Shanghai Xinke Hospital Rheumatology Department 021灬523灬582灬08

Eat directly: clean it, then cut off five pieces with a knife (or six) hard edges, note that you only need to trim off the thinner hard edges, and then cut into thin five-pointed star slices with a knife, and you are ready to eat.

2. Stewed carambolas with egg and milk: Both eggs and milk have good beauty effects, and carambola is also very nutritious, so this stew is very suitable for skin care and beauty, and the preparation is not easy. Very complicated.

3. Carambola carambola: Carambolas can also be drawn into carambola. The star shape is wrapped in the crisp pulp of the carambola, which looks crystal clear in the sun.

4. Carambola buns: The way to eat this kind of carambolas is very special, and the cooking method is relatively sophisticated.

5. Carambola tea: Carambolas can not only be made into various delicacies, but can also be used to make tea.

6. Starfish and Carambola Lean Meat Soup: Carambola can also be used as a dish on the dining table, which is very tonic.

Put it in a cool place to slow down the seedlings. [4]

Pour out the soil and change the pot

The nutrients in the pot soil are gradually washed away by frequent watering. After 2 to 3 years, the fertility in the pot soil will be insufficient. When the physical structure deteriorates, the pot needs to be replaced in time and new culture soil added. Stop watering before pouring the pot to allow the soil to shrink and separate from the pot walls so that the pot soil can be poured out. After the soil ball is turned upside down, cut off the 2 to 3 cm thick old roots around the pot soil, mix the organic fertilizer with the soil, sieve and fill the bottom. Then put the soil ball in the pot, fill it with fertilizer around it, and water it once to make it watery. Because the root system of plum bonsai grows quickly, the roots will curl along the pot wall after 1 to 2 years. The roots are intertwined and the old roots are densely packed, which affects the growth of new roots. Therefore, when changing pots, cut off the curly root system and thin out overcrowded old roots to facilitate the growth of new roots and improve their ability to absorb water and nutrients. [4]

Pruning

The tree shape of plum bonsai should not only be conducive to fruiting, but also have aesthetic effects and improve its ornamental value. It is usually in the shape of natural round head or tower shape. Mainly, it can also be shaped into a favorite tree shape according to personal preferences, such as cliff style, curved trunk style, etc. After potting, in 1 to 2 years, measures such as support, pulling, and separation should be fully used to open the branch angle to achieve early fruiting. [4]

When pruning, focus on moderately shortening annual branches to stimulate branch germination and form a compact, small-crown tree shape. In young plum trees, while selecting and cultivating the main and side branches to complete the shaping task, the tree should be well balanced and the master-slave relationship of the backbone branches at all levels should be maintained. The backbone branches that grow too strong should be pruned appropriately. The first-fruiting tree mainly bears short fruit branches and bouquet-shaped fruit. After fruiting, 2 to 3 full buds at the base can be cut again depending on the strength of their growth. Overly long branches can be reduced to biennial branches, so that the distribution of medium and small branch groups in the entire crown is compact. [4]

Overwintering and cold protection

In the absence of freezing damage in winter, it is generally not suitable to overwinter indoors. Let the tree naturally overwinter and hibernate outdoors to improve the tree's resistance to various natural disasters. ability. To prevent freezing damage, you can choose a sunny day to water the soil once before it freezes. After the water seeps out, wrap the entire container with a straw bag and tie it tightly with a rope. You can also dig a trench and bury it in the leeward and sunny place. [4]

Field management

Expand the pit and improve the soil, plow deeply and apply heavy fertilizer. The principle of top dressing should be applied frequently and lightly and frequently at the tip. Fertilizer should be thinned first and then thickened, and the dosage should increase as the tree expands. Pay attention to shaping and controlling the shoots to cultivate a high-yielding tree. Summer pruning mainly involves topping or short-cutting the long branches, and thinning out the long branches sprouting from the main trunk and main branches. , winter pruning is mainly to cut off dead branches, diseased branches, and drooping branches. [2]

