I. Overview of internship 1. Practice purpose: Through what I have seen and heard, as well as the communication with local residents or park visitors, I can improve my understanding of the basic elements of urban ecosystem, the relationship between urban people and the environment, and understand people's real needs for the environment. 2. Practice route and content: On April 5, 2003, at 8: 00 a.m., we set out in front of the second floor of Yifu, Peking University, went to Yannan Garden through the library, and stopped to observe and inspect; Stone fish from Jingyuan to Fan Wei; From the west gate of Peking University to Weixiu Garden and Chengze Garden, the investigation was dissolved; After the inspection in Haidian Park, we passed Liulangzhuang, Beijing urban green belt and Jingmi aqueduct, entered the Summer Palace from Nanruyimen, observed along the south bank of Kunming Lake, the north bank of the Summer Palace and the north slope of Wanshou Mountain, and listened to the teacher's explanation. The internship ends at about 14: 30. 3. The goal of internship: Through the teacher's explanation and own observation, we link the knowledge taught in the class with the reality, and find that many details around us have been ignored by us, and there are still big articles behind some things we take for granted. Through practice, I also know some animals and plants and have increased my knowledge. Second, the internship record 1. On the way from the second floor of Yifu to Yannan Garden through the library: looking back in front of the library, the road leading to the East Gate is a busy construction site on the left and a teaching building on the right, and there is no poor lawn in sight. Although it is still a spring morning, it still gives people a warm feeling. Probably because it is newly built, there are few trees on both sides of the road. It's windy in spring in Beijing, and sometimes it's mixed with the soil in the construction site, forming a small "sandstorm", which makes this road a little daunting, especially in summer, everyone has to bow their heads and dash. Of course, this situation has not been alleviated after leaving the East Gate. The lack of green also makes this road feel a little bleak, and some are too serious. It can't be said that this road is not green at all, and there is a lawn. Asked the students around, some said they didn't feel anything, some said the evening was not bad, some said it was green when they first came, and then they didn't pay attention. I think it has something to do with people's mood. Of course, when I first entered school, I felt that everything was fine, and then I was not in the mood to pay attention. It is still very important to "bow down and sprint". In fact, the lights on the lawn are very beautiful at night. So it seems that its existence is of little significance. It is better to plant some trees, because in front of the geoscience building, I think it is more impressive to make it a small practice site where everyone can distinguish rocks and know plants than in the house. The teacher also mentioned how to design this road to match the library and the surrounding scenery. 2. The teacher of "Xanadu" Yannan Garden (1) explained and got to know some plants in a meadow in the garden, such as trampling-resistant plantain, purple-flowered February orchid, viola and dandelion. These wild plants don't need special care from people. They die, but they are endless. Orchids wither in February and bloom in March, with more varieties. (2) Compared with the observation outside the garden, there are few artificial carvings in the garden. Wildflowers grow in corners and roadsides. I noticed that there were almost no iron fences in the garden, and the boundary of the grass was all composed of a plant and a simple bamboo pole on it. Plants are alive, and leaves should be beautiful after flowering. I think this effect can't be achieved by the iron fence. I also saw three wild cats in it, two white and one yellow. (3) Communication with the residents in the park There is an uncle in his forties who distributes Hosta plants in the field in front of his house. In the interview, he said that all the plants in this small field were planted by him. Asked which is better, living here or living in a building, he said, of course, it is better here, because there is a small density of people and a large space for activities, and flowers can also be planted here. Asked about an old man who has lived in the garden for more than 30 years, he pointed to a flower bed in the garden and said that it used to be a playground, but now it lacks an entertainment place. When asked what they are dissatisfied with living here, the interviewees unanimously expressed their dissatisfaction with the public toilets in the park, saying that not only the environment is poor, but also there are many people mixed up. An old lady who lived here in the 1950s said that the vegetation here was a mess. If she wants to plant some flowers, she will be taken away. According to the teacher, there used to be an apple orchard here, but it was cut down to repair the lawn. The lawn of Jingyuan can be trampled by anyone. At present, it is yellow and green, and weeds are green. An episode in the unnamed lake left a deep impression on me. A man was reading a book on a bench by the lake. Suddenly, he began to spray water around, and he almost jumped with fear. It's time to water the lawn. I think this is a big failure of design. Design should be considerate of the people inside. It may be that chairs and sprinklers are not built together, but the facilities added later should be considered as a whole, and one facility cannot be isolated. 5. Weixiu Garden mainly communicates with residents. Everyone still seems to complain a lot, which reflects that mosquitoes and flies breed in a dead ditch in the community, stinking and garbage piles up. It is understood that the water in this ditch used to be very clear. The water source is an underground artesian well, and there are not many residents. Later, the house was built, watered and the mountain was pushed away. The artesian well stopped producing water, and the living water turned into stagnant water. Natural, clear water is mixed and smelly. When asked about their views on the plants in the community, everyone's opinions were surprisingly consistent. They all said that it was too messy and the grass was messy. It was better to be green and tidy. Ask them if wild flowers are bad, and the answer is that the flowering period is too short, not as long as the planted flowers, not so many kinds, and not as big and beautiful as the planted flowers. Residents' views seem to contradict the teacher's view that nature is beauty, which also happened in Yannan Garden. People still need clean lawns and artificially planted flowers. Is it because the old people we visit have seen too much desolation and noise, and now they are eager for a neat beauty? 