It is a plastic measure to change the growth direction and angle of branches, aiming at adjusting the top advantage and changing the crown structure. There are bending branches, bending branches, pulling branches, lifting branches and other forms. , usually combined with pruning in the growing season, as well as bending, binding or erecting, supporting branches and other technical measures. Vertical induction can enhance the growth potential; Horizontal induction has moderate inhibitory effect, which makes the tissue full and easy to form flower buds; However, downward buckling and induction have a strong inhibitory effect, but the upper part of the branch back is easy to sprout strong new buds, which should be pulled out in time to avoid counterproductive.
(6) Others
1. The measures of removing the core and growth parts from the top of new shoots weaken the top advantage of branches, change the transport direction of nutrients, and are beneficial to flower bud differentiation and flowering and fruiting. Removing the terminal bud can promote the germination of lateral buds, thus increasing branches, which is beneficial to the early formation of crown. Picking the heart in time in autumn can enrich the development of branches and buds and improve the cold resistance.
2. Erasing the redundant buds on the branches can improve the nutritional status of the remaining buds and enhance their growth potential. For example, if the hidden buds sprouted on the trunk of street trees are wiped off every summer, on the one hand, the trunk of street trees can be straightened; On the other hand, it can reduce unnecessary nutrient consumption and ensure the healthy growth and development of trees.
3. The main function of picking leaves (beating leaves) is to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions in the crown, improve the ornamental value of fruit trees, prevent the branches and leaves from being too dense, reduce pests and diseases, and promote flowers at the same time. For example, flowering shrubs such as cloves, forsythia, plum blossoms, etc. Remove half of the leaves in mid-August and all the remaining leaves in early September. Under the condition of strengthening fertilizer and water management, it can promote its second flowering during the National Day. Red maple leaf picking measures in summer can induce red leaf regeneration and enhance the landscape effect.
4. Remove tillers (also called sprouting tillers), and garden trees that are easy to take root and tiller, such as plum blossom and rose, should remove sprouting tillers at any time during the growing season, so as not to disturb the tree shape and reduce the ineffective consumption of nutrients in the tree. When grafting propagation trees, the sprouting tillers on the trees should be removed in time to prevent them from interfering with the tree properties and affecting the normal growth of the scion crown.
5. Bud picking is essentially an early flower and fruit thinning measure, which can effectively adjust the amount of flowers and fruits and improve the quality of flowers and fruits. For example, the hybrid perfume rose usually removes the lateral buds before flowering, so that the main buds can get enough nutrition and produce beautiful and plump flowers; When collecting roses, it is often necessary to remove too dense side buds or small buds, so that the flowering period is concentrated, the flowers are large and tidy, and the ornamental effect is enhanced.
6. Picking young fruits can reduce nutrient consumption, regulate hormone levels, enrich branch growth, and facilitate flower bud differentiation. By cultivating tree species such as Lagerstroemia indica and removing young fruits, the flowering period can be extended from 25 days to about 100 days. After lilacs bloom, young fruits need to be picked if they are not for seed collection, so that they can bloom again next year.
7. In order to improve the survival rate, root cutting is often carried out 1 ~ 2 years before transplantation, which makes the root system retract and stimulates the generation of new fibrous roots, which is beneficial to transplantation. For aging trees, cutting off the roots of trees in a certain range combined with root cutting measures has the function of promoting new roots and rejuvenating.
8. Putting vegetative branches without cutting is called putting, also called long putting or throwing, which is suitable for medium-growing branches. Long branches with more buds and more branches can relieve tree vigor and promote flower bud differentiation. This measure is often applied to clustered shrubs, such as forsythia suspensa, where 3-4 long branches are often thrown above the crown to form a natural and elegant tree shape, and the long branches sway with the wind, which has excellent ornamental effect.