Sophora japonica has a broad and symmetrical crown, lush foliage, beautiful posture, fragrant flowers and long life.
Suitable for street trees, shade trees, landscape trees, surrounding greening trees and greening trees in industrial and mining areas, and often planted alone in the corner of architectural gardens or lawns.
Sophora japonica is a deciduous tree with a height of 25 meters, a round crown, dark gray dry skin, green branchlets and a special smell on the bark. Leaves alternate, odd pinnate compound leaves, 7 ~ 17 leaflets, ovoid or ovoid, entire, with white powder and fluff on the back of leaves.
The flowers are light yellow-green, with terminal panicles, pearl pods and fleshy flesh. They bloom in July and August and mature in June at 5438+ 10.
Sophora japonica is a positive tree species, which likes light and is slightly tolerant to shade.
Resistant to dry, cold, high temperature and dry climate.
The root system is developed, and it is a deep-rooted tree species. It likes sandy loam with deep drainage and can grow normally on calcareous, acidic and mild saline-alkali soil.
Strong resistance to smoke and dust, sulfur dioxide, chlorine and hydrogen chloride gas.
Sophora japonica is a kind of hinged branch with moderate growth rate, and its hidden buds are easy to germinate and resistant to pruning.
Plastic trimming usually adopts heart-shaped and multi-guide stem shape.
The trunk of Sophora japonica is not easy to grow straight, so it can be folded back to dry at seedling stage. After transplanting for 2 ~ 3 times, the planting spacing is gradually relaxed, and the main roots and thick lateral roots are shortened each time to cultivate the trunk with appropriate height-thickness ratio.
Culture for 3 ~ 4 years and then finalize the design.
When Sophora japonica is used as a street tree, if there are wires above the crown, which hinder the tree from developing into the sky, the open-heart shaping method is adopted.
The branch point of street trees under the power line should not be too high, generally 2 ~ 2.5 meters, and the maximum is not more than 3 meters.
On this basis, 3 ~ 5 branches that are robust, evenly distributed and grow obliquely are selected as the main branches, and all other branches are sparse.
The vertices of the main branches of street trees should be neat, the height under the branches should be consistent, and finally the remaining main branches should be cut short, neat and beautiful.
In the young tree period, the crown is round or oblate.
If there are many wires above the tree, the branches of the street trees can't grow into the air, so we have to limit the height growth and maintain this tree shape.
If there are not many wires in the sky, when the trees grow up and the branches are in danger of approaching the wires, the branches growing in the direction of the wires will gradually become thinner and form a cup. Finally, the main branches will grow together with the wires on both sides, or they can form a larger crown.
When Sophora japonica is used as a courtyard shade tree or a street tree without overhead antenna, it generally adopts the shape of a multi-headed trunk with a plastic belt of about 2.5 meters.
After planting young trees, we should strengthen all kinds of maintenance and management to promote their robust sprouting, and cultivate backbone branches on this basis.
When pruning in summer, 4 ~ 6 branches with vigorous growth and good azimuth are selected for use in the plastic belt, and the remaining branches are removed or only the tender tips are knocked out.
Tilling should be divided into two times, not once.
When pruning in winter, choose 3 ~ 4 main branches and leave 80 ~ 100 cm short nodes according to the growth situation. If the growth is not enough, you can cut off the top without cutting it or slightly.
When cutting secondary branches in winter every year, the length can be 100 ~ 150 cm. If the growth is not enough, it will take 2 ~ 3 years to form.
When the height of the tree continues to extend, the number of the upper main branches continues to increase, and the lower main branches should be properly thinned.
Generally, the middle trunk is extended by one section every year, leaving two main branches, and the lower part of the trunk should be thinned accordingly to keep the leaf area roughly unchanged.
After several years, a solid and reasonable tree skeleton will be formed soon.
After Sophora japonica is gradually formed, pruning in winter is mainly based on thinning branches, excluding whorled branches, clustered branches, thinning branches, diseases and insect pests, over-dense branches and dead branches.
Focus on solving the problems that the peripheral branches are too dense and closed, which leads to insufficient illumination of the branches and leaves in the inner room, increased dead branches and dead branches, and increased harm caused by the spread of pests and diseases.
It would be ideal if more peripheral branches could be sparse.
Some trees can't be thinned too much, which will destroy the tree shape. In this case, the big branches at the top of the middle trunk can be cut off to solve the problem of ventilation and light transmission inside the crown.
Be careful not to leave piles when thinning branches, because it is easy to produce clusters of weak branches or long branches.
In a word, pruning can achieve the purpose of keeping the crown neat, empty, plump, ventilated and transparent, reducing pests and diseases and increasing ornamental effect.