Peach blossom is a deciduous tree with elliptic-lanceolate leaves, coarse serrations at the leaf margin and a hairless petiole length of 1-2cm. The height can reach 3 ~ 10 meter. There are usually 1 to several glands; Leaf blade elliptic-lanceolate to obovate-lanceolate, with serrated edges and glabrous on both sides. Flowers are usually solitary, born on open leaves, about 2.5-3.5 cm in diameter, with short stalks; Sepals 5, basally united into short calyx tube, glabrous.
Petiole 7- 12 mm long, with glandular points. The trunk is grayish brown, rough and porous. Branchlets reddish brown or brownish green, smooth. Flowers are solitary, white, pink and red, double or semi-double, and bloom in March-April. Drupe is nearly round, yellow-green, and the surface is densely covered with short fluff. Due to different varieties, the fruit ripens from June to September.
Mainly divided into two categories: peach and peach. The varieties are crimson, crimson, pure white and red and white mixed colors, as well as double petals and double petals.
The more important varieties are nectarine, flat peach, longevity peach and peach. Among them, nectarine and flat peach are cultivated as fruit trees, Shouxing peach and Bitong peach are mainly for viewing, and Shouxing peach can also be used as dwarf rootstock of peach. This tree is 4 ~ 5 meters high.
Annual branches are reddish brown. The leaves are mostly lanceolate, the leaf margin is serrated, and there are often nectaries at the base of the petiole. There are two patterns: roses and bells. Drupe is mostly round or rectangular except flat peach, and the fruit surface is evenly distributed with fuzz except nectarine. The pulp is white, yellow or flushed, and a few are red; Soft, crisp or dense meat; There are different pits on the nuclear surface, which is an important basis for the classification of species and varieties.
Peach blossom is a traditional garden flower in China, with beautiful tree shape, sparse branches, rich flowers and bright colors, and it is one of the important flower viewing trees in early spring. Peach fruit is a famous fruit; Peach stones can extract oil; Its branches, leaves, fruits and roots can be used as medicine; Peach wood is fine and hard, and can be used for carving.
Peach blossom type:
1. Small white peach: small white flowers with oval petals, few calyx flowers, brownish branches with green spots.
2. Big white peach: big white flowers, round petals, green branches densely covered with fine hair.
3. Five-color peach: also known as spinning golden peach, most flowers are white or reddish, one or several flowers are pink, and one flower or petal is half white and half pink. Rectangular petals, red-brown branches.
4. Thousands of pink petals: the flowers are pink, mostly three-wheeled petals, and the filaments are pink. Some flowers are reddish, filaments are red and flowers are red.
5. Hearts: pink flowers, nearly double, with reddish-brown branches.
6. Crimson peach: crimson flowers, purple-brown calyx tube, deeply wrinkled and hairy. These flowers are green and brown.
7. Green peach: Petals are light green, inverted oval, with reddish-brown spots on the green branches, and the flowering period is late, mostly in mid-April.
8. Peach with drooping branches: drooping branches, double flowers, dark red in color, sprinkled with gold, reddish and pure white.
In addition, there are birthday peaches and purple leaf peaches. The former has large white flowers, late flowering, short tree shape and large leaves. The latter is mainly characterized by purple leaves. There are also white peaches, pink peaches, pinxia peaches, Wubao peaches, Zhao Shouhong, green calyx drooping, two-color peaches, chrysanthemum peaches and scarlet peaches.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-peach blossom