Medicinal clove and ornamental clove are two completely different plants. Ornamental lilac is a deciduous shrub belonging to the genus Syringa in Oleaceae, which belongs to famous garden flowers and trees. It has a large inflorescence, lush flowers, elegant and fragrant colors, strong habits and simple cultivation, and is widely cultivated and applied in gardens. Medicinal clove is a dicotyledonous plant of Myrtaceae, which is mainly used for hiccups, vomiting, nausea, dysentery, chills and pains, sarcoidosis, hernia and tinea.

Chinese name: Lilac

Latin scientific name: lilac, lilac

Nicknames: Bai Jie, Zero2IPO, Lilac, Lilac, Lilac.

Field: the field of plants

Door: angiosperm magnolia door

Class: Subclass Dicotyledonous Magnolia

Objective: Labiatae Labiatae.

Family: Oleaceae

Genus: Syringa

light purple

Deciduous shrubs or small trees of the genus Syringa in Oleaceae. It is named after the slender flower tube like a nail and the fragrant smell.

Edit the morphological characteristics of this paragraph

Clove plants are 2 ~ 8 meters high, with opposite leaves, whole or sometimes split, and few pinnately compound leaves. Flowers bisexual, terminal or lateral panicles. flag

Purple, lavender or blue-purple, there are also white purple and blue-purple, mostly white and purple. Purple is lilac, white is lilac, and lilac is a variety of lilac. The capsule is oval in shape and there are cracks in the room.

Growth habit

I like plenty of sunshine, but I can also tolerate half shade. Strong adaptability, cold tolerance, drought tolerance, barren tolerance and less pests and diseases. Appropriate use of good drainage, loose neutral soil, avoid acid soil. Avoid waterlogging and damp heat.

Lilac likes sunshine, is more tolerant to shade and likes to be wet, but it is cold-resistant and drought-resistant, and generally does not need to be watered more. Cloves need fertile soil and well-drained sand. Lilacs don't like big fat. Don't apply too much fertilizer, or it will affect flowering. Corolla is a raceme and belongs to an infinite inflorescence row.

Species and distribution

There are about 27 species of lilacs in the world, mainly distributed in temperate regions of East Asia, Central Asia and Europe. China is the natural distribution center of clove, with 22 wild species, of which 18 is endemic, mainly distributed in southwest, northwest, north China and northeast China. There are 6 species in Japan, North Korea, Afghanistan and 2 species in Europe.

Lilacs are rich and varied: the colors are purple, purplish red, blue purple, yellow, red and white, which can be described as colorful; The flowering period is from early April to late July, which lasts for two seasons. Tall and short plants coexist. The diversity of Syringa plants comes from the wide geographical distribution and different habitats, especially the cross-pollination breeding mechanism provides rich possibilities for intraspecific and interspecific hybridization, resulting in many Syringa varieties with excellent ornamental characteristics. In the process of natural evolution and human long-term introduction and cultivation, the rich genetic diversity of clove has been fully reflected through natural selection and artificial breeding. At present, there are nearly 1000 cultivated varieties in the world.

There are 50% wild resources in southwest China, which is the modern distribution center of Syringa and the relatively primitive terminal inflorescence line (Ser. Villosae(Schneid。 )Rehd。 ) cloves. According to the research results of flora migration in East Asia and the evolution of seed flora in China, we speculate that southwest China is probably the origin center of clove, and then it gradually distributes along two paths: southwest-northwest-North China-Northeast Korea-Japan and southwest-Central Asia-Europe.

Cultivation management

Lilac flowers like sunshine, slightly tolerant to shade, strong cold tolerance, drought tolerance, humidity tolerance and avoid waterlogging. Strong resistance, lax requirements for soil, but suitable for growing in fertile, loose and well-drained soil, not suitable for planting in low-lying and humid places.

