First, avoid carelessness.
Flowers, like people, are alive and need careful care. Many flower farmers lack due care and diligence for these beautiful lives. First, lazy, unwilling to study flower cultivation knowledge, willing to be a layman for a long time, and illegal management. Second, lazy hands, unwilling to spend too much time and energy on flowers. After the flowers entered the house, they were left out in the cold, hungry for a long time, and suffered from pests and diseases. In this way, even the best flowers will gradually wither. So lazy people can't raise flowers.
Second, excessive abstinence from love.
Contrary to the above situation, some flower farmers love flowers so much that their fingers itch when they don't play for a while. Some watering and fertilization are irregular, so they are watered when they think of it, so that flowers die from waterlogging and fertilization; Some move flowerpots around casually, and they can move to several places a day, which makes the flowers have to adapt to the environment frequently and disrupts the normal growth law. In the long run, it's strange not to toss the flowers to death. There are several potted flowers at home, and it is understandable to like them, but flowers have their own growth rules like people. If they are often disturbed when they need to have a rest, they will naturally feel tired and grow badly.
Third, do not distinguish between wild vegetables and wild vegetables.
Some flower growers love perfection, regardless of any variety, and move home when they see it, which not only brings difficulties to management, but also brings some flowers that are not suitable for planting home, polluting the environment and damaging health. For example, flowers with poisonous juice are easy to be poisoned when people touch them. The smell of some flowers has an impact on people's nervous system, which is easy to cause poor breathing and even allergic reactions. Plants with sharp thorns on the outside also pose a certain threat to human safety, and so on. In short, family flowers should not be greedy for perfection, but cultivate varieties with small plant type, beautiful appearance and no harm to human body.
Fourth, stop chasing fame and fortune.
Some flower lovers believe that famous flowers have high ornamental value and great market profit, so it is necessary to raise them. Under this psychological control, they spend a lot of money to buy famous flowers and trees everywhere. The result is often due to the lack of good greening and maintenance conditions and management techniques, which makes flowers die soon after they are bought, which not only wastes precious flowers, but also wastes money. This is a conceptual misunderstanding. The correct way should be to start from ordinary and low-grade species and gradually explore the rules and skills of flower cultivation. After reaching a certain technical level, we will gradually purchase more expensive types, so as to grasp the success.
Family potted flowers
Fifth, quit sooner or later.
Some flower farmers are impetuous, they have no theme, and the flowers at home change like lanterns. This is a big taboo for growing flowers. First, the species changes too fast and the planting time is short, which is not conducive to cultivating beautiful plants and ornamental flowers and trees. Second, tasting every kind of flower is not conducive to the improvement of flower cultivation level, and in the end it is still a flower blindness. Therefore, flower growers can only gain something if they choose one or two kinds of flowers correctly and focus on cultivating them.
Sixth, the concept of abstinence is not new.
Nowadays, new knowledge and technologies are emerging in the flower industry, but most flower growers are still stuck in the traditional maintenance methods, and are not good at using new technologies and equipment in the use of flower devices, water and fertilizer management, seedling cultivation, etc., such as soilless culture, odorless flower fertilizer, and various flower devices. As a result, family flower cultivation is unsanitary, unsightly, novel and has great side effects.
Family Maintenance of Flowers in Autumn
After autumn, the temperature gradually drops and the sunshine weakens. For many people who like to grow flowers, it is necessary to conserve flowers according to the climate characteristics of this season, so that they can spend autumn and winter smoothly.
The first is to enter the room to keep warm. In this season, most woody flowers, bonsai and perennial herbs in the south have to be moved indoors, such as banyan, hibiscus, poinsettia, begonia, cyclamen, tortoise shell bamboo, Liriodendron chinense, African jasmine, Milan and rubber trees. Because with the increase of temperature difference between day and night and the decrease of temperature at night, perennial flowers will convert chlorophyll into anthocyanins and carotene in this case, leading to the removal of folic acid. Although plants will not die, they will also cause a large number of fallen leaves or yellow leaves, which will lose the ornamental effect.
Second, water and fertilizer are suitable. Potted flowers grow slowly in autumn. At this time, most flowers should start to control the amount of watering and stop fertilizing, so as to avoid too much water rotting roots and too much fertilizer leading to white branches and leaves. For flowers that bloom around the Spring Festival, such as cyclamen, clivia, crab claw orchid, camellia, rhododendron and so on.
