Mammography and B-ultrasound are two routine breast examinations that must be done. They are of very important value in the diagnosis of early breast cancer. The above two examinations and the breast cancer prevention and treatment that patients are concerned about are now summarized. Some questions are introduced as follows: Mammography examination answer: Mammography is a soft X-ray examination specially used for breasts and other soft tissues. It has weak penetrating power, small radiation dose, and the contrast and clarity of the photos taken are very high. For those whose glandular tissue is not abundant, some subtle structures and small lesions can be clearly displayed in the photos. Answer: Mammography is currently the internationally recognized gold standard for breast disease examination. It is one of the most effective diagnostic techniques for breast lesions, especially early breast cancer. According to statistical data, in recent years, due to the widespread clinical application of mammography X-ray examination, early occult tumors such as carcinoma in situ and intraductal carcinoma have The detection rate of breast cancer has greatly improved. Mammography X-ray examination has become the most effective and reliable method for diagnosing breast disease today. Answer: The mammography manifestations of breast cancer are more characteristic, such as: burr-like, crab-foot-like, horn-like or tail-like high-density mass shadows, pinpoint-like or refined salt-like clusters of dense calcification points, and thickening and tortuous blurs. vascular shadow, etc. Among them, latent calcification has a high diagnostic value for early occult breast cancer without masses, which is of great significance for improving the survival rate and quality of life of breast cancer patients. A: Although mammography is the gold standard for breast examination, it cannot replace other examinations. For example: Breast B-ultrasound is also a routine breast examination like mammography. The two complement each other. Only the combination of mammography and B-ultrasound can provide a more comprehensive understanding of the basic situation of breast diseases; if there is nipple discharge, If situations such as fluid leakage occur, examinations such as overflow smear and catheter angiography should be performed. In short, the examination of breast disease patients should be carried out under the guidance of a specialist to avoid delaying the condition. Breast B-ultrasound examination Ultrasound examination refers to a non-invasive examination method that uses the principle of ultrasound to judge the physical properties, morphological structure and functional status of human soft tissues. Ultrasound examination is painless, non-injurious and non-radiative to the patient, and can be performed repeatedly. The improvement of ultrasound probes (the breast requires 7.5MHZ or above) has enabled superficial soft organs such as the breast to have higher resolution under ultrasound. Breast ultrasound examination has the following advantages: Since it is non-radioactive, it can be used for breast examination at any age, especially during pregnancy and lactation. (1) It can be used as a supplementary examination for parts that are difficult to irradiate with X-rays (such as the edge of the gland), and can better display the location, shape, structure, etc. of the mass. (2) For denser breasts, when it is difficult to distinguish even if there is a lump, ultrasound can use the difference in sound wave interface reflection to clearly display the outline and shape of the lesion. (3) Ultrasound can accurately identify cystic or solid tumors in the breast and is the most characteristic. Therefore, if an isolated and mobile mass is found, ultrasonography should be the first choice to distinguish whether the mass is cystic or solid. (4) Ultrasound can provide the accurate location, size and number of tumors, so it can be used for positioning puncture or assisting in positioning surgical resection under ultrasound. (5) Through the analysis of color Doppler blood flow signals and the shape of tumor growth, the differential diagnosis and positive diagnosis rate of benign tumors and malignant tumors can be improved. However, ultrasound cannot clearly show small calcifications, and it is difficult to diagnose tiny masses in hyperplastic glands and special types of breast cancer (such as inflammatory breast cancer). Therefore, patients should be combined with mammography and X-ray examination when necessary. Breast tissue biopsy, breast cytology and other diagnostic and treatment methods, and regular review of B-ultrasound (usually once every 3 months). Women over the age of 40 must undergo mammography examinations every year. Answer: In the past, the incidence of breast cancer in older women was much higher than that in young women. However, statistics and clinical consultations in recent years show that younger age has become a trend in the incidence of breast cancer, which is closely related to the accelerated pace of life of modern women, increased work and employment pressure, late marriage, late childbearing or no childbearing, and no breastfeeding after childbirth. Answer: Benign hyperplasia generally does not become cancerous. Only when atypical hyperplasia occurs, the risk of canceration increases. The risk of breast fibroma becoming cancerous is very small. Answer: Family factors have an impact of 5% to 10%. Women with a family history of breast cancer should regularly set a time for monthly self-examination (usually 7-10 days after each menstrual period), and see a specialist for examination every three to six months. Generally speaking, at the age of 40 The above women must undergo mammography once a year. Infrared examination is not recommended for general census because its sensitivity and standards are not very good, the false negative rate is high, and diagnosis is easily missed. It has been eliminated in big cities in the early years. Answer: It does matter. When the breasts are large, the lesions are deep and difficult to detect. Answer: Currently it cannot be used as an indicator for treatment guidance and early diagnosis. It is just a reference. Its sensitivity is very low but its specificity is high. We often encounter patients who already have large tumors, but tumor marker tests are still normal. Answer: This is a dilemma. Let nature take its course, focusing on adjusting your psychology and lifestyle, and you must also follow up closely. In terms of diet, you should try to avoid high-protein, high-fat, high-calorie, and low-fiber foods, eat less fried and grilled foods, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, and strengthen aerobic exercise. Studies have shown that women who exercise for 4 hours a week are 60% less likely to develop breast cancer than those who do not exercise.