xià hé？ The lower part of the lower jaw of vertebrates; Mandible and the soft part covering it

Mandibular is the key part of the face, which plays an important role in facial beauty and oral function. This paper will discuss the anatomical structure, physiological function, sports characteristics and health care measures related to mandible.

The muscles of mandible mainly include masseter, temporal muscle, medial pterygoid muscle and lateral pterygoid muscle. Through contraction and relaxation, these muscles help the mandible to complete various actions, such as opening mouth, closing mouth and chewing. The masseter muscle, temporal muscle and medial pterygoid muscle also play an important role in maintaining facial morphology.

The skin and soft tissue of mandible have an important influence on appearance and touch. Skin is soft and elastic and will change with age. The skin of mandible is prone to wrinkles and relaxation, so regular maintenance and exercise are very important to maintain a young appearance.

The physiological functions of mandible include chewing, swallowing, breathing and expression. In the process of chewing, the mandible and maxilla move in coordination, and the food is chewed into small particles and sent to the esophagus. When swallowing, the mandible cooperates with cervical vertebrae, throat and oral organs to transport food into the stomach. In the process of breathing, the mandible cooperates with the organs of nasal cavity, throat and chest cavity to ensure the smooth entry and exit of air into the lungs. In the process of expression, the movement and position change of mandible can convey emotional information such as surprise, joy and anger.

The characteristics of mandibular movement include mouth opening, mouth closing, deviation and so on. Opening mouth and closing mouth is the basic action of mandible, which can change the volume and shape of oral cavity and facilitate eating and speaking. Skew refers to the horizontal movement of the mandible, which can make the teeth on the left and right sides of the mouth wear evenly and avoid excessive wear or skew of the teeth.

In a word, the mandible is an important part of the face, which plays an important role in facial beauty and oral function. Understanding the anatomical structure, physiological function, movement characteristics and health care measures of mandible is helpful to better maintain the health of mandible. By paying attention to diet, regular oral examination and other measures, the occurrence of mandibular diseases can be prevented, and young appearance and healthy oral cavity can be maintained.