Fertilizer and water management

After the seedlings are planted and survived, shallow ditches of 20 cm wide and 5 cm deep are made between the rows to create terraces. The terrace ditches are used for drainage and irrigation in summer. , for fertilizing. Fertilize every 10 days in the early growth stage, apply 25 kg of ammonium bicarbonate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate per mu from the germination to flowering stage, and apply 25 kg of urea, diammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate per mu from the young fruit stage to the mature stage. After the fruit is harvested, fertilize the ground in a timely manner during the vegetative growth period. Apply 100 kilograms of ammonium bicarbonate or 50 kilograms of urea per mu. Organic fertilizers are applied in ditches or tree trays in September every year, mainly decomposed chicken manure and pen manure. High-quality fertilizers are applied per mu. 3000 kg of crude fertilizer, 30 kg of diammonium phosphate, 30 kg of potassium sulfate, and 30 kg of urea. Irrigate once after each fertilization. During the entire production process, in addition to watering after fertilization, water is added once or twice according to soil moisture. After watering, cultivating and loosening the soil are carried out at any time. [2]

Temperature and humidity control

1. Temperature control, the dormancy period of plums is 40 days to 50 days, and requires a low temperature of 0℃~7℃ for 1000~1500 hours, 11 Plums fall into forced dormancy at the beginning of the month to meet their cooling needs and then warm up. Temperature control after heating is achieved by opening and closing the vents and adjusting the size of the ventilation belt. The temperature control indicators for each phenological stage of the facility plum growing season are: the daytime temperature from the beginning of warming to the early flowering period is 13℃~15℃, and the nighttime temperature is 3℃~5℃; the daytime temperature during the flowering period is adjusted to 18℃~20℃, and the maximum cannot exceed 22℃. The temperature at night ranges from 6℃ to

yuan. Of course, AMD boxed products are also full of fakes, especially Sempron 250 and E6 300.

Due to the limited craftsmanship of unscrupulous merchants, although fake packaging has become a small-scale industry, it is still impossible to meet the standards of genuine packaging boxes in the printing and production of packaging boxes. Therefore, we can start with the printing of packaging boxes. , identify true and false.

Take AMD's packaging box as an example. The unopened packaging box has a label attached. If there is no such label, it must be a fake. This label is also an entry point for identifying the authenticity of the packaging box. As you can see from the picture, the authentic label is engraved with a cross-shaped cut mark by a machine. After being torn off, the label will be damaged and become invalid. The fake packaging box also has this label, and it also has this "X"-shaped cut mark. However, please note that the authentic "X"-shaped cut marks are not connected in the middle, and the length and depth of the cut marks are not the same. Very uniform, and the labels of fake products are often cut by counterfeiters themselves with a blade. If consumers find that the "cross"-shaped cuts are of different lengths and connected together in the middle, they can be sure that they are fake. People have tampered with it.

In addition, because this method of identification is very simple, some unscrupulous merchants try to make things worse by pasting new serial numbers on the packaging boxes. The number to identify the authenticity must also be distinguished from the printing. The serial number barcode of regular products uses dot matrix inkjet coding, the writing is clear, and you can clearly see that the numbers are composed of "dots". The counterfeit barcodes are commonly printed, the handwriting is blurry and sticky, and the fonts used are also different. If you find that the printing of the barcode is too poor and the handwriting is blurry, it is best not to buy it.

Look at the fan

This method is mainly for Intel processors. After opening the package of the CPU, you can check the anti-counterfeiting label in the middle of the original fan. The anti-counterfeiting label of the real Intel boxed CPU is Three-dimensional anti-counterfeiting, in addition to the changes in the underlying pattern, a three-dimensional "Intel" logo will also appear. As for the fake boxed CPU, its anti-counterfeiting mark only changes the underlying pattern, without the "Intel" logo, and the heat sink is very sparse.

Contains an enzyme that can break down protein.

As a fresh food, pineapple has golden color, rich fragrance, sweet and sour taste, crisp and juicy. In addition to being eaten fresh, pineapple fruit is often used for canning. It is widely loved because it can maintain its original flavor. The processed product canned pineapple is known as the "international canned fruit" and can also be made into a variety of processed products, which are widely welcomed by consumers.

Pineapple, like some fruits, can make some people allergic to it. The allergic reaction can occur as quickly as 15 minutes. Such symptoms are called "pineapple disease" or "pineapple poisoning". For example, abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, skin flushing, itching all over the body, numbness of limbs and mouth and tongue, and severe allergic reactions.

