However, in recent years, with the acceleration of urban construction, the expansion of urban construction scale, and people's pursuit of high speed and high efficiency, garden and green space projects are often constructed out of season, and some tree species also need to be planted out of season. Peony has always been loved by landscape designers. As early as the spring of 2006, ditan park, Beijing transplanted 3,000 peony plants from Heze City, Shandong Province to Beijing, and the survival rate and flowering rate of transplantation were above 95%. The breakthrough of peony transplanting technology has changed the history of peony transplanting in autumn. As long as the peony seedlings are correctly selected, strictly protected during transportation and carefully managed after transplanting, it is completely feasible to transplant peony in spring.
Off-season transplanting of peony
1, preparation before transplantation
Because peony is a flower bud differentiation plant in spring, branching or transplanting peony in spring will destroy its fleshy root system, make it difficult to supply nutrients, destroy the normal nutritional balance in plants, thus affecting flower bud differentiation, resulting in undifferentiated or incomplete flower buds, making it difficult to bloom. Therefore, the anti-season transplanting of peony should also be carried out when the flower bud of the plant has completely differentiated and the bud has formed.
2, the choice of peony
Peony transplanting in spring is different from autumn, so we should choose peony seedlings with strong plants, no pests and diseases and developed roots. Except for a few varieties with poor branching ability and underdeveloped roots, most varieties with developed roots can be transplanted in spring.
3, seedling requirements
When peony is transplanted out of season, soil balls should be kept to prolong root water supply. The diameter of the soil ball should be between 40 cm and 50 cm. This can effectively improve the survival rate.
4. Bagging measures
In order to ensure that peony seedlings can reach their destination safely and completely, the method of covering the roots with straw can be used to protect branches and seedlings, so as to reduce water evaporation, keep water and breathe freely, avoid root dryness and improve the survival rate of transplanting.
Step 5 plant
Peony seedlings should be planted as soon as possible after they are transported to their destination. When planting, the straw packaging should be removed, and the soil balls and peony should be placed in the dug pit, with the row spacing of about 50cm*60cm. If it can't be planted immediately, peony seedlings should be stored in a ventilated place, and clear water should be sprayed on the leaves in time according to local weather conditions.
6. Maintenance management after planting
After planting, in order to ensure the survival rate and flowering rate of peony transplantation, new soil buds and redundant buds should be subtracted in time. It is advisable to leave one bud per flower branch.
7. Water
After bud removal and planting, the first water should be poured immediately, the second water can be poured after 2-3 weeks, and the third water can be poured in early June. Then you can stop watering. It is expected that July and August will come, and peony should take good drainage measures.
8. cool down in the shade
In areas with dry climate and high temperature, shading net 1 month can be used to make peony leaves transpiration and prolong flowering period. After a month, you can take off the sunshade net when you see the fibrous roots grow out.
9, pest control
In August and September, in order to prevent the occurrence of mold, 50% carbendazim 800 times solution was used alternately once every 10 day.
10, autumn management
After entering 1 1 month, cultivate soil at the root of peony to prevent cold, and pour frozen water at the end of 1 1.
1 1, management in the second year
In the spring of the following year, the most important thing is to thin branches in early spring. Cut off weak and diseased branches, leave 3-5 strong branches for 5 plants, remove some buds from new buds, and leave one bud for each branch. After flowering, topdressing once every 0/5 days, and normal management can be carried out.
When will the peony be transplanted? If this peony is dormant in winter, it can still blossom after transplantation. Peony may have problems in summer in the south. Don't water it when it is hot, and don't water it when the soil is dry. Just water it once a week, not much, just the size of mineral water! The doctrine is to water at night when the temperature is slightly lower. Peony will be roasted alive when watered at high temperature.