Cloves should be transplanted before the buds germinate in early spring. In the transplanting hole, first apply enough base fertilizer, cover a layer of soil on the base fertilizer, and then fill the seedlings with soil. After planting, water it once, and then water it 2-3 times to survive. Clove has strong adaptability and extensive management. As long as we pay attention to weeding, flood prevention in rainy season and watering in drought, we can grow smoothly. Lilacs don't like too much fertilizer, so don't apply too much fertilizer, lest the branches grow white and affect flowering. Generally, before winter, decomposed compost can be applied once a year or once every other year.

Before germination in mid-March, clove was pruned, dense branches, weak branches and pest branches were desulfurized, and long branches were cut off in the middle to make the crown ventilated and transparent. If there is no seed left after the flower withers, the residual flower and two buds at the lower part of the ear can be cut off to reduce nutrient consumption and promote the germination of new branches and the formation of flower buds. After defoliation, it can also be pruned once to ensure that the crown is round and beautiful, which is conducive to growth and flowering in the coming year.

Lilacs have few pests and diseases. The main pests are aphids, marsupials and moths. It can be controlled by spraying 800- 1000 times of 40% dimethoate emulsion or 1000 times of 25% imiphos emulsion.

The flower language and symbolic meaning of lilacs (lilacs and foreign lilacs) are innocence, first love, humility and brilliance.

Lilacs are mainly used for garden viewing. Because of its unique fragrance, huge and lush inflorescences, elegant and harmonious colors and plump and beautiful posture, it has long enjoyed a good reputation among ornamental flowers and trees and has become an indispensable flower in gardens at home and abroad. It can be planted on the roadside, lawn or sunny slope, along the forest edge with other flowers and trees, alone in front of the courtyard and outside the window, or interspersed with various lilacs to form a special lilac garden. It is also suitable for potted plants and is a good material for cutting flowers into bottles. Clove has strong resistance to toxic gases such as sulfur dioxide and hydrogen fluoride, so it is also a good material for greening and beautifying industrial and mining areas.

This genus likes warm, humid and sunny, and many species also have certain cold tolerance. The annual average minimum temperature in Beijing is about-19- 16℃. All the existing cultivated varieties can safely overwinter in Beijing, and can grow, blossom and bear fruit normally every year. According to records, lilac and Hungarian lilac can resist the low temperature of about -35℃. The annual average minimum temperature in Harbin, China is about -26℃, and sometimes it can reach -36℃ or lower. There are more than 10 species of lilacs cultivated in the open field, which belong to 2 subgenera and 3 groups. Because the flower buds of this genus are mostly located on the L-6 pair of buds at the top of branches, when the flower buds of 1-3 are damaged by cold, the flower viewing effect of the whole plant will not be affected.

Syringa plants also have strong drought tolerance. July-September in Beijing is rainy season, and other months are dry season. Especially from April to June, the temperature rises rapidly from 10℃ to around 28℃. At this time, all kinds of lilacs are growing and blooming rapidly. At this time, there was less rain, and the evaporation increased sharply to 230-280 mm, but as long as the plants were watered twice a month, all kinds of lilacs could grow well and flourish.

The requirements for soil are not strict and barren. Except for strongly acidic soil, it can grow normally in all kinds of soils, and neutral soil with loose soil is the best. It is generally forbidden to plant in low-lying areas. Water accumulation can cause disease or cause the whole plant to die.

Clove is a positive tree, which likes to grow in sunny places, grows weakly in the shade or semi-shade, and has few flowers, but a few species such as Yunnan clove need warm air. If this plant is to be cultivated in the north, it is best to choose a small environment with high air humidity, such as planting in the lee of the sun or on the edge of sparse forest. All kinds of lilacs can bloom after 3-4 years of sowing; However, the species of Ligustrum lucidum will not bloom until 4-5 years after sowing, and will bloom after cutting or grafting 1-2 years. Five years later, bloom died. The growth potential is strongest in 5-20 years. The age when it gradually declines, but it can still maintain its life for a long time. Take 180 as an example.