The source of seedling seeds is very important, and the seeds should come from fine varieties ( Common cherimoya) with high yield, large and well-shaped fruits on high-quality mother plants. It is best to use artificially pollinated fruits of the same variety. Harvest the seeds when the fruit is fully mature, the fruit is light green and yellow, and the sutures between the small fruits are obvious. As a grafting rootstock culture, seed collection can reduce the requirements. After taking out the seeds, wash them, remove unsolid and small seeds, dry them and then sow them. For example, stored custard apple seeds should be sun-dried before sowing to promote germination. Soak the seeds with 200ppm gibberellin for 24-36 hours before sowing to promote early germination. The seedbed is preferably fertile sandy loam, and add well-rotted organic fertilizer and shake it evenly. The width of the furrow should be determined to facilitate field operations. Drill sowing or broadcast sowing can be used, and the seeding rate is 7-8 kilograms per mu. After sowing, cover with fine sand or fine soil, compact it slightly and then soak with water, then cover with grass or plastic agricultural film to retain moisture. After the seedlings emerge, remove the straw or plastic agricultural film to avoid bending the seedlings. Pay attention to water and fertilizer management during the seedling stage, generally watering once every 3-4 days, and once a day during drought. Top dressing can be started after 6-8 leaves are reached to facilitate the cultivation of strong seedlings. [3]

Grafting

Ordinary custard apples are generally used as rootstocks for grafting and raising cherimoya seedlings. Such rootstocks have the characteristics of good affinity, dwarfed tree shape and early production date. Grafting can only be carried out when the thickness of the rootstock reaches about 0.8 cm. Grafting time: Branch grafting is generally done in spring, while bud grafting is better in summer and autumn. Winter grafting generally cannot survive. The scions of cherimoya are selected from the outer branches of the mother tree of a strong, disease-free and pest-free variety. After the scions are harvested, the leaves are cut off, leaving a 0.3-0.5 cm long petiole to reduce water evaporation. This method is suitable for the sap flowing period during the growing season so that the rootstock can peel off the bark.

When planting custard apple, seedlings should be grafted with ordinary custard apple as rootstock. The best planting time is in spring, especially before planting, which has the highest survival rate. It can also be planted during the rainy season from June to July, but attention should be paid to drainage. The roots of the cherimoya should not accumulate water. It is best to grade the seedlings when planting. Seedlings transferred from other places need to be soaked in water for 3-5 hours before planting. After that, put the seedlings into a hole 20-30 cm deep. In water-deficient mountainous areas, it can be deepened by 10 cm to allow the roots to stretch. Fill the soil while lifting the seedlings and make a solid base. After planting, make a tree tray around it and use straw. Wait for the mulch to cover and water enough to set the roots. [4]

Fertilizer

The principle of fertilizing cherimoya is to scientifically apply fertilizer according to the size of the tree and different growth stages, mainly using organic fertilizers, and a combination of organic fertilizers and inorganic fertilizers. carry out and gradually move closer to green agriculture.

Generally, fertilizer is applied three times a year. The first time is before and after pruning in winter, combined with deep plowing of the soil and clearing the garden. The application is mainly organic fertilizer. Dig deeply and put it deeply. Apply all the fertilizer again. Apply all organic fertilizer throughout the year. 80% phosphate fertilizer and 20% nitrogen and potassium fertilizer; the second time is during the young fruit period after the summer fruit blooms (May-June), apply 35% of the annual total nitrogen fertilizer, 10% phosphorus fertilizer and 20% potassium fertilizer; the third time During the winter fruiting period (September-October), 35% of the total nitrogen fertilizer, 10% of phosphorus fertilizer and 35% of potassium fertilizer should be applied. When applying, trenches should generally be dug and filled, and should not be spread. The trenches can be dug in strips, rings, semi-rings, radials, etc. And depending on the condition of the tree, extra-root top-dressing can also be carried out. Extra-root top-dressing is also a limited way to supplement the nutrition of the fruit and the tree.

The flower and fruit setting period refers to the period from the first inflorescence budding to the fruit setting. This stage is the transition period for tomatoes from mainly vegetative growth to equal development of reproductive growth and vegetative growth, which is directly related to the formation of product organs and yield;

Selection of timing

Guizhou For early-maturing cultivation in the southeastern region, sowing and raising seedlings are carried out in mid-to-late November, for mid-to-late December cultivation in other places, and for late-autumn cultivation in mid-to-late May.

Soil

Tomatoes can tolerate drought, but not waterlogging, and their soil requirements are not very strict. In order to obtain high yields, you need to choose soil with deep soil layers, loose and fertile soil, and strong water and fertility retention. .

