertilizer, so in order to bear more fruits, more potassium fertilizer should be applied. Loosen the soil in time after fertilization and watering.
Question 2: When to plant jujube trees, the planting time of jujube trees is about 10 days before germination in spring (late March in southern Shandong), and the survival rate is the highest. In addition, the transplanting survival rate of jujube trees after defoliation in autumn is also high about 10 days.
Question 3: Jujube trees can be planted in late autumn at 65438+ 10. 165438+ 10 and before germination in early spring.
Question 4: The best time to plant jujube seedlings depends on your local climate and natural conditions. You can consult local experts in agriculture and forestry!
Question 5: When is the best time to plant jujube trees? It is best to plant jujube trees about half a month before germination in spring (in the middle and late March).
Question 6: When will jujube trees be planted in plastic greenhouse? Cultivation techniques of early spring beans in plastic greenhouse mainly include: variety selection, seedling raising, field management, pest control, harvesting and other important technical links. 1. Varieties with early maturity, high quality and high yield should be selected. The main varieties are: purple flower oil bean, peanut oil bean, hare bean 1. 2. Nursery seedlings are cultivated in nutrient pots in greenhouses. 1. The sowing date is generally in the middle of March in the south and in the middle of March in the north. The sowing amount per 667 square meters of transplanting field is 4-5 kilograms, and the sowing amount per square meter of seedbed is100g. When sowing, the water content of seedbed soil should be above 80%, and the soil temperature in greenhouse should be above 65438 02℃. The daytime temperature is 20-25℃, and at night 15- 16℃. When sowing, pour water into the nutrition bowl. After seepage, plant 3-4 germinated seeds on each nutrient bowl, cover it with 1.5cm soil, and then fasten the small arch shed. 2. Preparation before broadcasting Preparation before broadcasting mainly includes the following three aspects. (1) The seedbed is made and the nutrient soil is prepared in the greenhouse. The size of the seedbed should be determined according to the size of the greenhouse, and the nutrient pot should be placed in the seedbed. Preparation of nutrient soil: use 60% garden soil, 30% decomposed organic fertilizer and 65,438+00% decomposed fertilizer, then add rhizobia fertilizer and long-acting microbial compound fertilizer, and mix well. Then put the prepared nutrient soil into a nutrient bowl with a diameter of 8cm or 10cm and a height of 12cm. (2) During seed treatment and sowing, dry seeds with large and full grains and no disease spots are selected, and 1% formalin solution is used for soaking for 20 minutes to kill the anthrax bacteria on the surface of the seeds, then washed with clear water and dried. (3) Soak the seeds in water for 3-4 hours at room temperature 2-3 days before accelerating germination, and accelerate germination for 24 hours at 30℃ until the radicle breaks the seed coat. 3. Temperature and humidity management at seedling stage: from sowing to emergence, the temperature is 20-25℃ during the day and 15- 16℃ at night. After digging for 3-4 days, the cotyledons are flattened, and the film is uncovered to cool down. During the day, innocent leaves appeared at 15-20℃, and true leaves appeared at 10 days before sowing. It is required to raise the temperature by 20-25℃ during the day to facilitate flower bud differentiation and root and leaf growth. Seedlings should be exercised 10 days before planting and 15-20 days during the day. In terms of water management, kidney bean seedlings are relatively drought-tolerant, so after emergence, water should be replenished 2-3 times according to seedling growth and soil moisture, neither too dry nor too wet. Strong seedling standard, strong seedling after exercise, short and strong cluster, developed root system, 2-3 true leaves, seedling age of 30-35 days. Third, planting 1, preparation before planting (l) land preparation and base fertilizer application Select flat and sunny plots, apply 45-60 tons of organic fertilizer as base fertilizer per hectare, and then plough the land to make the border. (2) Close the shed 20-25 days before planting, generally in the middle of February-March. The shed film is drip-free and anti-aging shed film, and the dosage of polyethylene plastic shed film is per 667m2 120 kg. 2. Planting (l) Temperature index and heat preservation measures during safe planting period. When kidney beans are planted in the greenhouse, the soil temperature in the greenhouse must be stable above 65438 00℃, and the temperature at night should not be lower than 8℃, usually in the first half of April. Thermal insulation measures during planting: Double-curtain shed is used for internal thermal insulation, heater is used in the shed when necessary, and grass is mainly used around the shed for external thermal insulation. (2) Planting method and density: dwarf kidney beans, hole row spacing of 30cm*60cm, 8000- 10000 plants per mu, trailing kidney beans are generally planted in the border, with a width of 1.2cm, and two rows are planted in each border with a spacing of 20-20. Pull out rape before beancurd, and at the same time check the home to attract vines. When planting, it is advisable to use soaked soil for furrow irrigation and then cover it with dry soil. 4. Field management 1, management from field planting to flowering and pod setting (1). After slow planting, kidney beans should be planted in the middle, which will loosen the soil, increase the ground temperature and promote root growth. Generally, it is cultivated every other week or so from planting to flowering. The intertillage should be deep, and with intertillage, the soil should be properly cultivated to the roots. In order to facilitate the continuous occurrence of lateral roots in rhizomes. (2) Temperature and moisture management The temperature management after planting should be maintained at 20-25℃ during the day, 65,438+05-20℃ at night, around 20℃ at the beginning of flowering, and above 65,438+05℃ at night, so as to facilitate normal flowering and pod setting. In terms of water management, kidney beans have certain drought tolerance. & gt
Question 7: When is the best time to plant winter jujube seedlings after defoliation in winter and before germination in the following spring, and so is fruit mulberry.
