Intertextuality and Parallelism in "Three Gorges" "Chinese Language Learning Journal"

Wan Xingguo

Intertextuality and parallelism are common rhetorical figures in ancient poetry. method. The author of "Three Gorges" was deeply influenced by the writing style of the Southern Dynasties. The style of "Shui Jing Zhu" is a combination of parallel prose and prose, and uses some ancient Chinese rhetorical methods. There are several intertextual and parallel rhetorical methods in the article "Three Gorges". Careful analysis will be of great help to our understanding of the text.

1. Intertext

Rhetorical Explanation

Intertext is also called mutual rhetoric. In order to avoid the monotony of writing, or to adapt to certain requirements of stylistic expression, a sentence with a relatively complex meaning is consciously divided into two sentences with roughly the same form and interlaced words, so that the meaning and content of the two sentences have mutual implications. , intertwined, intertwined and complementary relationships, this rhetorical method is called intertextuality. The characteristic is that the above text contains words that will appear below, and the below text contains words that have already appeared above.

Instruction

When describing the steep and high mountains in "Three Gorges", the author used intertextuality. For example, "overlapping rock peaks", that is, "overlapping rock peaks", should be translated as "overlapping rock peaks like barriers." Another example is "hiding the sky and covering the sun", that is, "hiding the sky and the sun", which is understood to mean "covering the blue sky and the sun." This kind of sentence structure is catchy and powerful when read. The upper and lower sentences are interlaced and supplemented, and a few words vividly portray the height of the mountain. The author also used intertextuality when writing about the coldness of autumn. For example, "Lin Han Jian Su", that is, "Lin Jian Han Su", actually means "a cold and quiet place in the woods and mountain streams." The autumn scenery in the cold and solemn atmosphere unfolds before our eyes, forming a sharp contrast with the spring and winter scenery described above.

A little test of your skills

Translate the following sentences into modern Chinese.

① The bright moon is in Qin time and the Han time is off. ② A general will die in a hundred battles, and a strong man will return in ten years.

③Close your temples by the window and put yellow decals on the mirror. ④Open the door of my east pavilion and sit on my bed in the west pavilion.

⑤There are scholars who talk and laugh, but there are no idle people in dealings. ⑥Don’t be happy with things, don’t be sad with yourself.

2. Parallel mention

Rhetorical explanation

Parallel mention is also called combined narration, that is, mentioned together and narrated together. Combining words that should be written as two phrases or two sentences into one phrase or sentence in form, putting the same sentence components together and mentioning them, but still expressing them according to the combination relationship of the two phrases or sentences This rhetorical method is called Bingti. The effect is compact sentences and concise diction. Specifically, it means combining words that should be divided into two sentences into one sentence. Only by dividing them into two sentences during translation can the context and meaning be smooth.

Instruction

The article "Three Gorges" is mentioned in two places. The author uses parallel references when writing about the high mountains on both sides of the Taiwan Strait, such as "Since it is not the pavilion at midnight, the moon is not seen", it should be understood as "Since it is not the pavilion at noon, there is no Xi; since it is not the night, there is no moon", which is translated as "Unless At noon, the sun cannot be seen; except at midnight, the moon cannot be seen.” In addition, when writing about rivers in spring and winter, they are also mentioned together. For example, "The green pool is clear and the reflection is clear", which means "The rapids are white and the light waves are swirling; the deep green pool reflects the reflection of the mountains and forests." .

A little test of your skills

Translate the following sentences into modern Chinese.

⑦The wind and frost are noble.

⑧If someone commits adultery and is a loyal person, he should be punished and rewarded by a judge.

Reference answers: ① The bright moon in the Qin and Han Dynasties and the border in the Qin and Han Dynasties. ②The generals and soldiers have been fighting for many years and experienced hundreds of battles. Some died in battle and some returned victorious. ③ Look in the mirror in front of the window, comb your long hair as beautiful as clouds, and put yellow stickers on your forehead. ④Open the door of my East-West Pavilion and sit on the bed of my East-West Pavilion. ⑤ Those who talk and laugh are knowledgeable scholars, and there are no uneducated people who talk and laugh. ⑥ Don’t be happy or sad because of the quality of external things or your own gains and losses. ⑦The sky is high and the air is crisp, and the frost is white. ⑧If there are those who commit evil acts or violate laws and regulations, the officials in charge should be taught how to judge them and punished; if there are people who have done good things and contributed to the country, the officials in charge should be taught how to judge them and receive rewards.