Fertilization

Plow deeply and rake finely, then open it into a box with a width of 80 cm and a height of 16-24 cm. The width of the box trench is 33 cm, and 2 rows are planted in each box. When fertilizing, the reasonable mixing ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1:1:2. Apply 3000-5000 kilograms of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu, 25 kilograms of superphosphate and 20 kilograms of potassium fertilizer (or 80 kilograms of plant ash).

Appropriate top dressing during the growth period of tomatoes. Do not apply nitrogen fertilizers in preference, but must be combined with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Generally, seedling fertilizer is applied after planting to slow down the seedlings to promote the growth of stems and leaves. After the first ear of fruit begins to expand, a second top dressing is performed to promote fruit enlargement. Medium and late-maturing varieties need to be topdressed 3-4 times after the first and second ears of fruit are harvested. During the growth period of the fruit, use 1.5% superphosphate or 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution for foliar top dressing, which will help the fruit mature and increase yield. After planting and slowing down the seedlings, it is necessary to cultivate and maintain moisture. During the flowering period of the first inflorescence, irrigation should be controlled to prevent flower and fruit drop due to excessive growth of stems and leaves. After the first ear of fruit sets, the plant needs more water and should be irrigated in time. Pay attention to drainage during rainy season.

Colonization

Timely planting and reasonable density planting: early-maturing cultivation in spring protected areas should be carried out from late February to early March to catch the cold tail and warm head weather; open-field mulching cultivation should be carried out on March 20 Left and right, grab cold tail and warm head weather for planting. The planting density is about 3,000 plants per acre for early-maturing varieties with multi-stem pruning row spacing of 50 × 30 cm; for mid- and late-maturing varieties, about 3,500 plants per acre are used for single-stem pruning; and about 2,000 plants per acre are used for double-stem pruning.

Pruning

Pruning, framing and tying vines: Set up a "herringbone" shaped frame after the first fruit is set. There are two main ways of pruning. One is to leave only the main trunk and remove all side branches (it is advisable to remove the side branches when they grow to 4-7 cm), which is called single-stem pruning; the other is to leave only the main trunk and the first inflorescence. The lower lateral branches and all the remaining lateral branches are removed, which is called double-stem pruning. No matter which pruning method is used, pay attention to tying the vines in time.

Preserve flowers

To prevent flowers and fruits from falling, you can soak or apply 10-20ppm 2,4-D liquid during the flowering period, or spray the flowers with 20-30ppm Tomato Spirit. In the middle and late stages of plant growth, the lower old leaves can also be appropriately removed to reduce nutrient consumption and improve ventilation and light transmission; unlimited growth varieties should be topped in time after 4-5 sets of fruit to increase the fruit setting rate and promote fruit maturity. [

Symptom identification: Tomato late blight, also known as tomato blight, is the most common and most harmful disease on tomatoes. The disease is caused by fungi and mainly damages leaves and fruits, but also stems and petioles. The disease can occur from the seedling stage to the adult plant stage. When infected at the seedling stage, the lesions spread from the main stem of the leaves, the young stems shrink and rot, the branches and leaves above the diseased part die, and a white mold layer forms on the surface of the diseased part when the humidity is high.

Pattern of onset: The disease likes high temperature and high humidity environments, with the optimal temperature being 18-25°C and a relative humidity above 95%. The optimum susceptible growth period is from the adult plant stage to the fruit setting stage, and the incubation period for the disease is 3-5 days. The disease is more severe in years with frequent rainy days, and fields with low-lying terrain and poor drainage are more seriously affected. Fields with overly dense planting, poor ventilation and light transmission, and improper fertilizer and water management are more susceptible to disease.

Prevention and treatment methods:

< p>① Crop rotation: implement crop rotation with non-Solanaceae crops for more than 3 years;

② Remove diseased residues, remove diseased leaves and fruits in a timely manner during the disease season and bury them deeply, and promptly remove diseased residues after harvest;< /p>

③Cultivation prevention and control: Strengthen field management, improve plant disease resistance, watering is easy to carry out on sunny days, and prevent flood irrigation.