Peony was once regarded as the national flower of China when it bloomed in the late Qing Dynasty. Peony is also known as the second of the top ten famous flowers in China. It is a rare woody flower unique to China, with thousands of years of natural growth and 1500 years of artificial cultivation history. Peony flowers are colorful, jade smiling pearls are fragrant, romantic and elegant, and are known as "the king of flowers". Do you know how long Peony has lived in bloom? Introduction to Peony Flowers Peony flowers have a single top, 5 petals, or double petals, rose, reddish purple, pink to white, which usually change greatly. Filaments are purple and pink, and the white on them is subject to the number of petals. Traditionally, flowers are divided into single petals, double petals and thousand petals. In these three categories, according to the morphological characteristics of flowers, there are six flower types: sunflower, lotus, rose, hemisphere, crown and hydrangea. This classification method intuitively reflects the various forms of flowers. Peony flowers are colorful and varied. Some varieties have complete floral organs, with normal sepals, stamens and pistils, such as "lotus" and "Fengdanbai", but some varieties have petals or degenerate to form colorful flowers. When do peony flowers bloom? Peony flowers are rich in color and gorgeous, and the flowering period is mainly concentrated in May every year. However, in recent years, with the continuous improvement of gardening technology, the opening time of peony flowers has also changed, but natural peony flowers still bloom in May. When peony flowers are in full bloom, the colors are very rich, among which yellow, green, fleshy red, crimson red and silvery red peony flowers are the top grades, especially yellow and green peony flowers are the most precious. Peony flower has a great fragrance and is known as the national beauty and fragrance. There are many patterns and varieties. According to the number of petals, peony flowers can be traditionally divided into three types: single petal, double petal and thousand petal. How long is the peony flowering period? Peony usually blooms from mid-April to early May in spring, and the specific time is also related to the weather changes of that year. It may be earlier or later, but the difference will not be too long. Luoyang is still holding a peony flower show in April 10-May10, but it is best to see it in April. There will be peony flowers of various varieties and colors. Because peony flowers are beautiful in pattern, colorful and noble in atmosphere, painters and poets in ancient and modern times often take peony as their subject matter. For example, in the Tang Dynasty, Pei Kui's Chang 'an cherished spring, striving to open purple peony first, and Yuan Zhen's cherishing color, making Zhu Lan prosperous for years, and Bai Juyi's running to see peony and listening to Qin Zheng are all poems praising the quality of peony. Cultivation techniques of peony flowers: the soil should be loose, fertile, neutral and slightly alkaline. Cut off the roots and diseased roots of the planted peony seedlings and put them in a pot or pit prepared in advance. The root system should be stretched, and most parts of the basin or pit should be gently lifted and shaken when filling, and the soil should be sealed tightly, and the root system should be slightly lower than the basin surface or ground level. Water: water once after planting. Peony should not accumulate water, so it should be watered as appropriate during the growing period. In the arid areas of northern China, water before flowering, water after flowering and frozen water are generally used for irrigation. For the convenience of management, potted plants can be cut off and buried underground after flowering. Fertilization: After planting for one year, fertilization in autumn is feasible, mainly with decomposed organic fertilizer. It can be combined with loosening soil, smearing and acupoint application. Chemical fertilizer is often applied in spring and summer, and it is combined with watering before and after flowering. Potting can be combined with watering and applying liquid fertilizer. Pruning: in the same year of planting, multiple rows of stubble should be leveled. After germination in spring, leave about 5 branches, wipe off the rest, concentrate nutrition, and make the flowers in the next year big and bright. Combine autumn and winter to clear the garden, cut the stems, and be thin without flowers. When carrying a flowerpot, trim it into your favorite shape as needed. Intertillage: intertillage in time during the growing season, remove weeds and pay attention to the occurrence of pests and diseases. In autumn and winter, the peony plots for more than two years should be ploughed. Change pots: When potted peony grows to three or four years, it needs to be changed into a big pot with new fertile soil or planted separately in autumn. Spraying: Spraying the mixture of sulfur and stone before germination in early spring, and using the mixture of insecticide and bactericide in summer, once every two weeks as appropriate. Combined with fertilization, chemical fertilizers and growth regulators should be added. Flower forcing: In order to increase festivals or celebrations, peony can be heated about 50 days in advance according to the variety, and the temperature is controlled at room temperature 10-25℃, with an average of 15℃ per day. Pay attention to keep the plants moist in the early stage, pay attention to ventilation and light transmission after budding, and control the temperature according to the requirements of flowering period after budding. Foliar fertilization should be done at ordinary times to ensure adequate water supply. So you can see flowers at any time in winter and spring. Ornamental: The natural flowering period of single tree peony is about 10- 15 days, which is shortened with the increase of temperature and lasts for 3-8c. Temporary scaffolding can be used to block the wind and light, extending the viewing time; When potted, it should be moved to a place out of direct sunlight, the temperature is 5- 10C, and the environment is ventilated and transparent. Water according to the appearance and humidity of potted soil, and don't spray flowers, so that the flowering period is the longest. When flowers need to be cut, the wound should be cut or scalded with water. Preservatives or a little sugar should be added to the water of flower arrangement to prolong the flowering time of flower arrangement.
When to plant peony flowers is "planting peony at the vernal equinox, it will not bloom when it is old" (the planting period is from mid to late September10); The second is "four suitability and four fear" (that is, it is appropriate to be cold and afraid of freezing, warm and afraid of heat, light and shade, dry and afraid of wet).
Dry sunny sandy loam with deep soil layer and good drainage is suitable for planting, while saline-alkali land, clay land or plots with high groundwater level are not suitable for planting. 4 ~ 5 years can't use the land; If it is newly reclaimed land, it is often turned about 60 cm deep and completely weathered, and 45,000 to 60,000 kilograms of organic fertilizer is applied per hectare. When preparing the soil, the ridge with the width of1.5m should be prepared, which is turtle-backed, and the drainage of the ditch must be smooth.