6. Haidian Park still focuses on its own observation and communication with others. I feel very sunburned after not staying in the park for a long time. Asking people who exercise in the park also reflects that there is too little shade here, and they can only come early or in the evening in summer. An aunt watching children play said that although it is sunny here, it is close to home and there are some fitness facilities. Children like to play here, so something is better than nothing. I observed that there are few trees here and the sky is relatively empty, but it has become a good place to fly kites. The park is also adapted to local conditions, selling kites at the door. In fact, there is another kind of fun without trees. There are rehabilitation areas for the disabled, children's areas and fitness areas for the elderly in the park. There are fitness facilities suitable for different groups of people in the park. Moreover, the ground of each community is paved with rubber, which is soft but not slippery. Many communities or parks ignore this point. On the way to the Summer Palace, I was shocked by the sight of Wanquan River. There is no water in the river bed, only a foul-smelling layer of silt. Solidified rivers and lack of water make it lifeless. According to the teacher's explanation, the tree wearing "armor" on the road is Eucommia ulmoides. I don't understand why this kind of tree should be placed on the side of the road, which will add trouble to the maintenance of trees. Is it to let passers-by know new plants? Trees are not listed, and people realize that they are precious, so they are more dangerous. Is it suitable for planting here, or is it different when you grow up? The so-called green isolation belt is the product of removing the "rice fields in the west of Beijing". I feel that there are not so many trees on the roadside, but there is a lot of soil. The teacher introduced an annual plant called Chenopodium album, which is a pioneer plant and can thrive without management. 8. In front of Nanruyi Gate of the Summer Palace is Kunyu River, also known as Jingmi Diversion Canal, and the shore has solidified. This river is connected with Bayi Lake, which constitutes the so-called Beijing water system and becomes a waterway for people to visit Beijing. I have sailed two cruise ships, but neither of them sealed the windows to protect the water body, as the route was just opened. I wonder how much garbage will be taken into the river. In the interview, I learned that there used to be trees on the shore and there were many fish in the water. But in order to build the road, the tree was cut down and the bank was repaired. Now all the fish are gone. Because there are many cars coming and going, there are no trees and the soil is very large. I carefully observed the river and found that there were many aquatic plants in the water, and there was garbage near the shore. 9. The Summer Palace in the Summer Palace is mainly composed of Kunming Lake and Wanshou Mountain, both of which are naturally formed. Strolling through Xidi Sixth Bridge, willows and peach blossoms bloom all the way. Compared with the outside, it is simply two worlds. In the communication with tourists, everyone likes the scenery here very much, feeling that "there is no waste of money" and can't hear the opposite voice. The teacher by the lake explained the wetland system composed of reeds and water bamboo. This waterfront system has high net productivity, which not only beautifies the environment, but also benefits the environment. When I visited the garden in summer, the green reeds, the blue lake and the sparkling lake were very beautiful, but I didn't realize that it had so many ecological functions. I have a deeper understanding of some scenes, which is also a great gain of this internship. The park is being renovated, and a circle of tents printed with flowers and trees separates the construction site from the tourist area. From a distance, the tent and the flowers and plants in the garden blend together, and you can hardly tell them apart without looking carefully. This is much more comfortable than those abrupt tents that are common on the roadside. But unfortunately, we still see a pipeline extending from the construction site to the lake, and black water is being discharged into the lake. The tent is so high that you can't see inside. I don't know if this water is the waste water after construction or the water with silt at the bottom of the lake when the lake section needs to be renovated is emptied. If it is the latter, there is nothing wrong with it. On the mountain, we saw the soil and water conservation project hundreds of years ago, which was very inconspicuous. I couldn't have found it without the teacher's talk. The project has not changed much to the mountain, but only transformed the hillside into a fish scale, which is a bit like a terrace. This can strengthen infiltration, slow down the speed of water flow, and thus prevent soil erosion. But I think this only applies to situations where there is not much water. I have also seen some Buddha statues with their heads off on the mountain, and I don't know who the person who took the Buddha's head is. This is a blasphemy and a manifestation of low quality. At about two o'clock in the afternoon, the internship is over. Three. Analysis and discussion I noticed that many questions about plants were mentioned in this internship, whether in the teacher's explanation, in my own observation or during the visit, so this part would like to focus on the selection of plants in the surrounding environment and answer the questions that came to mind in the internship. 1. Regarding residents' views on the surrounding vegetation, in the survey, most people think that the environment should be restored, while some people hate wild plants, which runs counter to some teachers' views. So what kind of natural environment can make people feel comfortable and have a profound experience? The research shows that: firstly, it depends on whether people are interested in the natural environment; Secondly, it depends on the physical characteristics of the natural environment. For example, next to the dwarf forest is a meadow full of grass, and people take a path from the dwarf forest.