Question 1: Grapes are not pruned in autumn, but can they be pruned in spring? You need to let the leaves grow before pruning. Pruning must be carried out from winter to March every year, and lignified vines must be pruned into the required shape according to different pruning systems. Vines that die in the middle of the year must also be replanted in winter. Pruning method: The most important job of pruning is winter pruning. Because the vines can't be harvested until at least the third year after planting, the pruning work in previous years mainly focused on cutting out the shape of the pruning system, and the pruning of grape production began after the third year. Because of the complexity of pruning, it can only be done manually. There are hundreds of bracts on vines before pruning every year. Grape growers prune according to the pruning system and the number of bracts that each vine must keep to control the yield. Because if some bracts are not removed, not only the quality of the grapes produced is not good, but also the aging speed of the vines will be accelerated. The essence of grape planting is to balance the growth of grape branches and leaves and the growth of grape fruits. On the one hand, there should be enough leaves for photosynthesis to make nutrients, on the other hand, the leaves should not be too lush to consume the nutrients needed for grape growth. Pruning and pruning vines is an important way to maintain this balance. In order to match different grape varieties and natural environment, the pruning system has developed many different styles to meet the needs. Each pruning system has its own unique pruning method, branch and vine binding method and various suitable planting techniques.

Question 2: How to prune and manage the vines in spring? (1) Spring is the season of grape germination, leaf spreading, vine elongation, heading, flowering and fruiting. From March to the middle and late April, grapes should be budded, fixed branches, flowered and protected from insects.

Bud retention: from March to the middle and late April, 70% ~ 80% of winter buds on fruiting branches generally germinate, so pay attention to bud retention at this time. Too many buds are left, which is easy to waste nutrients and the tree is weak, which is not conducive to fruit setting; However, if there are too few buds, it is easy to promote the vigorous growth of branches and vines, and it is easy to cause serious flower drop and fruit drop.

Bud smearing: Usually, when multiple buds are sprouted on one bearing branch, one bud is left every 15-20cm, 2-5 new shoots are left on each bearing branch, and the rest are erased from the base. When wiping buds, generally wipe off the non-spikelet buds or weak buds in the double buds, leaving only one tip in each bud eye. In order to ensure the yield, when the new shoots grow to 4-5 leaves, it can also be decided whether the first round of silk has spikes, but this will waste more nutrients.

Fixing branches and tying vines: Before the new branches bloom, leave 5 leaves on the spike for coring, and 8 leaves on the branches that have not blossomed for coring. After coring, the plant will sprout a large number of secondary branches, leaving only 1-2 top secondary branches and 2 leaves for repeated coring, and all other secondary branches will be erased. At the same time, it should be tied according to the growth of vines.

Ear treatment of flowers and fruits: In order to ensure the fruit-setting rate, the ear tip of flower ear15 is usually removed, and 0.3% boron fertilizer and 0.5% urea are sprayed at flowering stage. Five days after flowering, the ears with more fruits were artificially thinned and then bagged for protection.

Disease prevention: When grapes germinate 3-5 leaves, it is necessary to do a good job of disease prevention and spray them every 7- 10 days, especially after rain, to strengthen the protection of spraying drugs and pay attention to intertillage weeding. In this period, grape black pox and gray mold should be controlled. Black pox can be controlled by Dubang Fuxing 8000 times solution, and gray mold can be controlled by Su 1500 times solution. In addition, common drugs can also prevent diseases, such as carbendazim 800 times solution, mancozeb 800 times solution, zineb 800 times solution, etc.

Question 3: How to prune grapes in spring? After the grapes are unearthed in spring, you can prune the branches and vines as needed. There are usually two situations:

(1) When pruning in winter, due to technical, manual or other reasons, the pruning is not carried out completely as required, and there are still problems in the pruning quality. So it needs to be cut again after it is unearthed in spring. (2) In the areas prone to freezing injury in winter, only the grapes are pre-cut in different degrees after autumn pruning, and more branches and vines are left for cold protection. After unearthed in the second year, according to the survival status of branches and buds after wintering, the plants were finally cut.

Before re-cutting, it is necessary to check the overwintering situation of grape bud eyes, judge the overwintering situation of plants buried in soil according to the survival percentage of bud eyes, and determine the load of bud eyes that should be reserved accordingly. Many varieties of European grapes often have a dead bud rate of 20% ~ 50% after overwintering. Replanting according to the specific conditions of plants after winter can better ensure the yield.

When re-pruning, in addition to the requirements of winter pruning, we should also pay attention to cutting off the unearthed bruised branches, removing dry and dead branches, and removing the residual branches and tendrils on the shelf.

Question 4: How to prune the vines? 1. Choose a main vine in the first year of fan-shaped potted grape planting, and when it grows to a height of 30 cm -40 cm, leave 5-6 leaves for coring; According to this method, the extended branches are repeatedly cored; Secondary branches within the range of 10 cm from the base of the main vine should be smoothed in time, 3-5 robust secondary branches should be selected from the middle and upper parts, and 4-5 leaves should be left for repeated coring; The remaining secondary branches can be re-cored with 1 leaf -2 leaves. Prune the grapes when they are taken off the shelf in winter, and cut off the main vine for about 1 m; As a result, the secondary branch of the mother branch was pruned by 2-3 short branches; Sparse the remaining secondary tips. In the second year, 6-8 new shoots with fruit ears were selected and tied on a fan-shaped frame. Leave 6-8 leaves on the ear for coring; Leaves 1 leaves are repeatedly cored at the secondary tip -2 leaves. 2. In the first year of potted grapes in funnel frame, 3-4 new shoots are selected as main vines, which are tied vertically upwards and evenly distributed on the frame surface, and the tips are picked at about 1 m.. Can be used as the secondary branch of fruiting mother branch culture, leaving 4-5 leaves for repeated coring; Cut off the sub-tips that are too dense and weak. Prune the grapes when they are taken off the shelves in winter. If the main vine is strong and mature, it can be kept long, but the total length is lower than the frame surface. Pruning the secondary branches on the main vine that can be used as bearing mother branches; Secondary branches that cannot be used as fruiting mother branches should be cut off. If the main vine is not strong enough and there are no secondary branches that can be used as fruiting mother branches, it should be appropriately cut short and the fruiting mother branches should be cultivated in the second year. In the second year, if there are fruiting mother branches on the main vine, 5-8 leaves are left above the new shoot for coring, and 1-2 leaves are left on the secondary shoot for repeated coring. If there is no fruiting mother branch on the main vine, extend the new shoot to pick the core in time, and select the strong new shoot to leave 4-5 leaves for repeated core picking. Leaves 1 leaves are repeatedly cored at the secondary tip -2 leaves. The winter cutting method is the same as before. In the spring of the third year, the branches should be thinned as early as possible, and the new shoots bearing 10- 12 should be kept, and the rest are the same as before.

