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Treatment of Maffucci syndrome
1. surgical therapy

Severe lower limb deformities often require surgical treatment because they affect load bearing. If the epiphyseal plate is not closed, it can be blocked at a suitable age and position. Osteotomy is often needed to correct the load-bearing line when the epiphyseal plate is closed Osteotomy of the lower femur is feasible for genu valgus, osteotomy of the lower tibia for genu varus and osteotomy of fibula and tibia for genu valgus. There are few upper limb deformities that need surgical correction. Patients with cubitus valgus complicated with ulnar neuritis can undergo osteotomy of the lower humerus or ulnar nerve advancement. Osteotomy of the lower radius is feasible for ulna deviation of hand, and the lower ulna can be removed if necessary. For patients with sarcomatoid transformation, amputation, joint amputation, tumor limb resection and distal limb replantation are feasible. Sarcoma grows in an inconvenient place, and radiotherapy can be used to relieve pain and control tumor growth.

2. Radiotherapy

(1)Maffucci syndrome is not sensitive to radiotherapy, and radiotherapy is generally used for preoperative controlled radiotherapy or postoperative consolidation radiotherapy to prevent tumor recurrence. Postoperative adjuvant therapy often depends on whether surgical resection is enough and whether the pathologist determines whether there is tumor residue at the margin. If the tumor is close to important blood vessels and nerve structures and the risk of recurrence is high, radiotherapy is needed. If it is difficult to complete radical surgery in some parts, or if the margin is not clean and there is residue under the microscope, supplementary radiotherapy can also be considered.

(2) The preoperative radiotherapy dose can reach 50Gy. In some areas, patients with residual tumors can be irradiated with high dose iridium 192 or intra-particle irradiation. Preoperative radiotherapy is prone to incision complications, and sometimes plastic surgery is needed to repair it. If the tumor is found to be adjacent to blood vessels and nerves during operation, it is difficult to ensure the resection edge. Silver clips should be placed around the tumor during postoperative radiotherapy, or catheters should be placed during operation, arranged according to the system, and the spacing between the catheters should be 1cm, which requires straightness. High dose iridium 192 should be irradiated within a few days after operation, and the tumor dose should be 12 ~ 16Gy. The tumor bed dose of postoperative radiotherapy is 45 ~ 50 Gy. We can also consider increasing the dose of 10 ~ 20 Gy according to the marginal situation.