Basic photonics
① Quantum optics. Research fields include quantum noise of light field, momentum transfer in the interaction between light field and matter, cavity quantum electrodynamics and so on. Such as optical squeezed states, atomic cooling and trapping.
② Optical quantum information science. Research fields include quantum computer, quantum cryptography, quantum communication, quantum detection, preparation and operation of quantum states, etc.
③ Molecular photonics. Including the basic and applied research of quantum electrodynamics effect in confined cavities (quantum wells, quantum dots, etc.). ), the study of photophysical processes in molecular optics, the enhancement effect of optical quantum transport at organic and inorganic interfaces, and the application of near-field optics in molecular optics.
④ Ultrafast photonics. It mainly includes the generation and application of femtosecond optical pulses, ultrafast process and ultrafast technology in ultrafast photonics, ultrafast and ultraintense laser physics, etc.
⑤ Nonlinear photonics. This paper mainly studies the nonlinear interaction between photons and matter, nonlinear frequency conversion effect, phase matching and harmonic generation, photorefractive effect, photonic crystal, photonic band gap fiber, excited state optical nonlinearity and so on, which is the theoretical basis for the research and development of various nonlinear photonic devices.
Photonic device
Including special processing, the development of material components and modules, involving the generation, transmission, detection, conversion, storage and display of light, many related devices are formed by these functions. It is the concrete embodiment of the combination of photonics and photonics technology. Compared with electronic devices, photonic devices can also be divided into active devices (such as various laser light sources and detectors) and passive devices (such as wavelength division multiplexers, optical fiber devices and optical interconnects in optical communication), including the application of photonics in nanotechnology and nano-manufacturing.
Information photonics
Photonics is an interdisciplinary subject formed by the combination of information science. Due to the development of optical waveguide devices, fiber lasers, fiber amplifiers and low-loss optical fibers, optical communication has developed rapidly, which has not only created a huge photonic industry, but also brought convenient and fast information exchange to mankind and promoted social civilization, progress and prosperity. On the other hand, due to the coherence and parallelism of light, different correlation transformations and parallel operations (such as two-dimensional Fourier transform, etc. ) can be carried out in optical transmission. Coupled with the emergence of electro-optic addressed spatial light modulator and high-speed array detector, automatic pattern recognition, image information processing, optical display and optical calculation have become one of the most active application research fields in photonics.
Biomedical photonics
A new branch of life science and photonics. Including optical imaging and photon migration of biological tissues, biophotonics, photon emission of biological systems, fluorescence enhancement and detection, biological spectrum and diagnosis, diagnosis and photodynamic diagnosis and treatment in laser medicine, laser precision machining of coronary stents, optical coherence tomography, light transmission mechanism in biological tissues and its application in biomedical engineering.
Integration and microstructure photonics
The powerful vitality of semiconductor electronics lies in its large-scale integration, which greatly reduces the size of semiconductor devices, reduces power consumption, greatly improves the function and running speed, and continuously optimizes the cost performance. Similarly, with the rapid development of semiconductor photonics and photonics technology, many photonic devices with different functions can be integrated on an optical chip through optical waveguides, optical interconnects and optical switches to form a photonic integrated loop or optoelectronic integrated system. Micro-structured integrated photonics, including two-dimensional waveguide and free-space three-dimensional integrated optical system, micro-structured optical fiber and MEMS, is undoubtedly a revolutionary leap in the development of photonics industry.