When Emperor Wanli first boarded Dabao (1572), he carefully inspected the people waiting for him. Finally, he found that Yi Tian was loyal and capable, and he could take on heavy responsibilities. So in the second year (1573), he was entrusted with a heavy responsibility and promoted to the secretarial office as a steward, serving as an assistant secretary-general (equivalent to a confidential secretary). In the Ming Dynasty, eunuchs had to come out of their study to be promoted to Li Si prison, so file management was equivalent to the preparatory class for eunuchs in Li Si. Yi Tian's entry into the secretarial office fully demonstrated his talent, which also showed that he stood out from many internal officials, paving the way for his promotion and even taking charge of the official seal, which was the beginning of Yi Tian's success.
After Yi Tian was promoted to the document management office, he was responsible for keeping the throne of Baisichao and the will of the cashier emperor. Because of his outstanding achievements, he was promoted to be a eunuch in charge of the supervision of internal officials, specializing in the construction of palaces and tombs in the country and using bronze and tin dowry. There are many foreign factories, and it is also a clear and important position to supervise the selection of officials in the official department.
During this period, Yi Tian was sent to Fengyang on the order of Wanli Decade (1582). Huaiyong is the younger brother of King Huai Shun, a family of five. Under the influence of his brother, King Huai Shun, the four brothers Huai Yong often went in and out of the streets and fishing villages as princes. Later, King Qin Jing played in the imperial court, and God sentenced Huaiyong to the crime of "violating evil and chaos, violating the ancestral religion". One of the four murderers was sentenced to death, while Huai Yong and others were abolished as Shu Ren and imprisoned in Fengyang, Anhui. Considering that Huaiyou was born in the royal family, Emperor Wanli was always unruly and domineering, and it was a long way to escort him, so he handed the task of escorting Huaiyou to Yi Tian, the most effective eunuch.
Yi Tian acted according to orders, camped on the road, and was careful. He arrived in Fengyang safely, handed Huaiyong to eunuch Han Shou, and forwarded it to Gao Qiang. When passing through Huayin County, his hometown, he went home to worship his ancestors and left a legacy to his relatives. His promotion to a higher position and his return to his hometown made the villagers very envious and proud. Yi Tian was very happy when he returned to Beijing. The following year, he promoted Yi Tian as the Nanjing Deputy Garrison, and actually took control of the military power.
In the 11th year of Wanli (1583), the imperial edict appointed Yi Tian as the deputy garrison of Nanjing, and at the same time, the eunuch of Nanjing Li Si Prison was in charge of the official seal of Nanjing. Three years later, he became a garrison, took charge of the seal of Li Si in Nanjing, and the military and political power of staying in Nanjing was in the hands of Yi Tian. Nanjing was the capital of the early Ming Dynasty. After Ming Chengzu moved to Beijing, he decided to leave Nanjing as the capital. All government officials were set up according to Beijing, and so were eunuchs' prisons. Although there was no emperor, he set up a garrison, which was filled by the public, the Hou and the Bo. When I went to Renzong, I sent a eunuch to be on guard. This is like the representative of the emperor, and his position is naturally very important. Wanli thinks that Nanjing is a "national important place", and it is specially ordered to assist the newly-built scholar Wang and counselor Shang Wengli of the Ministry of War to maintain locomotives, train the army, support the people, ban thieves, play common affairs, and protect ancestral temples and mountains. Instead of oppressing the people, levying taxes indiscriminately, reducing the public by private interests, and neglecting their duties, we must "encourage" the military and civilians to "behave and abide by the law", although the authority is great and the task is heavy.
Since then, Yi Tian has soared, and his career is thriving. In the seventeenth year of Wanli (1589), the emperor specially recalled Yi Tian from Nanjing to Beijing as the etiquette supervisor, "Premier of Chinese and foreign documents, prefect of teaching, and supervisor of etiquette room". In the 19th year of Wanli (159 1 year), he was in charge of the seal of Siyuan Bureau. Twenty years of Wanli (1592), which is also the local seal of towel and hat. In the twenty-fourth year of Wanli (1596), he was in charge of the supervision and seal of the ceremony, the local seal of the wine and vinegar noodles, and the general magistrate of the etiquette room.