At this point, we have passed the dormant period and started to enter the peak season of growth. Therefore, after autumn, it is necessary to strengthen the management of fertilizer and water, and appropriately increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to facilitate the formation of flower buds.
Third, timely breeding. For annual herbaceous flowers, attention should be paid to the collection and preservation of seeds. Some biennial flowers, such as pansy, carnation, chrysanthemum, hollyhock, etc. It is a good time to sow. Pay attention to spraying water after sowing to keep the soil moist. There are also some woody flowers suitable for cutting in autumn, such as roses, geraniums and jasmine. The survival rate of cutting in autumn is high. Perennial flowers, such as Paeonia suffruticosa and Paeonia lactiflora, which grow densely and need to be divided into plants, should be divided into plants and propagated in time. Flowers that bloom around the Spring Festival, such as hyacinthus orientalis, tulips and Zhu Dinghong, should be brought to the pots as soon as possible.
The fourth is reasonable pruning. Most flowers such as jasmine, crape myrtle and pomegranate can be trimmed and reshaped in autumn, which can reduce the consumption of nutrients in winter and promote the flowering of potted flowers in the second year. When pruning, remove diseased branches, dead branches, over-dense branches and long branches to lay a good foundation for potted flowers to overwinter.
The fifth is to prevent and control pests and diseases. Autumn is an important period for flower pest control. Potted flowers can be sprayed with drugs before entering the room to prevent overwintering diseases and insect sources.
Family hydroponic flower cultivation method
1. What are the difficulties of hydroponic flowers in summer? Hydroponics is the cultivation of ornamental plants with non-solid medium (water or water containing appropriate plant nutrient solution). At present, most family hydroponic flowers are cultured in still water, and the dissolved oxygen is lower than 1mg/l, so the flowers barely maintain their lives in anoxic containers. With the temperature rising in summer, the physiological metabolism of plants is vigorous, microorganisms multiply, the oxygen consumption increases sharply, the dissolved oxygen decreases continuously, and the water quality deteriorates, which may cause many unfavorable factors to the growth of hydroponic flowers, resulting in root rot, withered branches and leaves, and even premature death of plants and flowers. Therefore, in summer, in addition to preventing extreme heat and high temperature, improving the oxygen content of nutrient solution is the key to ensure the safety of hydroponic flowers in summer.
Second, how to improve the content of dissolved oxygen in nutrient solution?
There are many ways to increase dissolved oxygen, which can be summarized as chemical methods and physical methods. Here are some simple and effective methods.
1. Increasing the number of nutrient solution changes is the easiest way to increase dissolved oxygen. It is determined that the dissolved oxygen content of fresh nutrient solution is 70%-90% higher than that of the original solution, which can improve the physiological hypoxia of flowers in time. For flowers that have been rooted for 3-5 days, it is advisable to change the nutrient solution once every 7 days at most. When replacing nutrient solution, pay attention to the temperature difference between the new solution and the original solution, which may cause physiological disorder of flower root system. When changing the liquid, wash the root system patiently with clear water, remove dead roots and rotten roots, cut the old roots short and grow new ones. If the nutrient solution suddenly becomes turbid or there are mosquito eggs, it should be replaced with a new nutrient solution immediately.
2. As long as the root system is clear and intact and the nutrient solution is thorough, hydroponic flowers can be oxygenated by vibration. The operation method is to hold the flowers in one hand and shake the vessel 10 times with the other hand, and the dissolved oxygen content of the nutrient solution after shaking can be increased by more than 30%. For hydroponic flowers with turbid nutrient solution and poor root system development, it is not appropriate to adopt the method of vibration oxygenation, and all nutrient solutions must be replaced.
3. Inflate the container. If there is a tank of ornamental fish next to the hydroponic flowers, you can use the oxygen rod of the fish tank to inflate the container.
3. Where should the hydroponic flowers be placed in summer?
The flowers used in hydroponics are mostly shade-tolerant flowers and flowers with both leaves and leaves. If taro, white jade evergreen, silver bud taro, candle, pineapple, etc. These flowers are warm, slightly shade-tolerant, and avoid high temperature and dry heat. Hydroponics only changes the cultivation form, and it is impossible to change its growth habits, which requires environmental factors. In summer, it is best to place hydroponic flowers in a bright, slightly higher humidity, cooler and well-ventilated environment. Avoid direct sunlight, but don't be too cool, so as not to hinder the photosynthesis of flowers, weaken their growth, make the stems longer and the leaves thinner. The flower leaves with colored blocks and patterns have lost their luster.
