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What does catenary GW mean?
Overhead ground wire (ground wire for short) is the GW wire of catenary. Devices to protect overhead transmission lines from lightning strikes).

Catenary is a high-voltage transmission line erected along the zigzag above the rail in electrified railway for pantograph to collect current. Catenary is the main framework of railway electrification project, and it is a special type of transmission line that is erected along the railway line to supply power to electric locomotives. It consists of contact suspension, supporting device, positioning device, pillar and foundation. Catenary mainly includes the following contents:

Basic components, such as cement columns, steel columns and foundations supporting these structures;

The main function of installing structural members on the foundation is to connect the catenary wires with the foundation members.

The catenary conductor is used for transmitting current to the electric locomotive;

Other auxiliary components, including return pipe and additional suspension. Catenary, rail, earth and return line are collectively called traction network.