Among these important positions held by Yi Tian, the following are the key positions in the system: participating in the magistrate's office, serving as the magistrate, supervising the etiquette room, sealing the magistrate's hand and supervising the etiquette room. The etiquette room also belongs to the etiquette supervisor, usually taken by palm print or pen, and is in charge of "choosing marriage, husband, crown prince and daughter, and nanny." As for Tian Yi's departments, towel and hat bureaus and wine and vinegar noodle bureaus, they are relatively affordable positions in the "Eight Bureaux". Departments take charge of fruits and vegetables, towels and hats take charge of palace boots and Xu Guan boots, and wine and vinegar noodles take charge of edible wine, vinegar, sugar, noodles and beans in the palace.
Throughout Yi Tian's eunuch career, it is found that he worked in the official prison almost from beginning to end (except for the official prison), which is fully reflected in both the inner library receiving court education and the official seal of the official prison. Especially Li Jian's handprint, Tian Volunteer worked for 10 years until his death due to illness, which was very important in the Ming Dynasty. It is precisely because the Li Si prison is responsible for marking the throne and conveying the sacred life that the ministers are obedient to the eunuch of Li Si prison, sleeping soundly, that is, the ministers enter the cabinet, holding business cards and gifts as usual, first visit the eunuch of Li Si, and then formally take office; I usually kowtow and bow down when I meet you on the road.
With the rise of Yi Tian's status, he was highly appreciated by Emperor Wanli because of his loyalty and meticulous work, and his reward was particularly generous. In the early years of Wanli, when Yi Tian was a eunuch, the emperor gave him a python and a jade belt. The 14th year of Wanli (1586) was awarded to Garumi. In the seventeenth year of Wanli (1589), it was also "allowed to ride pythons and horses in forbidden areas". In the 21st year of Wanli (1593), the imperial palace was granted the throne. Since then, he has also been instructed to "study in the Yong ying camp" and "accept prisoners into the DPRK", which was a special favor at that time.
In the thirty-third year of Wanli (1605), Yi Tian could not afford to get sick, so Emperor Wanli sent a medical officer to see him. When Tian died, Emperor Wanli was heartbroken and dropped out of school for three days. Within five days, he sent three people to hold a memorial service for him, and rewarded him with a large sum of money, "offering three altars" and "East Garden secrets", and ordered craftsmen to dig the underground palace for burial. At this point, Yi Tian died gloriously.
The anecdote in life plays Chen Shu as innocent.
The fifth volume of Historical Records records that in the 24th year of Wanli (1596), Tian risked his life and secretly remonstrated with the emperor with a 20% discount manuscript.
Ten times the draft roughly means that there are so many people who don't report the foreign court seal recently that the cabinet and the supervision institute have repeatedly urged it to be issued. Some even suspect that private discussions are deliberately concealed by people around them. Now, please read and reply.
Another folded manuscript roughly said: I found that some court officials and officials angered the emperor, and punishments and repatriations emerged one after another. Some of them are seriously injured, and they die of epidemics every day. It has always been an imperial edict, and the executioner is afraid of bringing trouble to himself, so the punishment is more severe; Even those escorting prisoners are afraid of being implicated, so they are strictly guarded day and night so that the prisoners can live. It is against morality to hurt the world so deeply. Emperor Wanli saw it and thought it made sense. After rewarding Yi Tian, he happily adopted his suggestion. And Yi Tian's bravery saved many people's lives, eliminated the disadvantages, and really did a good thing; At the same time, he also urged the emperor to lead the government in time so as not to lose power and breed misfortune. This is very different from the behavior of most eunuchs in the Ming Dynasty, which is commendable.
Rescue Wu Baoxiu from the murder case of the imperial court.
Wu Baoxiu was a scholar in the seventeenth year of Wanli (1589). He was an official in Dali, and was later demoted to Nankang Prefecture. In the twenty-seventh year of Wanli (1599), Li Dao, the tax supervisor of Hukou, relied on the special envoy of the emperor to run amok. Wu Baoxiu is honest and unwilling to curry favor with Director Li, so he doesn't associate with him. Li Dao became angry from embarrassment, falsely accused Wu Baoxiu of obstructing taxes and ordered his arrest. Bao Xiu's wife Chen was very sad when she heard the news. She gave Baoxiu all the money and jewelry she had saved on weekdays, crying and saying, "Let's treat these as tolls!" " The night Chen hanged himself.
