Study on Cultivation Techniques of Ornamental Bamboo in Gardens Today's urban landscape greening is no longer an environmental greening in the general sense, but should develop in the direction of redeeming cultural connotation, being close to people's living environment and taking plants as the main landscaping. Ornamental bamboo has always occupied a place in the garden. Bamboo is evergreen, green and exquisite, clear and far-reaching. It is an indispensable part of the classical gardens in China. Bamboo is deeply loved by people because of its pure and graceful shape. In addition to its unique aesthetic function, it also has the characteristics of tenacity and straightness, and it will not wither in winter. Scholars of all ages compared it to the character of faithfulness, elegance, modesty and fortitude, and gradually rose to the characteristics of the Chinese nation. Therefore, bamboo scenery can be seen everywhere in Jiangnan Garden, almost to the point where there is no bamboo. At present, domestic urban gardens pay more and more attention to ornamental bamboo gardening. According to the practical experience of Guangdong Ornamental Bamboo Resource Base and Guangzhou Fuyun Bamboo Garden Greening Engineering Co., Ltd., and according to the local natural conditions such as soil and climate, a set of ornamental bamboo cultivation techniques were studied with the goal of creating beautiful bamboo forests and building fine ornamental bamboo gardens, and a set of ornamental bamboo gardening cultivation techniques were explored, which were divided into urban garden ornamental bamboo cultivation techniques and ornamental bamboo pot cultivation production.

To build urban ornamental bamboo gardens, it is necessary to select ornamental bamboo species suitable for local growth according to local climate, soil and other natural conditions. According to the different biological characteristics and the needs of landscaping, to build an ornamental bamboo garden, it is necessary to achieve the goal of garden construction in the current year, rationally plan the layout and configuration of bamboo species, and design bamboo cultivation operations on this basis.

Ornamental bamboo species

There are many kinds of ornamental bamboos in China, which have high ornamental value. Ornamental bamboo can be divided into four categories according to its ornamental parts: ornamental stem color type, ornamental stem shape type, ornamental leaf type, ornamental color type and bamboo shoot type.

Colored stem bamboos include: Phyllostachys pubescens, Phyllostachys pubescens, Phyllostachys pubescens, Phyllostachys pubescens, Phyllostachys pubescens, Phyllostachys praecox, Phyllostachys pubescens, Phyllostachys torreya, Phyllostachys tangutica and Phyllostachys pubescens.

Strange bamboos with culms are: the basal internodes of the bamboo culms are short and swollen, and there are arhat bamboos; Tortoise shell bamboo; Small Buddha belly bamboo; Pepper bamboo, the node of the stem is raised. Bamboo with abacus beads; Big Buddha belly bamboo.

Bamboo species with unique leaf color, leaf shape or leaf shape are Phyllostachys pubescens, Phyllostachys pubescens, Phyllostachys pubescens and Phyllostachys pubescens.

Bamboo shoots with beautiful colors include red bamboo shoots, white-fed chicken bamboo shoots and flower bamboo shoots.

Selection and configuration of bamboo species

Bamboo species selection

In the choice of bamboo species, in addition to the bamboo with rich rhyme, golden rhyme and green rhyme, the emphasis is on the words "truth" and "qi". "Zhen" means that the selected bamboo species belong to rare bamboo species in China. For example, Bambusa bambusa and Tang Zhu, which are characterized by smooth nodes and beautiful culms, are rarely distributed in China and are unique to China. "Strange" is to choose bamboo species with strange shapes and colors to enhance the ornamental value of bamboo. For example, the hawksbill bamboo is as magical as tortoise shell, and the square bamboo is unique because of its square culm. In addition, there are xiangfei bamboo, yellow-grooved carnation, purple bamboo, gold-inlaid jade bamboo and Jinyun bamboo.

In the north, ornamental bamboos with cold climate, continental climate and weak alkaline soil can be made into bonsai, which can be placed indoors in winter and next to bamboo gardens in spring, summer and autumn.

Bamboo species layout and configuration

According to different geographical locations, different characteristics and ecological requirements of bamboo species, as well as the ornamental value of bamboo species, the bamboo species in the whole bamboo park are arranged and configured reasonably. The artificial mound is divided into three parts: top, middle and bottom. In the layout of bamboo species, large-diameter bamboos, such as red bamboo and golden bamboo, are planted at the top of the mound. Large diameter bamboos with high ornamental value, such as Dendrocalamus latiflorus, Phyllostachys pubescens and Phyllostachys pubescens, and medium diameter bamboos, such as Phyllostachys yunnanensis, Phyllostachys arhat, Phyllostachys pubescens and Phyllostachys bambusa, are planted in the middle section. The bottom is planted with clustered bamboos and miscellaneous bamboos, such as Phyllostachys pubescens, Phyllostachys praecox, Arhat bamboo, Rongcheng bamboo and Phyllostachys pubescens. In the specific configuration of bamboo species, it is important that bamboo should be adapted to local conditions. Drought-tolerant, thin-ridged bamboo species, such as Tang Zhu, are placed on the top of mounds and other "wind-eating" areas; Bamboo species that like humid environment, such as Phyllostachys pubescens, Phyllostachys pubescens, Phyllostachys pubescens, etc., are planted in low-lying places such as the bottom of mounds; Clustered bamboos with high requirements for water and soil and bamboo species that are not hardy are planted in sunny lakes and places with convenient management.