Reproductive management

Lilac can be propagated by many methods, such as dividing plants, layering, grafting, cutting, sowing and so on. Generally, sowing and dividing plants are adopted.

Sowing takes place in early April. Soak the special seeds in hot water at 40-50℃ for 1-2 hours, take them out, mix them according to the ratio of one seed to two sands, put them in a sunny place, cover them with straw bags or sacks, water them frequently and keep them moist. After about a week, the seeds can germinate and then sow.

Factories can be divided in March or June 165438+ 10. As long as the stems and branches gathered at the root of the mother plant are separated and transplanted separately. Cutting should be carried out in autumn. Rootstocks are mostly Ligustrum lucidum and Fraxinus mandshurica, and the grafting method is higher. Generally, rootstocks are grafted at a distance of 120- 150 cm from the ground, and bud grafting should be selected from the mother plants of excellent varieties. We should also pay attention to cutting off the new branches and buds of the rootstock at any time, so as not to consume nutrients, make the buds and scions stunted and usurp the role of the host. The layering propagation should be carried out in February. When layering, the thick branches should be girdled. The layering can bloom 2-3 years after it survives.

Lilacs should be planted in the ground or in flowerpots. When transplanting, the roots should carry as much soil as possible, so it is easy to survive.

Lilacs like sunshine, are slightly resistant to shade, like humidity, avoid water accumulation, cold and drought, and generally do not need to be watered more. Fertile and well-drained sandy loam is needed. If planted in a cool environment, the branches are slender and weak, the inflorescences are short and loose, and the flowers are dull. If planted on barren land, it can grow, but the flowers are small and few, and grow thin. So plant it in sunny, fertile and deep soil. When planting, you need to take a lump of soil, cut off some branches appropriately, and fill it with clear water after planting. In the future, when the weather is dry every spring, water the buds before and after flowering. Lilacs don't like big fertilizer, so don't apply too much fertilizer, otherwise it will easily lead to virtual growth and affect flowering. Generally, decomposed compost is applied once a year or before winter every other year to supplement nutrients in the soil. After the flowers wither, if there are no seeds left, the residual flowers can be cut off together with the two buds at the lower part of the ear, and at the same time, some branches with too dense cavities can be thinned out, which is conducive to ventilation, light transmission and beautiful tree shape, and is conducive to promoting the germination of new branches and the formation of flower buds. After defoliation, pests and diseases, dead branches and slender branches can be cut off, and cross branches, cluster branches, overlapping branches and over-dense branches can be appropriately pruned to make the branches evenly distributed and keep the crown round, which is beneficial to the growth and flowering of the next year. When planting lilacs in the field, special attention should be paid to drainage and waterlogging prevention in rainy season. Because the accumulated water is too long, it is easy to fall leaves and die.

Harbin lilac

1988 April 12, the Standing Committee of Harbin Municipal People's Congress identified clove as the city flower of Harbin. "Princess Lilac" wears the feather clothes of "City Flower" and is deeply loved by Harbin people. There are three kinds of lilacs, white lilacs, red lilacs, assorted lilacs, French lilacs, Korean lilacs, Guandong lilacs and Liaodong lilacs in Harbin 13, and there are also three kinds of wild Zushima lilacs 13 transplanted from Xiaoxing 'anling and Wandashan forests. Lilacs are not susceptible to pests and diseases and have strong vitality. They have the characteristics of simplicity, boldness and sincerity of northerners. Lilacs can absorb harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide in the air, improve the environment and regulate the air. Spring in Harbin comes late and goes quickly, and lilacs just bloom at this time, making up for the short spring in Harbin, so they are loved by Harbin people.

