1. Processing technology optimization
Because the NC machine tool is processed according to the established processing technology card, various parameters in the processing technology will directly affect the processing results. Due to the differences in personnel, standards, materials, shapes of parts, processing sequence, and the selection of processing tools, there will be some errors between the process parameters and standards of processed parts, which will affect the final processing accuracy. Therefore, it is very important to optimize the processing technology. After determining the compilers, we should carefully study the parts that need to be processed, compile the processing steps according to the shape and processing requirements, fully understand the various properties of the parts and materials, and select the appropriate machine tool and processing sequence according to our own processing conditions. [3]
2. Optimization of cutting parameters
In all machining processes, the cutting parameters are directly acted on the parts by the tool, so any slight change will affect the final accuracy performance. First of all, we should choose excellent tools, especially for cutting metal materials. The material and specification of the cutter are closely related to the final machining effect. Therefore, when setting cutting parameters, we should fully understand the physical characteristics and geometric parameters of the selected workpiece and tool materials, and analyze and calculate the appropriate parameter interval. When machining on site, the corresponding parameters should be adjusted according to the conditions and uses of the machine tool itself. Skilled operators can adjust various cutting parameters, such as speed, feed, cutting depth and angle, according to the situation of on-site machine tools. In addition, in the process of cutting, it is necessary to check the indexes of the machine tool in time, especially to replenish the cutting coolant in time, adjust the injection amount of the coolant, and reduce the thermal error in the machining process.
3. Implement error compensation
Besides process and parameters, other methods can be used to eliminate machining errors and improve accuracy, among which error compensation is the most commonly used method. Error compensation refers to the method of artificially adding a new error after analyzing and counting the current error, so that the two errors are equal in size and opposite in direction, so as to cancel each other out and improve the machining accuracy. The difficulty of error compensation lies in the statistics and analysis of the original error, and how to distinguish the error often requires calculation and experience. For some processes with relatively regular machining process and relatively simple stress, error compensation is easier to realize; However, for the machining with complex machining process and changeable stress, the error in one direction is often caused by many factors, and the compensation in a single direction can not get the ideal result, which makes the compensation process more complicated. However, complex error compensation needs more time to calculate, which is inefficient in actual production. At present, the commonly used error compensation methods are real-time compensation and static compensation. These two methods are generally processing technologies that can directly compensate the final error and can be effectively applied to machine tool processing.
4. Improve the quality of personnel
Although modern CNC machine tools greatly reduce the interference of human operation on the machining process, in the process of improving machining accuracy, especially in high-precision and high-speed machining, the professional quality and knowledge level of operators will be directly reflected in the machining process. First of all, the operator should be able to understand the contents and principles of machining procedures and processes in order to perform the operation better. This requires the operator to have basic programming and machining ideas, and be familiar with various machining principles and precautions. Secondly, the operator needs to master the performance and characteristics of the machine tool he operates, and can understand the execution status of various operations of the machine tool. Then, the processing process of the program can be carried out on site as required, and can be adjusted according to the actual situation, so that the programmer's instructions will not be changed at will, and the parameters can be optimized according to the field situation. Especially for the use and wear of tools, we often need to have enough experience to judge the replacement.