1, microtia: refers to auricle deformity.

Mild deformity: the appearance is basically normal, but the shape is small.

Moderate deformity: appearance changes and irregular cartilage development.

Severe deformity: no shape, only small irregular cartilage, often accompanied by atresia of external auditory canal.

2, external auditory canal atresia: the external auditory canal is not fully developed, often accompanied by symptoms of maxillofacial bone dysplasia.

Mild deformity: only external auditory canal atresia.

Severe deformity: the external auditory canal is completely closed, often accompanied by symptoms of middle ear deformity and underdeveloped tympanic membrane.

3. Preauricular fistula: The auricle is formed by the fusion of the ectodermal mound of the first and second branchial arches of the embryo. If there is epithelial residue during fusion, a blind duct will be formed.

Symptoms: Preauricular fistulas are mostly located in front of the helix, and common fistulas have fat or creamy secretions.

4. branchial cleft cyst: branchial cleft cyst originated from the first pair of branchial cleft residual tissues, mostly occurring in the posterior auricular sulcus, between the earlobe and the mastoid process. If there are fistulas, they are mostly located at the junction of the posterior inferior wall of the external auditory canal and cartilage.

Symptoms and manifestations: the cyst is not obvious when young, but gradually increases when old. If complicated with infection and abscess, it can be suppurated repeatedly.

5. Inner ear malformation: inner ear hypoplasia is rare, mostly congenital deafness and postnatal deafness, and it is more common in many syndromes.

6, congenital cholesteatoma: congenital cholesteatoma in infants is ectoderm dislocation, epithelial accumulation, will gradually expand around, destroying bone. Cholesteatoma can occur in the external auditory canal or other parts of the temporal bone.