I have seen it many times in the poem, but I never know what it is.

Meet it, in the apple orchard. Near Chai Men, on a low wall, a cluster of lush plants made my eyes shine. The plant in front of us looks like a vine, its stem is several meters long, its green theme is green, its leaves are as round as ears, and the leaves are dotted with purple dots, which are lively and lively. Its stem is also green with fruits, purple and red.

Asked my father-in-law, he said it was fungus. I suspected that this was the country name, so I sent the picture to WeChat. My wife and sister in Shanghai saw it and replied: purple corner leaf, scientific name sunflower.

Purple corner leaf, a kind of red sunflower, originated in China, also known as "Wild Ge Ye", and Japanese people call it "Manzi".

"In the green garden, sunflowers are exposed to the sun", "I learned to watch the morning glory on the mountain calmly and eat sunflower seeds with dew under the branches of pine trees" and "In the northern garden where sunflowers are planted, sunflowers flourish; Facing the northeast, facing the west, facing the west, "Sunflower, an ancient vegetable, stretches its tender leaves and is enchanting in the pages, swaying our imagination with a peculiar literary style.

"Hengkui and Ji in July", on the dining table of our ancestors, there was the figure of Kwai. There are five kinds of vegetables mentioned in Su Wen of Neijing: sunflower, leek, epimedium and onion. Wu's Textual Research on Plant Names and Facts and Textual Research on Plant Names and Facts listed sunflower as the first vegetable. Wang Zhen of Yuan Dynasty once gave Kwai the highest evaluation: "Kwai is a master of all kinds of vegetables, which are fat, drought-tolerant, sweet and nontoxic." This kind of vegetable that our ancestors used to eat every day was rarely planted after the Ming Dynasty, so that "the ancient people must have called it sunflower, but now there is no sunflower, and they don't know what to eat."

Now, there are many plants with sunflowers in their names, such as sunflower, mallow, okra, hollyhock, Huang Kui, mallow ... Sunflowers are compositae plants originating in the United States; Malva, Abelmoschus manihot, Huang Kui, etc. Is a resident of the Malvaceae kingdom; Pukui, belonging to Palmae; And okra is an exotic product of later generations. Sunflower has its own tribe: sunflower family, winter sunflower and wild sunflower are close relatives with it.

For the names of sunflowers, there are sunflower and dewdrop in Erya Cao Shi.

Pukui originates from Qilu dialect and is related to wooden sticks. Sunflower leaves are almost round, similar to the front end of a stick. In Li Shizhen's view, it is a beautiful mistake to write the name of the sunflower. However, some people disagree, thinking that the name of "falling sunflower" is because it "often spreads among hedgerows". The ancients found that the leaves of sunflowers were covered with dew, and the fruit drooped heavily, such as dewdrops, so they were named "Lu Cheng" and "Elk".

Because of this, sunflower picking is also particular. Li Shizhen said in Compendium of Materia Medica: "The ancients had to be exposed when picking sunflower, so it was called exposed sunflower, and now it is called slippery vegetable." The folk song "Picking sunflowers doesn't hurt the roots. If you hurt your root, the sunflower won't grow. Don't be ashamed of being poor when making friends, but you can't be ashamed of being poor friends. " It is serious to derive the way of making friends from the method of planting sunflowers.

In the folk, the aliases of sunflowers are mostly related to food. Sunflower juice is rich and soft, quite like tofu, called "tofu dish"; Its taste is thick and soft, like black fungus, commonly known as "black fungus". Mushrooms can be fried, put in soup or rinsed in hot pot. Wang Zengqi once wrote: "You can buy one, make a soup and taste it. That's the smell of sunflower. Very slippery. Auricularia auricula's real name is a kind of sunflower, but the leaves are green, while Auricularia auricula is purple and the leaves are sharp and small. "

"Atrium born brigade valley, inoue born brigade kwai. Cooking a meal in the valley and picking sunflower as soup is the fresh taste of the countryside. " And Huatian lives in the forest. It is the joy of farmers after harvest and the poet's indifference to the countryside. "I didn't eat yesterday, but now I'm hungry. What does a poor cook have? Cook okra. The red granules are fragrant and soft, and the green granules are slippery and fat. " The poet has a soft spot for sunflowers, which is vividly displayed.

There is a cloud in the Book of Songs: "Only a gentleman is happy, and the son of heaven is a sunflower." Happy gentlemen can only be appointed by the emperor. Some Buddhist disciples therefore call sunflower seeds "imperial meals" and "imperial meals".

Sunflower "blooms purple in August and September, as big as Schisandra chinensis, and is purple and black when ripe". Its fruit is inedible, and children can play with it in their hands. If they pinch it gently, it will suddenly crack and the purple juice will overflow. In ancient times, women squeezed juice and used it to make cosmetics, such as rouge, which can be used to decorate beauty face, touch lips and dye cloth. So there are other nicknames such as "Hu Yanpang" and "Dyed Crimson". Tao Hongjing said, "My son is purple, and my daughter is stained with powder." Meng E said in Herbs of Dietotherapy that it is "fresh and lovely" to take out sunflower seeds, steam them, dry them in the hot sun, peel them, grind them into fine powder, and rub them on your face with white honey. This lively and fragrant scene, such as graceful Song Ci, has an artistic conception, which reminds people of those stuffy women. On the swing in the wall, under the flowering lintel, I wonder if they will ask "is the thrush deep?"

Sunflower seeds, also known as rattan vegetables and hedgerow vegetables, are born on the edge of grass or bushes on the roadside and wound on fences and low walls in front of and behind houses, making residential tile houses lifelike. Su Dongpo was demoted to Huizhou, Guangdong Province, and his farming life was hard and simple. "There are rattan vegetables in Hu Feng Lake, which seems to be comparable to the enemy's soup", which is his pleasure in tasting rattan soup. When he saw rattan climbing on the shelf with thick and juicy stems and leaves, he realized that rattan was an ancient "sunflower".

Jian Zheng, a Taiwan Province writer, met a bunch of wild sunflower seeds on the road and said, "In the most desolate corner, you may see a little beauty.". That kind of joy must be from the heart.