4. Can hydroponic flowers be put in an air-conditioned room?
Of course. However, hydroponic flowers should not be placed directly at the air outlet of air conditioning. If the wind speed is too fast, the branches and leaves will be hurt, and the leaves will curl or wither. It should also be taken into account that the temperature of flowers is required to be higher during the day than at night. If the air conditioner is turned off at night, the ambient temperature is higher than the daytime temperature when the air conditioner is turned on, which is unfavorable for the growth of hydroponic flowers. When the air conditioner is turned on, put a pot of water next to the flowers or spray it on the leaves to increase the humidity of the environment. The flowers are placed far away from the air outlet of the air conditioner, so there is no problem that the temperature difference between day and night is not big.
5. What about hydroponic flowers and rotten roots?
With the continuous increase of temperature, the water temperature will also increase, microbial reproduction will accelerate, dissolved oxygen will decrease, and water quality will become worse. Improper addition of nutrient solution and high dissolution concentration may cause root rot of hydroponic flowers, especially pig's feet, horsetail (Millennium chrysanthemum) and five-color Millennium chrysanthemum of Liliaceae. The following methods can be used to restore the growth of flowers with rotten roots: a. Remove all rotten roots, and if the stems have been infected, cut off the infected parts with a sharp knife. B. Soak the trimmed flowers in 0.5% potassium permanganate solution 10-20min for sterilization. C, taking out the soaked flowers and washing them in running water. D put the washed flowers into the original vessel and plant them with clear water (the vessel should be cleaned). E, change the water once every 1-2 days, and only change the fresh water without changing the nutrient solution. The water quality is clear, which can reduce the number of water changes. After 10- 15 days of maintenance, new roots can sprout. F, the newly sprouted new roots are still cultivated with clear water, and when the temperature is stable at 18-25 degrees, they are cultivated with nutrient solution.
6. What should I do if the nutrient solution breeds algae?
Algae propagation in nutrient solution is a common phenomenon in the process of hydroponic flower cultivation. Especially in summer, the temperature is high, the transparency of utensils is good, and the environment is bright. Or it takes too long to replace the nutrient solution, which will lead to a large number of algae. Algae flowers carry oxygen, and secretions pollute the solution, which reduces the quality of nutrient solution. Algae attached to the roots of flowers hinder the respiration of roots and interfere with the normal physiological activities of flowers, which is extremely harmful. Once the nutrient solution breeds algae, decisively dump the contaminated solution, thoroughly clean the utensils, brush off the algae attached to the flower roots and replace it with a new nutrient solution.
7. What fertilizer is used for hydroponic flowers? How to fertilize in summer?
Hydroponics is a special cultivation form, which belongs to soilless culture. The roots of flowers are anchored in water (or special plant nutrient solution), which is also called nutrient solution cultivation.
Hydroponic flowers should be cultivated with plant nutrient solution. However, different flowers need different nutrients at different growth stages. If five bottles, six bottles or even a dozen bottles of different varieties of hydroponic flowers are planted at the same time, it is unrealistic to buy a bottle of plant nutrient solution for each flower. Simply put, you can choose to use general plant nutrient solution.
Generally, plant nutrient solution generally contains all nutrient elements (including macro elements and trace elements) necessary for flower growth. The proportion of each element is balanced, the inorganic salt is ionic, the application range is wide, it is suitable for the needs of different flower varieties in the growth period, and it is non-toxic and harmless, and its pH value and ion concentration are beneficial to nutrient absorption. There are many kinds of plant nutrient solutions sold in the market. It is best to go to hydroponic flower shop to buy products with good reputation from manufacturers.
There are different opinions on whether to cultivate with nutrient solution or only with clear water in summer. According to the author's experience, flowers with high temperature resistance and vigorous growth should be cultivated with nutrient solution; Flowers with slender roots, semi-dormancy and dormancy at 30℃ are cultivated only with clear water. Such as silver-bracted taro, green radish, small turtle back bamboo, ruby, taro and so on. It is suitable to cultivate with nutrient solution to maintain the growth advantage and improve the ornamental grade. Flowers such as colored grass, bamboo begonia and pineapple can spend the summer safely with a bottle of clear water.
The proportion of nutrient solution should strictly follow the instructions, and the concentration should not be increased at will. Because the root tissue structure of flowers germinated by hydroponics has changed, it is looser and larger than that of soil culture. The cell wall becomes thinner and absorbs water, nutrients and oxygen directly from the nutrient solution, which is extremely sensitive to the concentration of the nutrient solution. Too high concentration is harmful to flowers. As long as the concentration of major elements is not lower than 1 liter, the lower concentration is beneficial to the growth of flowers. It is advisable to change the nutrient solution every five days in summer.