Pre-basin culture

Ornamental bamboo bonsai materials must be treated and maintained before they can be made into bonsai.

Upper basin cultivation

When the flowerpot is placed, the scattered ornamental bamboo should be removed in time to remove the plants and branches that affect the shape. The ornamental bamboos in clumps should be pruned with many stems and branches, and the bamboo shape should be beautiful, ventilated and transparent.

When potted, the prepared soil is layered and compacted. The pot soil is 3-4cm lower than the pot mouth to prepare for adding soil when making bamboo shoots. Potted soil should be loose and well drained. The pot should be released before the bamboo shoots are unearthed, preferably in March-April or September-August.

Maintenance and management of ornamental bamboo bonsai

Spray some water on the leaves every morning and evening after planting. Only when the stems germinate new branches and buds in 1 month can they be released into the sun. However, you should avoid absorbing strong sunlight. If the bamboo leaves are found wilting, they should be watered immediately, and the bamboo leaves can still be unfolded. Also pay attention to watering from the edge of the basin, not from the leaves, otherwise it will make the leaves hypertrophy and damage the appearance. Potted bamboo grows fast and has strong vitality. Bamboo whips and roots rotate along the pot wall. When the potted soil is dry, a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be applied with water, once in spring and autumn.

After winter, because the pot soil is small, it can't stand the cold and freezing, so it must be moved into the room for maintenance. For example, greenhouses must be built in nurseries, and clustered bamboo pots must spend the winter in greenhouses. Otherwise, the branches will wither and the bamboo leaves will fall off. In severe cases, the bamboo whip will freeze and the whole pot will die. In order to make the green bamboo flourish, the surface layer of the basin soil can be allowed to be 1-2 inches thick, and then covered with a layer of decomposed organic fertilizer.

After seeing the scenery, you should trim it according to your needs. The shaping method is as follows:

(1) Gently peel off the sheath from bottom to top with tweezers to make it grow taller. Generally peel one piece every 2-3 days;

2 change the pot. Remove some bamboo roots. Especially when bamboo shoots are unearthed, the young ones that are too dense are deleted to keep the width of the pot dense.

③ Control water and fertilizer. When bamboo shoots grow to the height of 10 cm, reduce fertilization and watering, so that bamboo shoots can sprout and spread leaves as soon as possible, so as to achieve the purpose of dwarfing;

④ Injection of chlormequat chloride, plastic and abscisic acid. Control the growth of bamboo shoots.

When pruning ornamental bamboo pots, we should pay attention to the overall beauty, and strive to keep the original state on the premise of not affecting the growth. Generally, short cutting is adopted to remove the core, otherwise when the new bamboo shoots are unearthed, the seedlings will be old and the stems will not be full.

Ornamental bamboo bonsai configuration

After planting moss or grass with linear leaves on the basin surface, efforts should be made in landscape layout, that is, small pieces of plastic or exquisite stones are arranged harmoniously with potted plants to place rocks, figures, animals, pavilions and so on. Under the ornamental bamboo, it can play the role of contrast and point out the theme. From the content, it can make the scenery in the basin rich and colorful, more poetic and interesting. For example, the collocation of "three old friends". The shape of the straight stem stands upright, a tree leans to the left or right, and then short bamboos, purple bamboos, feixiangzhu and gold-inlaid jade bamboos are planted between the two, resulting in a winding state of the residual slope, and a winding stream composed of small white stones becomes a beautiful bonsai work.

In bonsai, stony bamboo, erect pine fossil, Taihu stone, cobblestone, Shi Ying, walking stone and turtle wall are compared with light green bamboo in texture and color. Because of the rocks, bamboo is more natural and delicate. In modeling, the lying stone is matched with bamboo, and the stone is flat and tightly wound on the ground, which makes the bamboo feel more like being pulled up from the ground.

summary

The traditional bamboo planting method was reformed and innovated. The traditional planting method of bamboo is to leave 5-6 branches, and the planting of bamboo in urban landscaping needs immediate forest and landscape. Guangzhou Fuyun Bamboo Landscaping Engineering Co., Ltd. uses whole-stalk bamboo shoots for large-scale planting, which has a high survival rate. It has successfully moved the "bamboo forest", solved the technical problems of bamboo cultivation in Guangdong, Shanghai, Beijing and other regions, and promoted the wide application of ornamental bamboo cultivation technology in urban landscaping.