After irrigation in protected land cultivation, air and moisture should be released in a timely manner, dense planting should be done reasonably, branches should be pruned and forked in a timely manner, old leaves at the lower part of the plants should be removed, ventilation and light transmission conditions should be improved, and the amount of air release should be increased while ensuring humidity;

④Pharmaceuticals Prevention and treatment: In the early stage of the disease, start spraying with 72% downy mildew wettable powder diluted 800-1000 times, spray once every 7-10 days, 3-4 times in a row

Prevention and treatment methods: At present In the absence of an ideal control agent for tomato bacterial wilt, the following aspects of prevention and control should be addressed:

① Select and breed disease-resistant and high-yielding varieties according to local conditions;

② Carry out crop rotation in severely diseased areas and seriously diseased fields, preferably with rice and rice;

③ Strengthen fertilizer and water management. Improve the drainage and irrigation system, cultivate high borders and deep ditches, and prevent flooding and cross-irrigation;

④Intensify inspections starting from the early fruiting period. Once diseased plants are found, they will be pulled out immediately, and the diseased holes and

use them for collection and burning. Method (5 photos)

Eat directly: clean, then use a knife to cut off five (or six) hard edges. Note that only the thinner hard edges need to be cut off, and then cut into pieces with a knife. Thin five-pointed star slices are ready to eat.

2. Stewed carambolas with egg and milk: Both eggs and milk have good beauty effects, and carambola is also very nutritious, so this stew is very suitable for skin care and beauty, and the preparation is not easy. Very complicated.

3. Carambola carambola: Carambolas can also be drawn into carambola. The star shape is wrapped in the crisp pulp of the carambola, which looks crystal clear in the sun.

4. Carambola buns: The way to eat this kind of carambolas is very special, and the cooking method is relatively sophisticated.

5. Carambolas tea: Carambolas can not only be made into various delicacies, but can also be used to make tea.

6. Starfish and Carambola Lean Meat Soup: Carambola can also be used as a dish on the dining table, which is very tonic.

Put it in a cool place to slow down the seedlings. [4]

Pour out the soil and change the pot

The nutrients in the pot soil are gradually washed away by frequent watering. After 2 to 3 years, the fertility in the pot soil will be insufficient. When the physical structure deteriorates, the pot needs to be replaced in time and new culture soil added. Stop watering before pouring the pot to allow the soil to shrink and separate from the pot walls so that the pot soil can be poured out. After the soil ball is turned upside down, cut off the 2 to 3 cm thick old roots around the pot soil, mix the organic fertilizer with the soil, sieve and fill the bottom. Then put the soil ball in the pot, fill it with fertilizer around it, and water it once to make it watery. Because the root system of plum bonsai grows quickly, the roots will curl along the pot wall after 1 to 2 years. The roots are intertwined and the old roots are densely packed, which affects the growth of new roots. Therefore, when changing pots, cut off the curly root system and thin out overcrowded old roots to facilitate the growth of new roots and improve their ability to absorb water and nutrients. [4]

Pruning

The tree shape of plum bonsai should not only be conducive to fruiting, but also have aesthetic effects and improve its ornamental value. It is usually in the shape of a natural round head or a tower. Mainly, it can also be shaped into a favorite tree shape according to personal preferences, such as cliff style, curved trunk style, etc. After potting, in 1 to 2 years, measures such as support, pulling, and separation should be fully used to open the branch angle to achieve early fruiting. [4]

When pruning, focus on appropriately shortening annual branches to stimulate branch germination and form a small crown tree shape with compact fruit. In young plum trees, while selecting and cultivating the main and side branches to complete the shaping task, the tree should be well balanced and the master-slave relationship of the backbone branches at all levels should be maintained. The backbone branches that grow too strong should be pruned appropriately. The first-fruiting tree mainly bears short fruit branches and bouquet-shaped fruit. After fruiting, 2 to 3 full buds at the base can be cut again depending on the strength of their growth. Overly long branches can be reduced to biennial branches, so that the distribution of medium and small branch groups in the entire crown is compact. [4]

Overwintering and cold protection

In the absence of freezing damage in winter, it is generally not suitable to overwinter indoors. Let the tree naturally overwinter and hibernate outdoors to improve the tree's resistance to various natural disasters. ability. In order to prevent frost damage, you can choose a sunny day to water the soil once before it freezes. After the water seeps out, wrap the entire container with a straw bag and tie it tightly with a rope. You can also dig a trench in the leeward and sunny place and bury it. [4]