It is too late to plant winter jujube now, the market is saturated and the benefit is very low. It is suggested to plant fruit mulberry, because few people know it, fewer people plant it and the benefits are high.
The best time is after beginning of spring, before and after the rain, just after the Spring Festival.
Question 8: How to plant golden jujube? Rutaceae belongs to kumquat. Also known as jujube and kumquat. Evergreen shrub. 3 meters high, generally spineless, with green branchlets and many branches when nutrition is sufficient; Leaves lanceolate to oblong, 5-9 cm long, entire, petiole slightly winged; The flowers are small, white and fragrant, with 1-3 axillary flowers, 5 petals, 20-25 stamens and 5 cells. The fruit is oval or obovate, 2.5-3.5 cm long and golden yellow; Japanese kumquat with spherical fruit.
cultivation techniques
Kumquat is propagated by grafting. Rootstock is orange, lime or seeding. Grafting methods include branch grafting, bud grafting and butt grafting, branch grafting and cutting grafting, which are generally carried out in March-April in spring. Bud grafting is carried out from June to September, and potted plants are generally carried out from April to July.
Moderate illumination
Kumquat likes sunny, warm and humid climate.
When cured, put it in a sunny place. If the light is insufficient and the environment is dark, it will often lead to long branches and leaves and few flowers and fruits. Because kumquat likes cool climate in summer, or the intensity of sunshine is high in summer, it is better to put it in the shade at this time.
It is not suitable for freezing at room temperature in winter. If the room temperature is too high, the plant can't fully sleep, and the growth is weak in the second year, and it is easy to drop flowers and buds.
Clever pruning
Pruning is an important technical measure to make kumquat flowers flourish. In order to make the tree beautiful and fruitful, prune it once a year before the sap begins to flow out and before the spring buds germinate, and cut off dead branches, pests and diseases, too dense branches and too flourishing branches, and keep 3-4 annual robust and evenly distributed branches, leaving only 2-3 buds at the base of each branch and cutting off the rest. In this way, all spring buds above 10 can germinate. When the stem is slightly longer than 15 ~ 20cm, the core should be removed to make the plant plump. At this time, quick-acting phosphate fertilizer should be applied once to promote flower bud differentiation. When flowering, flowers should be properly thinned to preserve nutrients. After fruiting, when the young fruit grows to about 1 cm, the fruit can be thinned, with 2-3 fruits left in each strong branch and 1 fruit left in each weak branch, so that the whole fruit is neat and consistent. Cut off the autumn leaves in time, so as not to make the fruit bear fruit twice, make the fruit shape and maturity consistent, and improve the ornamental value.
Apply enough fertilizer
Kumquat likes fertilizer, and it should be cultivated with 4 parts of humus soil, 5 parts of sandy soil and cake fertilizer 1 part. When changing pots, apply hoof pieces or decomposed cake fertilizer as base fertilizer at the bottom of pots. From the beginning of new bud germination to before flowering, decomposed thin sauce residue water can be applied once every 7 ~ 10 days, and alum fertilizer water can be alternately poured several times.
After entering the summer, more phosphate fertilizer should be applied to help the buds get pregnant and bear fruit. Results Fertilization should be suspended at the initial stage, and liquid fertilizer can be applied once a week until the young fruit grows to about 65438±0cm at the end of September.
Well.
Kumquat likes humidity but avoids water accumulation. If the soil in the basin is too wet, it will rot easily. Therefore, it is better to keep the basin soil moderately moist during the growing period. Spring is dry and windy. It is necessary to spray water on the leaves once a day to increase the air humidity. Spray water 2 ~ 3 times a day in summer, and spray water on the ground. But avoid spraying water when flowering to prevent rotten flowers and affect the results.
In rainy season, the accumulated water in the basin should be dumped in time to avoid root rot. When outdoors in summer, it is best to put bricks in the flowerpot to facilitate drainage. Kumquat is sensitive to water demand from flowering stage to young fruit stage. At this time, the pot soil is too dry, and the pedicels and fruit pedicels are easy to delaminate and fall off; Too much watering, poor water permeability of basin soil, is also easy to cause falling flowers and fruits. Therefore, at this time, it is appropriate to keep the basin soil in a semi-humid state.
control of insect
Years of practice have proved that kumquat has not been found to be diseased, but only yellow butterfly (also known as orange butterfly) is harmful. So don't think kumquat is harmful. The adult is 30 mm long, with wings spread 100 mm, yellow-green, and wide black longitudinal stripes on the back. There are six wings in front and six in the back. The egg is spherical, with a diameter of 1mm, yellow and white. Larvae feed on new leaves and buds, which is easy to cause kumquat leaves to be scratched or bitten.
Treatment of this insect: Spraying 50% chlorpyrifos 1000 times or 80% dichlorvos 1000 times in the larval stage to kill the pupae outside the branches.
Question 9: In what month did you plant potted jujube trees? Potted jujube trees are best planted in autumn 1 1, 65438+February and spring in March and April.