Lilac in Xining city

Lilacs symbolize auspiciousness and are one of the favorite flowers of people of all ethnic groups in Xining. 1985 was selected as the flower of Xining. It is understood that at present, there are mainly lilacs, white lilacs, clove leaves and amaranth planted in Xining, with varieties of 16 and tens of millions of plants, accounting for 70% of the total number of flowering shrubs planted in the city. In recent years, Xining has planted hundreds of thousands of lilacs in South Main Road, Minhe Road, Bayi Road, Binhe Road and Binhe Garden. With the implementation of the landscape reconstruction projects of Xinning Road, Wuyi Road and Ningda Road, Lilac Avenue is presented to the public. At the same time, a special lilac garden was built under the nanzenji in Xining City, and a special lilac garden was also built in Xining Botanical Garden, which collected all 16 lilac varieties in Xining.

Lilac in Hohhot

1In April, 1986, the Standing Committee of Hohhot Municipal People's Congress passed a resolution to determine lilac as the city flower of Hohhot. It is the first city to identify lilacs as city flowers. Since then, it has become a symbol of a famous city beyond the Great Wall with its simplicity, fragrance and elegance. Ulanhu Memorial Hall is the largest resource base for introduction, cultivation and domestication of lilacs in the autonomous region. After years of cultivation, the number of lilacs alone exceeds 1 10,000, with more than 30 varieties, mainly including lilacs, white lilacs, Beijing lilacs, Rhododendron spicatum, and lilacs with feather leaves.

In Hohhot, besides parks, gardens and courtyards, lilacs are planted on both sides of the road, and even the separation of motor vehicle lanes and bicycle lanes on the road is adopted. Whenever lilacs come to bloom in May, the city is full of lilacs.

symbolic meaning

(1) Lilac-symbolizes diligence and humility, and symbolizes good school spirit.

(2) Lilac-in classical poetry, she symbolizes beauty, nobility and bitterness.

(3) In France, "when lilacs are in full bloom" refers to the best climate. The lucky flower for people whose birthdays are in May 17 or June 12 is lilac. In the west, this flower symbolizes "the innocence, first love and humility of young people".

Lilac in the west symbolizes the innocence, first love and humility of young people. Lilac has the glorious nickname of the flower of heaven, perhaps because of its noble fragrance, which has been cherished by people since ancient times. Therefore, the flower language of lilacs is also worthy of the glory of the nickname of the flower of heaven.

Those who are blessed by this flower have a glorious life and are blessed by the gods. Because I am too smart, I have a problem with taking shortcuts. I hope that in the process of pursuing, don't forget the ultimate goal.

Clove variety

All belong to about 30 species. There are 23 species in China, which is the distribution center of Syringa, distributed from northeast to southwest, with more species in Qinling and southwest. Wild species are mostly distributed in mountainous areas with an altitude of 800 ~ 3800 meters, and the cultivation areas are mainly in northern provinces. Seeding and cutting propagation are the main methods, and grafting, layering and ramet propagation can also be used. Lilacs are widely planted in cold regions. Suitable for planting in gardens, communities, hospitals, schools, kindergartens or other gardens and scenic spots. It can be planted alone, in clusters, on roadsides, lawns, corners, forest edges and other places, or mixed with other trees and shrubs, especially evergreen trees. Individual varieties can be used as flower hedges. Potted plants can also be potted plants, and cut flowers can also be used.

Lilac is one of the most common ornamental flowers and trees in China. It blooms in mid-spring in bloom. It is fragrant, colorful and lovely. It is said that it was widely planted in the Song Dynasty. At that time, someone decorated the rockery landscape with cloves on the mound, which was called "Lilac Zhang". Lilacs must be planted closely.

Lilac is one of the flowers listed as twelve friends in Zhang Hui's novel "The Flower in the Mirror". Clove originated from northeast to southwest China, and there are still many wild species, such as Syringa microphylla, Syringa tomentosa, Syringa fragrans, Syringa oblata and Syringa liaotungensis, which can be transplanted and cultivated. Lilac is an ornamental plant, which is appreciated by elegant customs. When I was in bloom, the fragrance was overflowing. If it is planted in courtyards and gardens, potted in libraries and halls, or used as a cut flower in a vase, it will make people feel beautiful, beautiful and pleasant.