Field management

Expand the pit and improve the soil, plow deeply and apply heavy fertilizer. The principle of top dressing should be applied frequently and lightly and frequently at the tip. Fertilizer should be thinned first and then thickened, and the dosage should increase as the tree expands. Pay attention to shaping and controlling the shoots to cultivate a high-yielding tree. Summer pruning mainly involves topping or short-cutting the long branches, and thinning out the long branches sprouting from the main trunk and main branches. , winter pruning is mainly to cut off dead branches, diseased branches, and drooping branches. [2]

Fertilizer and water management

After the seedlings are planted and survive, a shallow ditch of 20 cm wide and 5 cm deep is opened between the rows to create a platform field. The platform field ditch is used for drainage and irrigation in summer. , for fertilizing. Fertilizer should be applied every 10 days in the early growth stage, 25 kg each of ammonium bicarbonate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate should be applied per mu from the germination to flowering stage, and 25 kg each of urea, diammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate should be applied per mu from the young fruit stage to the mature stage. After the fruit is harvested, fertilize the ground in a timely manner during the vegetative growth period. Apply 100 kilograms of ammonium bicarbonate or 50 kilograms of urea per mu. Organic fertilizers are applied in ditches or tree trays in September every year, mainly decomposed chicken manure and pen manure. High-quality fertilizers are applied per mu. 3000 kg of crude fertilizer, 30 kg of diammonium phosphate, 30 kg of potassium sulfate, and 30 kg of urea. Irrigate once after each fertilization. During the entire production process, in addition to watering after fertilization, water is added once or twice according to the soil moisture. After watering, cultivating and loosening the soil are carried out at any time.

[2]

Temperature and humidity control

1. Temperature control, the dormancy period of plums is 40 days to 50 days, and requires a low temperature of 0℃~7℃ for 1000~1500 hours, 11 At the beginning of the month, plums undergo forced dormancy after falling leaves to meet their cooling needs and then warm up. Temperature control after heating is achieved by opening and closing the vents and adjusting the size of the ventilation belt. The temperature control indicators for each phenological stage of the facility plum growing season are: from the beginning of warming to the early flowering period, the daytime temperature is 13°C~15°C, and at night 3°C~5°C; during the flowering period, the daytime temperature is adjusted to 18°C~20°C, and the maximum cannot exceed 22°C. The temperature at night ranges from 6℃ to

yuan. Of course, AMD boxed products are also full of fakes, especially Sempron 250 and E6 300. Due to the limited craftsmanship of unscrupulous merchants, although fake packaging has become a small-scale industry, it is still impossible to meet the standards of genuine packaging boxes in the printing and production of packaging boxes. Therefore, we can start with the printing of packaging boxes. , identify true and false.

Take AMD's packaging box as an example. The unopened packaging box has a label attached. If there is no such label, it must be a fake. This label is also an entry point for identifying the authenticity of the packaging box. As you can see from the picture, the authentic label is engraved with a cross-shaped cut mark by a machine. After being torn off, the label will be damaged and become invalid. The fake packaging box also has this label, and it also has this "X"-shaped cut mark. However, please note that the authentic "X"-shaped cut marks are not connected in the middle, and the length and depth of the cut marks are not the same. Very uniform, and the labels of fake products are often cut by counterfeiters themselves with a blade. If consumers find that the "cross"-shaped cuts are of different lengths and connected in the middle, they can be sure that they are fake. People have tampered with it.

In addition, because this method of identification is very simple, some unscrupulous merchants try to make things worse by pasting new serial numbers on the packaging boxes. The number to identify the authenticity must also be distinguished from the printing. The serial number barcode of regular products uses dot matrix inkjet coding, the writing is clear, and you can clearly see that the numbers are composed of "dots". The counterfeit barcodes are commonly printed, the handwriting is blurry and sticky, and the fonts used are also different. If you find that the printing of the barcode is too poor and the handwriting is blurry, it is best not to buy it.

Look at the fan

This method is mainly for Intel processors. After opening the package of the CPU, you can check the anti-counterfeiting label in the middle of the original fan. The anti-counterfeiting label of the real Intel boxed CPU is Three-dimensional anti-counterfeiting, in addition to the changes in the underlying pattern, a three-dimensional "Intel" logo will also appear. As for the fake boxed CPU, its anti-counterfeiting mark only changes the underlying pattern, without the "Intel" logo, and the heat sink is very sparse.

Contains an enzyme that can break down protein.