The cultivation methods include seed propagation, ramet propagation and grafting.
Seed propagation: the propagation coefficient is large, but the seedling formation time is long, which can not maintain the excellent characteristics of the parents.
1. Seedling raising, peony seeds can be treated with 1% gibberellin for 48 hours, or the hypocotyl dormancy can be released at a low temperature of about 5℃, and seedlings will be unearthed in the next spring after sowing. According to the row spacing of 20 cm, the spacing between plants is 6 cm, the soil is about 3 cm, and the boundary is covered with grass.
2. Transplanting, two years after sowing, raising seedlings, and removing sick plants, especially those with root-knot nematodes. Select seedlings in two levels according to the size, each seedling requires 3-4 branches, and the excessively long roots should be cut to the depth of the hole, and planted at a row spacing of 30 cm, with 65,438+0-2 plants per hole, and the roots should be stretched. Cover the terminal bud with about 3 cm of soil.
3. Direct seeding and seedling transplanting are generally used in production. In recent years, direct seeding has been used in some places, and the spacing between plants is the same as seedling transplanting. The advantage is that the rhizome is long and straight, so better yield can be obtained.
Propagation by ramets: select healthy mother plants of 4-5 years old, dig the whole plant when harvesting, cut off the big and middle roots for medicine, cut off 2-4 plants from places where ramets are easy to divide, and transplant them at 9- 1 1 month. Better plant it early. Before planting, dig the soil 60 cm deep, apply 90,000 Jin of base fertilizer per hectare, furrow and divide ridges, plant spacing 25 cm× 35 cm, plant obliquely in each hole 1 plant, and cover the soil 3 ~ 4 cm.
Grafting: this method can maintain the excellent characters of the mother plant, but the propagation coefficient is small. In autumn, select 5-6-year-old rootstocks with a length of 15cm and a diameter of 2-3cm, dig out the rootstocks, put them in the shade for 2-3 days, and use them after softening. The scion should be full-grown, smooth branches with short internodes, with 1 ~ 2 full buds. After the rootstock and scion cambium are closely combined, they are bound with hemp skin and other things.
Attention should be paid to field management: weeding in intertillage, preventing root damage and cultivating soil in winter are beneficial to root growth; Fertilize, when transplanting, apply full fertilizer or manure, especially in autumn, and prevent leaf fouling when fertilizing; Pick flowers. Every spring, it is picked after the buds appear. Except for special purposes such as seed storage and flower sales. Plastic pruning, including fixing stem, removing soil buds and picking buds.
When do peony flowers bloom? Peony is cold-resistant and not high-temperature-resistant. In East China and Central China, you can spend the winter in the open air. When the temperature reaches 4℃, the bud begins to expand gradually. Suitable temperature: 16~20℃, no flowering below 16℃. When the weather is hot in summer, plants are in a semi-dormant state.
Peony usually blooms in late April and around Grain Rain. Jiangnan will be 5-7 days ahead of schedule and Northeast will be 3-5 days behind schedule. But now the level of flower breeding technology has improved, and peony can be opened from New Year's Day to National Day by using flowering regulation technology. But the best viewing period of Luoyang peony is from March to May Day every year.
There will be an exhibition of peony flowers in mid-April.
But now the climate is abnormal.
Peony flowers usually bloom before the flower show.
So I suggest that it is better to see peony flowers in early April.
When will the peony be divided into pots? Generally speaking, it is necessary to change pots when flowers are full, otherwise it is unnecessary. Branching is mostly carried out during the period from "autumn equinox" to "cold dew". When branching, 4-5-year-old peony trees can be dug out, and the attached soil can be removed to dehydrate and soften the roots for 1-2 days. According to the natural growth potential, they can be divided into several trees from the roots (in Wuhuatou), each tree needs some fine roots, and the plants with large plants and many buds can be branched. Prune old branches according to the number of buds on Wuhuatou. The old branches with 2 ~ 3 buds are 10 cm, and the old branches with 5 ~ 7 buds are 5 ~ 7 cm. Only one bud cannot be pruned. After pruning, the roots should also be pruned, and the thick roots and middle roots should be cut off (peony bark is used for medicinal processing), and the small roots or fine roots should be left. If there are few small roots and fine roots, the thick roots can be kept or not cut. If a diseased plant is found, it can be planted after soaking the roots with drugs. My family used to raise peony once every two years ~! ~
Be careful not to hurt the roots when dividing plants, and put them in the shade for two days after changing pots. When changing pots, the subsoil should be fertilized. As the old saying goes: clear peony muddy peony, peony should be fertilized less on weekdays, but the base fertilizer must be applied. Otherwise, the fertility can't keep up and the color is not bright.
When will the peony blossom? When will the peony blossom?
Time, of course.
May every year.
By June. flower
The cycle is basically half a month.
To a month or so.