Basic medical courses. In the two-year study of basic courses, the most important subjects are anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, pathology and pharmacology, and they are also the most difficult subjects, and they are the subjects with the largest number of "failed" in the exam, so we must focus on overcoming them. For the study of anatomy, in addition to endorsement, we should also emphasize practical classes. The anatomical practice of nursing specialty is limited to reading specimens. A good anatomy practice class is not only for practicing exams, but also very effective for helping to understand the knowledge in books. Once the concept of physical objects is established, it becomes much easier to understand some structures and functions. If anatomy class is to learn the human body structure in a healthy state, then pathology class is to learn the human body structure in a disease state. These two courses complement each other. If you learn the normal state well, it will be easy to distinguish what is the pathological state, understand the pathological state and deepen your understanding of the normal state. The study of pathology class is similar to anatomy class, which involves memorizing a lot of awkward terms, understanding the manifestations of many diseases, and knowing organs in many disease states, remembering more, seeing more and doing more. Physiology class mainly explains some functions of human body. The human body has many subtle and magical functions, such as material and energy metabolism of cells, blood circulation, nerve conduction and so on. They are all so exquisite and amazing. However, it is still not easy to learn. Because all the processes are invisible and can only be imagined. The function of the human body is quite wonderful, and many mechanisms have not been clearly studied. We can only infer what it is, or there are many popular explanations for a phenomenon, which undoubtedly increases the difficulty of learning. Biochemistry is the first course of Beijing Medical University, which is famous for its difficult content and strict examination. Biochemistry mainly introduces the metabolic process of some substances and energy in the human body, and remembers many extremely complicated chemical symbols. A reaction usually involves a dozen or twenty substances, and it is very difficult to remember the organs and conditions that occur at each step. You can compose some songs to help you remember. For example, when memorizing eight essential amino acids, the prefix method can be used to put the prefixes of eight amino acids together to form a relatively easy-to-remember sentence: "One or two pigments are lighter" (isoleucine, leucine, tryptophan, threonine, phenylalanine, lysine, methionine and valine), so that eight unrelated and difficult-to-remember nouns can be easily integrated and remembered well. The last class, pharmacology, is also a headache. Because the names of drugs are all translated in foreign languages, they are just the accumulation of meaningless uncommon words, which are long and difficult, difficult to recite and easy to confuse. But the content of this course is very systematic and organized, with no trivial knowledge points. Taking adverse drug reactions as an example, it is pointed out that adverse reactions include side effects, toxic reactions and allergic reactions. It means "adverse or even harmful reactions to the human body that have nothing to do with the purpose of medication". In various theories, every drug or even every drug has its adverse reactions. For example, beta blockers can inhibit the heart, slow down the heart rate and slow down conduction. If these effects meet the therapeutic purpose, they are therapeutic; If it does not meet the purpose of medication, it will become an adverse reaction that is unfavorable to the user. Specialized nursing courses. After entering the nursing college, I will learn interesting and practical courses such as Chinese medicine, etiquette, ethics, beauty and plastic surgery. For example, Chinese medicine will learn many health-preserving concepts, meridians and acupoints, massage techniques, acupuncture, simple Chinese medicine formulas and so on. These contents can not only be taught to patients clinically, but also benefit themselves for life. For example, when a cold is blocked, pressing the windward points on both sides of the nose will effectively relieve the symptoms of nasal congestion; During dysmenorrhea, pressing or acupuncture at Hegu point in Hukou can also relieve the pain quickly. This knowledge is very practical, and we can operate it on the spot even if we feel a little uncomfortable, which is simple and effective. Etiquette class will introduce classic business etiquette, how to treat people appropriately, standing and sitting posture, gfd decoration and so on. Courses are not limited to classroom teaching, but also include a large number of practical classes. Students are divided into groups or role-playing exercises. For example, when walking in a medicine pusher, you need to keep your upper body straight, hold your head up and hold your chest up, and tuck in your abdomen. Put your arms shoulder-width apart on both sides of the medicine pusher, and keep your toes straight forward. The stride is small and even, and the pace is slightly faster. When you meet a difficult patient, you should first explain it to the patient calmly and politely. If it can't be solved, find a leader to deal with it in time. The principle is not to quarrel with patients. Looking for a leader to deal with it here is actually not shirking responsibility, but a skill. First, set aside a period of time for patients to calm down; Secondly, leadership will make patients feel valued, re-examine their own behavior, and better alleviate contradictions from the purpose of solving problems. These courses are practical and interesting. No one has ever skipped class, and the final exam is not difficult for everyone. Can easily pass, so it is a rare high-quality course that satisfies students during college. In addition to the relatively easy courses mentioned