Hard branch grafting hard branch:
Choose 2 ~ 4 main lateral vines for each grape, cut off or saw off the smooth and straight part near the ground, peel off the old warped skin, and flatten the sawed part with a knife to facilitate healing. Then put the branch knife vertically in the middle of the section, and beat the back of the knife with a hammer to make the split mouth about 4cm deep. After splitting the interface, insert the cut scion so that its thick surface is outward and its thin surface is inward, close to the split side of the rootstock, and align the scion with the rootstock forming layer.
The time of hard branch grafting is 15~ 20 days before the bleeding period of local grapes. When grafting, the interface and scion should be tied tightly and wrapped tightly, only the bud eyes of the scion are exposed. Due to the low temperature in early spring, transparent plastic bags were put on immediately after grafting to keep warm. Cut the cut branches into wedges with a section length of 3 ~ 4 cm. One side of the wedge is slightly thicker, the other side is slightly thinner, and the buds remain on the thick side. If the thickness of scion is equal to that of rootstock, it can be cut into wedge-shaped inclined planes with the same thickness inside and outside.
Green branch rootstock grafting:
Leave 4-5 leaves on the rootstock and cut them off with sharp scissors. The cutting position is just before and after semi-lignification, and it is best to be smooth and burr-free. Find or cut the scion with the same thickness as the rootstock, and split the rootstock from the middle pith with a grafting knife or a utility knife, which is slightly shorter than the scion. The method of grafting hard branch with green branch rootstock is basically the same as that of green branch splitting, except that the hard branch scion is split on the green branch with leaves.
Green branch grafting is also called branch-to-branch grafting:
Green branch grafting is recommended after June. After selecting the branches, cut the scion with a special grafting knife or artistic knife, and obliquely cut 30 at a distance of 3 cm from the bud eye, with no burrs as far as possible to ensure smooth edges. On the other hand, the other side is also cut to the bottom and cut into wedges.
Wrap the joint tightly with plastic strips, then wrap the scion and grafting part with plastic bags, and tie them tightly to keep moisture. About half a month, after sprouting and growing leaves, the bag mouth can be gradually opened and ventilated until it is taken out. However, the binding of grafting part should not be untied too early, but should be untied when it affects the growth of branches and vines.
Extended data:
Matters needing attention in grape grafting
First, when grafting, the knife for cutting branches must be fast, the cutting action should be light, and the cambium should be aligned.
Second, the grafted scion must be fresh. During the whole process from collection to grafting, the lower end of the scion should always be immersed in cold water. After grafting, it should be tied with plastic straps. Action should be light, not extravagant.
Third, remember to water the grapes once after grafting, which can improve the survival rate of grapes, especially in June and July, when the weather is hot, irrigation can make the vines mature well, but you can't water them too much, and you should drain them in rainy days.
References:
China Agricultural Network-Grape Grafting