Potted grapes not only meet the needs of family greening and viewing, but also can harvest a lot of grapes in the season, which is very meaningful for people who want to grow grapes at home!
Some people say, is potted grape feasible? The root system of grapes is relatively developed. Isn't putting it in a pot limiting its growth? Can it still bear fruit? In fact, this is an ignorance of grapes! Compared with other fruit trees, grapes are very suitable for potted plants! There are several reasons for this:
One: Grape has strong regional adaptability. Maybe you don't know, among the fruit trees in the world, grapes have the largest cultivation area and the widest distribution, spanning multiple temperate zones, tropical zones, temperate zones and sub-frigid zones! Take the domestic planting situation as an example, it can be planted in the south, north and northwest plateau! Different climate, different soil environment, grapes have strong adaptability!
Two: Grapes are easy to reproduce. Most grape varieties can survive by cutting and have good grafting ability. Can be used in potted plants, seedlings can be planted directly, and no seedlings can be cut directly.
Three: Grapes have good characteristics. Grape fruit is faster. Without control, there will be more fruits (the quality of fruits will not be very high), and the requirements for soil are not particularly strict. Relatively easy to manage. Except marshland and heavy saline-alkali land, other soils can grow well!
What should you do if you have a nice balcony or roof at home and want to grow a pot of grapes? Xiaoyang will give you a detailed explanation today:
First of all, the choice of varieties:
Potted grapes are not much different from those planted outside, and the yield will not be too great. Mature fruits need not be processed! Moreover, potted grapes are not affected by the growth period, and early, middle and late maturing varieties can be planted! Try to choose some varieties with good quality, disease resistance, pollution resistance and high yield, such as: Kyoho, Rose fragrance!
Then the choice of planting container:
A flowerpot is a container for potted plants. This choice should be scientific! Not too small, too small has a great influence on the growth of potted grapes! The size can be determined according to the size of the selected tree. Actually, you can use some plastic buckets or foam boxes. If you want to be beautiful, you can also buy a clay pot!
Some people don't know exactly how big a container to use, so they can give a reference suggestion. If you want to use it to cultivate seedlings, choose a small container with a diameter of 10cm. If you say that you can't transplant directly, then choose the seedling size with a diameter of 40cm and a depth of about 50cm!
The second is the most important choice of basin soil:
The so-called potted plants are somewhat similar to the meaning of "limiting the roots of grapes". The growth of roots can only be confined to flowerpots, so good soil growth conditions and good soil are conducive to the growth of roots! At this time, the general soil can not meet the requirements of potted soil, and it needs to be equipped according to the nature of the soil! The best pot soil is humus soil, which is generally required to be loose and fertile, with good water permeability, air permeability and water retention. Generally, the ratio of soil to fertilizer is 7:3, and the soil can be made up of common pastoral soil 40%+ humus soil 40%+ sandy soil 20%. If you use fertilizer, you can use organic fertilizer, sheep manure and chicken manure and mix them with soil, and then mix the soil and fertilizer evenly! Remember: humus is essential!
After that, the seedlings can be planted:
If you buy seedlings, you should choose seedlings with developed roots, full buds and no pests and diseases, preferably 1 year. You should trim the roots of seedlings properly, and some straight roots or long roots can be cut off directly! Before transplanting, soak the seedlings in water for 24 hours! Pad the bottom drain hole when transplanting to prevent soil leakage! Then put more than one third of the soil into it to make it into a steamed bread shape with high middle and low sides, then put the grape seedlings on it, spread the roots outward and center them, and then start burying the soil. After burying the soil, gently lift the seedlings with your hands, then compact the soil and water the roots!
At this point, the potted plant is basically completed, but this is only the end of the preliminary work. We still have these places to pay attention to in the follow-up:
How to carry out water and fertilizer: potted grapes need a lot of water, and different seasons are different! Water it as soon as possible in the morning and evening to avoid sun exposure. Watering requires water permeability. Don't water with "tap water", otherwise the surface will be wet and the roots will be dry! You can also spray water on the leaves with a watering can to reduce the dust on the leaves! If potted plants start before autumn, be sure to give enough water, control water properly in autumn, and don't water them too much to avoid wasting water and nutrients!
We should pay attention to one principle in the demand for fertilizer: thin fertilizer should be applied frequently. Why do you say that? Because the space of potted grapes is limited, it is easy to cause the phenomenon of "burning" if you accidentally fertilize too much! You can apply it once every 5 to 7 days! Top dressing can choose to use aging fertilizer solution, in addition to top dressing, foliar top dressing can also be carried out!
In spring, nitrogen fertilizer promotes the growth of branches and leaves and ear differentiation; Spraying boron before flowering to improve fruit setting rate; Use phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in the late growth stage to promote the ripening of fruits and vines! Among them, when spraying phosphate fertilizer, it is necessary to dilute the concentration, first soak it in water 1 to 2 days, stir it evenly, and then dilute the concentration by 2%~5% with clear liquid!
After that, we have to face a problem, that is, what posture to choose and how to shape potted grapes. Here we recommend two ways:
The first is the independent frame and cone shape.
We chose to erect a bamboo pole in the middle of the basin, with the length of 1 .5m. We chose 1main vine of that year and tied it to the bamboo pole, until the main vine grew to about1m, and then cored it. After that, only the auxiliary branch at the top of 1 is reserved as the extension branch of the main vine, and the other auxiliary branches are reserved for repeated coring. In this way, the posture of the subject is determined!
Then pruning, in winter. All the secondary branches on the new shoots are cut off, and the main vines are directly cut to the mature position, about 100cm. When cutting each fruiting branch in winter, 2 ~ 3 short buds should be left at the base to form the fruiting mother branch; In the second year, only three or four robust new shoots with tidbits are left on the main vine, and the new shoots should be picked before flowering! Trim it like this every year, and you can form a cone!
Second: vertical frame and fan shape
Insert a few columns in a straight line in the pot, not too many 2-3 columns, and the sides are slightly inclined. Tie a rope at a distance of 15cm~20cm, which is similar to a single-arm hedge frame in the field. Plant 3 main vines, leaving 2-4 fruiting mother branches for each main vine and 1~2 new shoots for each mother branch.
The process of potted grapes here is over! The rest is the treatment of some pests and diseases. As long as potted grapes pay attention to fertilizer and water management and pruning, as long as the trees are strong and the ventilation effect is good, there will be basically no pests and diseases! But always check, early detection, early treatment! When it is hot and rainy in summer, it is necessary to prevent downy mildew. Downy mildew can be found as early as possible by observing leaves. It is generally found that diseased leaves should be sprayed with 400 times ethyl phosphate in time for prevention and treatment!
The above are the basic methods and contents of potted plants. Now autumn is the right time. Those who want to grow a pot of grapes can start harvesting next year!