above, important courses such as basic nursing, internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics and gynecological nursing offered by nursing colleges are actually the same as basic medical courses, which makes people dare not neglect them at all. The basis of nursing is a course combining theory with practice. From how to receive patients at admission, how to fill in various forms, how to write nursing medical records, to various nursing operations that patients may perform during hospitalization: emergency care, blood transfusion, bed making, nasal feeding, oral care and so on. For newly admitted patients, it involves how to communicate with patients and establish a good nurse-patient relationship. In the process of communication, 35% belongs to verbal communication and 65% belongs to non-verbal communication. It can be seen that the role of verbal communication in information transmission is not as great as we thought. Non-verbal communication includes body language, expression, tone and speed of speech. Touching is a very good way of caring. When the patient is in physical and psychological pain, patting her shoulder and shaking her hand properly will have unexpected effects. In addition, how to establish a good nurse-patient relationship and what kind of nurse-patient relationship is also skillful. It doesn't mean that you can be called an excellent nurse by preparing everything for the patient and meeting the patient's requirements as much as possible. When the patient can't take care of himself at all, he should really try his best to help, but as long as the patient still has a certain ability to take care of himself, he should fully mobilize his enthusiasm, exercise his ability, tap his potential, and don't form the habit of relying on others. The main purpose of nursing is to make patients get rid of nursing, return to society and improve their quality of life. Women and children's internal and external nursing, these four courses will have a chance of clinical practice once a week. The general content is to visit and study in the ward in the morning to see the workflow of doctors and nurses, the ward environment and the clinical manifestations of various diseases. For particularly typical or rare cases, we should actively communicate with patients and complete a nursing medical record; In the afternoon, we should get together to discuss the cases consulted in the morning and put forward appropriate nursing plans and measures. The content of nursing is also very practical. For example, surgical nursing mainly introduces the nursing of patients with surgery and trauma. Nursing care of surgical patients includes preoperative care, postoperative care and discharge guidance. For example, the common postoperative symptoms of surgical patients include pain, fever, nausea and vomiting, abdominal distension, hiccups and urinary retention. Pain is not only pain, but also affects the physiological functions of various organs, and there are great differences among individuals, and everyone's tolerance to pain is different. Therefore, nurses can't judge the pain degree of another patient according to the experience of other patients, but should comprehensively evaluate the pain degree of the patient according to the patient's feelings, expressions, activities, sleep and diet, and give drugs to relieve the pain reasonably. After operation, the patients' families are more concerned about how to eat and exercise. The basic principle is that patients without digestive tract surgery can start eating about 6 hours after spinal anesthesia, if there is no other discomfort; Patients undergoing digestive tract surgery should fast for 48-72 hours after operation, and then gradually restore their diet according to the patient's condition, and be careful not to eat foods that are easy to produce gas, such as sugar, milk and bean products, so as not to affect wound healing. Patients and non-braked patients are encouraged to get out of bed early after operation. According to the severity and tolerance of the patient's illness, bed exercise should be started step by step, such as 1-2 days after operation, including deep breathing, limb joint flexion and extension, turning over, etc. Try to get out of bed on the 3 rd to 4 th day after operation, and gradually increase the amount of exercise from bedside activities. Clinical practice. Clinical practice includes one and a half years of nursing practice and six months of medical practice. Nursing practice is to follow nurses and teachers in various departments, and medical practice is to follow doctors and teachers to become doctors. Clinical practice should first be responsible for patients. In a hospital, you have to face patients, not data or machines, but life, so be careful in any operation. A problem is a big problem, which is too big for you to bear and will bring pain to patients and their families. Be sure to follow the operating procedures, such as "three checks and seven pairs" during infusion. Three examinations include: preoperative examination, intraoperative examination and postoperative examination; Seven pairs include: bed number, name, drug name, dosage, time, concentration and method. Second, you are responsible for yourself. Hospital is a high-risk environment, and it is exposed to much more highly pathogenic bacteria than ordinary people. Therefore, we must know how to protect ourselves, strictly abide by the various protection systems formulated by the hospital, especially needles and blood products, and be more careful. In addition to being responsible for your health, you should also be responsible for your studies. Clinical teachers are very busy and there are many students, so it is impossible to always want to teach you knowledge. You can only pay more attention to yourself, study more, read more, do more and ask more questions, and contact theory in time. When you see an unfamiliar disease or operation in the outpatient clinic during the day, you can come back at night to look up books and find out the ins and outs, which is very helpful for understanding and accumulating knowledge.