Question 5: How to prune 1 grapes in spring can be divided into two aspects, that is, planting them in a large area and selling them as commercial grapes, or cultivating them in the courtyard for their own consumption.

To grow grapes in a large area and sell them as commercial grapes, it is necessary to buy some books or CDs, systematically study grape cultivation techniques, select varieties through market research, then try planting in small batches, accumulate practical experience, and then plant in large quantities.

Garden cultivation is relatively easy to eat by yourself, and the management technology is not so strict.

Grapes like light, high temperature, big water and big fertilizer, but it is easy to cause grape diseases if high temperature and high humidity are avoided.

Grapes are cold-tolerant, and can normally overwinter. When the lowest temperature is lower than-16℃, it is necessary to bury the soil for cold protection.

Grape cultivation, like flower cultivation and fruit tree planting, needs routine management, such as bud wiping, branch fixing, flower thinning, coring, harrowing, watering and fertilizing, insect catching and disease prevention, and then grape picking, winter cutting and planting for cold protection.

Sunshine is the most important thing. It must be planted in a sunny place, otherwise it will not grow normally, let alone blossom and bear fruit.

Water is also indispensable. Long-term drought will make vines mature and sleep prematurely.

Question 6: Pruning methods of vines:

Grape pruning is mainly carried out in winter dormancy period (about 10 days after the autumn equinox leaves fall to the middle of February in the solar calendar); Select the appropriate tree shape according to different cultivation modes; Results the cutting length of mother branch varied with variety characteristics and tree shape. Generally, it is appropriate to cut 4-5 knots, and the tree shape of Xiaolong trunk can be maintained at about 8- 10 knots. Sparse branches with weak growth potential and branches with pests and diseases.

In summer and autumn, grapevines are generally not pruned a lot, but mainly to control the growth of new shoots. Especially about a week before flowering, all new shoots are cored and vigorous growth is controlled, which can improve the fruit setting rate. For new shoots that grow again in the future, only the uppermost secondary branches are kept, and 2-3 leaves are left for repeated coring, and all the secondary branches at the lower part are erased.

Question 7: How to prune the vines in winter? Pruning vines in winter can be carried out from 10 day after defoliation in autumn to one month before germination in spring (mid-February). According to different planting methods, appropriate tree shape should be adopted.

The key points of pruning vines in winter are: leave 4-6 nodes for strong branches, 4 nodes for middle branches and 2 nodes for weak branches or directly prune (cut off from the base).

Question 8: How to prune the vines? First of all, all the secondary branches at the lower part of the ear should be removed, and all the secondary branches that occur later should be removed except the top vines. Leave 2 ~ 3 leaves on the secondary branch of the developing vine to pick the core, and if there are spikes in the future, you can keep them, otherwise only the top 1 spike will be left, and all the others will be removed.

2. Except the top of tendrils, it is best to keep 2 ~ 3 tender tendrils to maintain the advantage of growing points, and then remove the tendrils when the new buds protrude more than 25 cm forward.

Third, picking leaves In order to improve the lighting conditions of the ear, some old leaves close to the ear should be picked to promote fruit coloring. Leaves are usually picked when the fruit is soft.

Question 9: When is the best pruning time for vines? Pruning and pruning techniques of grapes.

1. Pruning time in winter: generally, it will be carried out after the grapes fall naturally and before the bleeding period in the following spring.

2. Proper branch retention: The amount of branch retention and bud retention has great influence on yield, quality and plant growth and development. Generally speaking, the varieties with weak growth and strong erect are 0/5 per square meter13-13, the varieties with medium growth 10- 13 and the varieties with strong growth are 7-9. When pruning, pay attention to the fine and the thick, and stay sick and stay strong.

3. Pruning length: according to the variety characteristics, vine growth, fertility of framework and climatic conditions, the pruning method of long, medium and short shoots is adopted. If the variety grows vigorously, the branches and vines are strong, the shelf surface is large, and the water and fertilizer conditions are good, the short branches with 2-3 buds and the middle branches with 4-6 buds can be pruned.

4. Updating and pruning: Double-branch updating is a common method, that is, leaving two annual branches on the same base branch. Pruning the long branches and vines in the upper branches is the fruiting mother vine, and pruning the vines with short lower branches is the preparation vine. When pruning in the winter of the following year, the upper branches are cut off, and the lower branches and vines are left one long and one short according to the method of the previous year, which can slow down the rise of the fruiting parts, keep the plants in a vigorous state of fruiting and growth, and ensure stable and bumper harvests year after year.

Question 10: Prune the vines before they sprout in spring. Prune their dry branches before they germinate in spring, and take extra care to ensure that the nutrition will not be scattered. Thank you.