As a fresh food, pineapple has golden color, rich fragrance, sweet and sour taste, crisp and juicy. In addition to being eaten fresh, pineapple fruit is often used for canning. It is widely loved because it can maintain its original flavor. The processed product canned pineapple is known as the "international canned fruit" and can also be made into a variety of processed products, which are widely welcomed by consumers.

Pineapple, like some fruits, can make some people allergic to it. The allergic reaction can occur as quickly as 15 minutes. Such symptoms are called "pineapple disease" or "pineapple poisoning". For example, abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, skin flushing, itching all over the body, numbness of limbs and mouth and tongue, and severe allergic reactions.

The source of seedling seeds is very important, and the seeds should come from fine varieties ( Common cherimoya) with high yield, large and well-shaped fruits on high-quality mother plants. It is best to use artificially pollinated fruits of the same variety. Harvest the seeds when the fruit is fully mature, the fruit is light green and yellow, and the sutures between the small fruits are obvious. As a grafting rootstock culture, seed collection can reduce the requirements. After taking out the seeds, wash them, remove unsolid and small seeds, dry them and then sow them. For example, stored custard apple seeds should be sun-dried before sowing to promote germination. Soak the seeds with 200ppm gibberellin for 24-36 hours before sowing to promote early germination. The seedbed is preferably fertile sandy loam, and well-rotted organic fertilizer should be applied and shaken evenly. The width of the furrow should be determined to facilitate field operations. Drill sowing or broadcasting can be used, and the seeding rate is 7-8 kilograms per mu. After sowing, cover with fine sand or fine soil, compact it slightly and then soak with water, then cover with grass or plastic agricultural film to retain moisture. After the seedlings emerge, remove the straw or plastic agricultural film to avoid bending the seedlings. Pay attention to water and fertilizer management during the seedling stage, generally watering once every 3-4 days, and once a day during drought. Top dressing can be started after 6-8 leaves are reached to facilitate the cultivation of strong seedlings. [3]

Grafting

Ordinary custard apples are generally used as rootstocks for grafting and raising cherimoya seedlings. Such rootstocks have the characteristics of good affinity, dwarfed tree shape and early production date. Grafting can only be carried out when the thickness of the rootstock reaches about 0.8 cm. Grafting time: Branch grafting is generally done in spring, while bud grafting is better in summer and autumn. Winter grafting generally cannot survive. The scions of cherimoya are selected from the outer branches of the mother tree of a strong, disease-free and pest-free variety. After the scions are harvested, the leaves are cut off, leaving a 0.3-0.5 cm long petiole to reduce water evaporation. This method is suitable for the sap flowing period during the growing season so that the rootstock can peel off the bark.

When planting custard apple, seedlings should be grafted with ordinary custard apple as rootstock. The best planting time is in spring, especially before planting, which has the highest survival rate. It can also be planted during the rainy season from June to July, but attention should be paid to drainage. The roots of the cherimoya should not accumulate water. It is best to grade the seedlings when planting. Seedlings transferred from other places need to be soaked in water for 3-5 hours before planting. After that, put the seedlings into a hole 20-30 cm deep. In water-deficient mountainous areas, it can be deepened by 10 cm to allow the roots to stretch. Fill the soil while lifting the seedlings and make a solid base. After planting, make a tree tray around it and use straw. Wait for the mulch to cover and water enough to set the roots. [4]

Fertilizer

The principle of fertilizing cherimoya is to scientifically apply fertilizer according to the size of the tree and different growth stages, mainly using organic fertilizers, and a combination of organic fertilizers and inorganic fertilizers. carry out and gradually move closer to green agriculture. Generally, fertilizer is applied three times a year. The first time is before and after pruning in winter, combined with deep plowing of the soil and clearing the garden. The application is mainly organic fertilizer. Dig deeply and put it deeply. Apply all the fertilizer again. Apply all organic fertilizer throughout the year. 80% phosphate fertilizer and 20% nitrogen and potassium fertilizer; the second time is during the young fruit period after the summer fruit blooms (May-June), apply 35% of the annual total nitrogen fertilizer, 10% phosphorus fertilizer and 20% potassium fertilizer; the third time During the winter fruiting period (September-October), 35% of the total nitrogen fertilizer, 10% of phosphorus fertilizer and 35% of potassium fertilizer should be applied. When applying, trenches should generally be dug and filled, and should not be spread. The trenches can be dug in strips, rings, semi-rings, radials, etc. And depending on the condition of the tree, extra-root top-dressing can also be carried out. Extra-root top-dressing is also a limited way to supplement the nutrition of the fruit and the tree.