Eight, can you change the flowers planted in the soil into hydroponic flowers in summer?
It is most suitable to change soil-cultured flowers into hydroponic flowers in spring and autumn, when the temperature is around 15 ~ 25℃, which is suitable for flower growth and easy to adapt to the changing cultivation environment. The following factors should be considered to change the cultivation form of summer flowers: ① Choose the quality close to the relationship between wet flowers. ② Flowers that still grow normally and develop well when the temperature is around 30℃. The experiment proved that the survival rate of Araceae taro, tortoise plastron, ruby taro, Hulk, green radish and some bromeliad flowers increased after changing from soil culture to hydroponics in summer. They quickly adapted to hydroponics, and their roots rarely rotted. After 15 ~ 20 days of culture, not only lateral roots grow on the old roots, but also rhizome tips can germinate and take root. When changing from soil culture to hydroponics, the soil in the flower rhizosphere should be removed. Rinse repeatedly to protect the root system from damage or less damage, take a large-capacity vessel for cultivation, change the water once a day, and change the water once every 2-3 days after five days until the water roots grow to 5 cm long, and cultivate with low-concentration plant nutrient solution.
How do family plants and flowers pay attention to feng shui?
The indoor functions of Feng Shui plants and flowers can not only adjust microclimate, reduce molecular oxygen and increase oxygen, but also take medicine, dust, absorb radioactive substances and ionizing radiation, purify air and suppress noise. However, the theory of greening geomantic omen is: there are trees in towns and villages, Jews have clothes, and thin people are afraid of the cold. Too thick, bitter and hot. In this sense, Yin and Yang should be neutralized. What trees should be planted around the house and yard? What is not suitable? Proprietary discussion on geomantic omen: planting peach willow (Yima) in the east, elm tree in the west, plum jujube (Niu Yi) in the south and apricot tree in the north. Each tree has its own house, the bamboo forests around the haunted house are lush and rich, the main trees in the atrium are classified, and auspicious dates are planted on the doors; Planting trees in the courtyard is more leisurely and sleepy, and planting trees in the courtyard is the main disaster. There are locusts in the door, Fu Gui III; There are elms behind the house, and ghosts are not close. There are apricots in the east, plums in the north and peaches in the west.
Auspicious feng shui plants:
In the application of geomantic omen, geomantic omen plants are often used as evil spirits, and different geomantic omen plants have different meanings.
Oranges "orange" and "auspicious" are homophonic, and potted oranges have become the decoration of people's families during the Spring Festival.
Reineckea carnea is small, green all year round, easy to grow in mud and water, symbolizing "good luck", also known as Cao Rui.
Toona sinensis is easy to grow and has a long life. The custom of touching Toona sinensis is prevalent in some places. On New Year's Eve, children should touch the Chinese Toona tree for several turns, praying to grow up quickly. Sophora japonica stands for "Lu" The ancient imperial court planted three kinds of Sophora japonica with nine thorns, and officials and doctors sat below, facing the three kinds of Sophora japonica, which was convenient for future generations to plant Sophora japonica in the courtyard. Ganoderma lucidum has been regarded as an auspicious omen since ancient times. In auspicious pictures, Ganoderma lucidum is often held in the mouth of deer or crane as a birthday present. The five petals of plum blossom are considered as five auspicious gods, so there is a picture of "Mei Kai Five Blessingg".
Generally speaking, it is more appropriate to have evergreen and rich bamboo, an industrious feng shui plant; Yellow feng shui plants and climbing vines will only bring disappointment, failure and frustration to the house. In ancient China, climbing vines only grew outdoors and indoors, which meant making money and prosperity. Indoor feng shui plants are all bamboo and wood that grow upwards. However, the climbing plants of geomantic omen are not suitable for indoor planting, which represents a tortuous, right and wrong, unclear dispute. Scientifically speaking, feng shui plants belong to wood, which is the only element in the five elements of "gold, wood, water, fire and earth" that can change from small to large, and has the meaning of endless life and longevity, so many people also use it to compare "long" and "long". Because of "aquatic wood" and "water is wealth" in the five elements, Mu also means "wealth is for use", because he is just a miser who has money but doesn't use it. Only by using money reasonably can he have material enjoyment. "Making money from wealth" has endless financial resources.