2 1 soil tillage
Potted Dutch iron can be mixed with garden soil, humus soil and river sand as culture soil. grow
Keep the basin soil moist for a long time to avoid excessive watering, causing water accumulation and rotting roots. It has strong vitality and does not need high fertilizer. It is enough to apply liquid fertilizer 3-2 times a month during the vigorous growth period. The growth of iron-bearing needs sufficient sunshine, and it can grow in all seasons except hot summer. It likes the sun and bears the shade, and can adapt to different lighting environments. However, it should not be shaded too much, otherwise the new leaves that grow out are often not easy to age and turn yellow, or cause excessive growth and drooping leaves. Dutch iron is prone to leaf spot under high temperature and high humidity. When it is tough, the edge of the pointed leaves is dark brown spots, and when it is serious, it spreads to most leaves, so it should be prevented in time. The medicine should be 800- 1000 times that of chlorothalonil.
3 2 growth
The growth rate of iron is average, and the requirements for temperature are wide. The optimum growth temperature is between 15-30℃, and it should be kept above 2℃ in winter, so it is not resistant to severe cold.
In the growing season, it is necessary to maintain a certain air humidity, for example, when the temperature is 20℃, the humidity is about 50%, and when the temperature is about 30℃, the humidity needs to be adjusted to about 70% to maintain a good growth momentum.
4 3 acid
Iron loading has strong adaptability and is not strict with soil. The loose, fertile and slightly acidic soil with good drainage grows best. It can be mixed with loam and river sand with high humus content under pine and cypress forests, and can also be mixed with humus and river sand.
In the process of cultivation, some ferrous sulfate or fruit acid can be added to ensure that the PH value of the soil is suitable, slightly acidic and suitable for its normal growth.
5 4 disinfection
Reusable old pots must be soaked in potassium permanganate solution (sterilized and available in pharmacies, about 1000 yuan) for more than half an hour, then washed with clear water and dried for later use.
Sift the seedlings into the cup, don't plant them too deeply, and it is best to flatten the base of the plant; The matrix has moderate elasticity and is filled to the cup for 9 minutes.
6.5 copy method
Generally, cuttage propagation takes the family as the unit, combined with pruning, which can be carried out from April to August every year and indoors all year round, but the temperature should be kept between 20-30℃ to facilitate the growth of new roots. It is best to break the pile type by hand, take off the lower 1/2-2/3 blades, and insert them directly into clean river sand for water permeability and temporary protection from light; After short cutting, the whole company should also remove leaves first, and then cut into clean river sand to make it permeable. After that, keep the air humidity at about 70%, and grow new roots and become new plants after one month.
Dutch iron is often propagated by cutting. Cuttings can be carried out throughout the growing season, but spring and autumn are better. When cutting, cut off 10-30 cm buds, wait until the wound is slightly dry and the base is stained with yellow mud, and then cut into clean river sand to take root in about one month. You can also cut off a stem segment 30-40cm long, disinfect the wound with bactericide, dip it in yellow mud, lie on a sand bed, and cover it with sand 1/2-2/3 to germinate the hidden buds of the stem segment; Or seal the top of the stem segment with paraffin wax and insert it into the sand bed to make the hidden buds on it germinate one after another. When the bud is longer than 10 cm, cut it off and cut it off.
Is Dutch iron poisonous?
Dutch iron is not poisonous. Iron is not only non-toxic, but also a green plant beneficial to human body. Iron-bearing has a strong adsorption capacity for harmful gases, especially harmful gases such as carbon dioxide, hydrogen fluoride, chlorine gas and ammonia gas. According to this advantage, Dutch iron can be used as a plant for fresh air. Putting some Dutch iron in home decoration can purify indoor air.
Dutch iron can be placed in the bedroom, as small and medium-sized potted plants, arranged in conference rooms, halls, corridors and other places to create a solemn atmosphere; Potted seedlings are also very popular on bookshelves and desks. But also can absorb all kinds of harmful.
Matters needing attention
Dutch iron anthracnose 1, symptoms
The disease mainly infects the tip and edge of leaves, and its pathological characteristics are similar to leaf spot. At the early stage of the disease, moist brown spots appear, and sometimes pink mucus appears, that is, sterile nuclei and conidia of the bacteria. After the development and spread, the lesion was semicircular or irregular oval, reddish purple or dark brown, and the center was light brown or gray with a slight depression. After the onset, it gradually expanded, with wheel marks around it, brown, and the focus gradually narrowed and dried up. Black particles were scattered on the scene. When the disease is serious, the whole leaf turns yellow and withered.
2. Pathogens
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides belongs to Hemiptera subfamily fungi. Sexual periphyton is a kind of fungi belonging to Ascomycetes subfamily. The pathogen acervulus was born under the epidermis of leaves. After breaking through the epidermis, it is exposed. No petals gather or disperse, arranged in concentric circles; Acer has brown bristles, conidia are cylindrical, both ends are blunt and round, single cell and colorless.
3. Occurrence regularity
The pathogen overwinters on the diseased remains with sterile hairs and hyphae. Conidia produced in the following year are mainly infected and reinfected by spraying and sputtering. Conidia formed after severe lesions and re-infected, which led to the continuous development of the disease. In the hot and rainy season, the growth potential is weak and it is easy to get sick.
4, prevention and control methods
① Apply more organic fertilizer, drain water in time to prevent water retention, and apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. (2) Prune diseased branches and leaves in time, remove diseased bodies, and concentrate on deep burial or incineration. ③ Conidia are not prevented, and 29% sulfur mixture 100-200 times solution or 30% suspending agent 400- 1000 times solution of basic copper sulfate (used before the onset), 27% cupric chloride 500-800 times solution and 4% nongkang 120 water solution are used for continuous infection.
Dutch iron is not poisonous.