The flower and fruit setting period refers to the period from the first inflorescence budding to the fruit setting. This stage is the transition period for tomatoes from mainly vegetative growth to equal development of reproductive growth and vegetative growth, which is directly related to the formation of product organs and yield;

Selection of timing

Guizhou For early-maturing cultivation in the southeastern region, sowing and raising seedlings are carried out in mid-to-late November, for mid-to-late December cultivation in other places, and for late-autumn cultivation in mid-to-late May.

Soil

Tomatoes can tolerate drought, but not waterlogging, and their soil requirements are not very strict. In order to obtain high yields, you need to choose soil with deep soil layers, loose and fertile soil, and strong water and fertility retention. .

Fertilization

Plow deeply and rake finely, then open it into a box with a width of 80 cm and a height of 16-24 cm. The width of the box trench is 33 cm, and 2 rows are planted in each box. When fertilizing, the reasonable mixing ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1:1:2. Apply 3000-5000 kilograms of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu, 25 kilograms of superphosphate and 20 kilograms of potassium fertilizer (or 80 kilograms of plant ash).

Appropriate top dressing during the growth period of tomatoes. Do not apply nitrogen fertilizers in preference, but must be combined with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Generally, seedling fertilizer is applied after planting to slow down the seedlings to promote the growth of stems and leaves. After the first ear of fruit begins to expand, a second top dressing is performed to promote fruit enlargement. Medium and late-maturing varieties need to be topdressed 3-4 times after the first and second ears of fruit are harvested. During the growth period of the fruit, use 1.5% superphosphate or 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution for foliar top dressing, which will help the fruit mature and increase yield. After planting and slow seedlings, it is necessary to cultivate and maintain moisture. During the first inflorescence blooming period, irrigation should be controlled to prevent flower and fruit drop due to excessive growth of stems and leaves. After the first ear of fruit is set, the plant needs more water and should be irrigated in time. Pay attention to drainage during rainy season.

Colonization

Timely planting and reasonable density planting: early-maturing cultivation in spring protected areas should be carried out from late February to early March to catch the cold tail and warm head weather; open-field mulching cultivation should be carried out on March 20 Left and right, grab cold tail and warm head weather for planting. The planting density is about 3,000 plants per acre for early-maturing varieties with multi-stem pruning row spacing of 50 × 30 cm; for mid- and late-maturing varieties, about 3,500 plants per acre are used for single-stem pruning; and about 2,000 plants per acre are used for double-stem pruning.

Pruning

Pruning, framing, and tying vines: Set up a "herringbone" shaped frame after the first fruit is set. There are two main ways of pruning. One is to leave only the main trunk and remove all side branches (it is advisable to remove the side branches when they grow to 4-7 cm), which is called single-stem pruning; the other is to leave only the main trunk and the first inflorescence. The lower lateral branches and all the remaining lateral branches are removed, which is called double-stem pruning. No matter which pruning method is used, pay attention to tying the vines in time.

Preserve flowers

To prevent flowers and fruits from falling, you can soak or apply 10-20ppm 2,4-D liquid during the flowering period, or spray the flowers with 20-30ppm Tomato Spirit. During the middle and late stages of plant growth, the lower old leaves can also be appropriately removed to reduce nutrient consumption and improve ventilation and light transmission; unlimited growth varieties should be topped in time after 4-5 sets of fruit to increase the fruit setting rate and promote fruit maturity. [

Symptom identification: Tomato late blight, also known as tomato blight, is the most common and most harmful disease on tomatoes. The disease is caused by fungi and mainly damages leaves and fruits, but also stems and petioles. The disease can occur from the seedling stage to the adult plant stage. When infected at the seedling stage, the lesions spread from the main stem of the leaves, the young stems shrink and rot, and the branches and leaves above the diseased part die. When the humidity is high, a white mold layer forms on the surface of the diseased part.

Incidence pattern: The disease likes high temperature and high humidity environments, with the optimal temperature being 18-25°C and a relative humidity above 95%. The optimum susceptible growth period is from the adult plant stage to the fruit setting stage, and the incubation period for the disease is 3-5 days.

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