After being escorted to Beijing, Wu Baoxiu was put in prison. The palace is directly controlled by the Royal Guards and executed on behalf of the emperor. Power transcends all laws, and the next imperial palace is hell. The criminal law is extremely harsh and the possibility of survival is extremely small. Many ministers also wrote to the emperor to avenge Baoxiu. There is a backlog of more than ten memorials that have not been reported. Even if it is reported, the emperor doesn't care.
One day, Yi Tian collected all the letters and gave them to Wanli. Wanli was very angry and threw them on the ground. Yi Tian calmly picked up the paper and put it in front of the emperor. He kowtowed and said, "Ministers have been waiting outside the door for a long time, and they will never stop until they get an answer." The emperor was a little angry. He read the script carefully and ordered Wu Baoxiu to be moved from the prison to the punishments. In September, Wu Baoxiu was released as a civilian and died the following year. Nankang Shimin built a temple for Bao Xiu and his wife. It was not until the apocalypse that Baoxiu's grievance was * * *, and he was posthumously awarded as a servant, Shao Qing, who enjoyed the sacrifice and hired one of his sons to be an official.
Protest the mining tax directly to the emperor.
In the 30th year of Wanli (1602), the emperor suddenly fell ill and called his ministers to Rendemen to listen to the testamentary edict. Later, Shen, the first official of the cabinet, was summoned separately and asked him to draft a testament in the court and abolish the mining tax. Surprisingly, however, before dawn, Emperor Wanli suddenly recovered and regretted abolishing the mining tax, so he sent envoys one after another to save his fate. Shen believes that the abolition of mining tax is an imperial edict and cannot be taken back casually. Finally, due to the urgency of emperor Wanli, Shen had to hand over the testamentary edict. Just when Wanli sent someone to restore order, Yi Tian was arguing in front of the emperor. Zongshen was so angry that he nodded to stop him. Yi Tian is well aware of the harm of mining tax. When he saw that the emperor had pulled out his treasure knife and risked his life, he said without fear, "Your emperor said a good word, why did you go back on your word?"
During the debate in Yi Tian, Ambassador China came back to see me with a testament. Tian stormed out and bumped into Shen. Rage Shen, saying that he is as timid as a mouse and can't insist on getting rid of his shortcomings. Because the testamentary edict was taken back by the emperor Wanli, the mining tax made the people suffer again 18 years, and it was not until the forty-eighth year of Wanli (1620) that this drawback was abolished.
Yi Tian is a decent man. He doesn't bully others, he is charitable, but he tries his best to save innocent people. In particular, he can distinguish right from wrong on major issues, uphold justice, and dare to risk his life to argue in front of the emperor. These behaviors were extremely rare in the power prison at that time.
Mr. Cai Dongfan praised Yi Tian's mining tax in the Popular Romance of Ming History: "There is also this person among the unexpected eunuchs, and he is well-deserved." Liu Ruoyu praised him in "Random Thoughts", saying that he was "loyal to the monarch, loyal to the minister ... frugal and taciturn, and after a short rest, people dared not abuse power for personal gain". Because of this, after his death, Emperor Wanli gave him a grand treatment, offering three altars and enjoying a pavilion. The name of the shrine is "Show Virtue", which further proves his noble virtue. Later eunuchs followed his moral integrity and were buried next to his tomb. In the Qing Dynasty, eunuchs were very kind. They sincerely hoped to donate private property and build a kind temple to protect Yi Tian's mausoleum and make it last for a long time.
Tianyi Tomb, also known as Enci Temple and Shixianglu Temple, is located at the foot of Cuiwei Mountain in Shijingshan District, Beijing, north of fahai temple 1 Huali. Tianyi Tomb is large in scale and beautifully designed. Memorial archways, pleasure halls, tombs and sacrificial vessels are all carved with white marble. By the Qing Dynasty, this tomb had been abandoned and nobody cared about it. When a monk came here, he loved the scenery of the cemetery and was afraid of being destroyed by greedy traitors. He asked Emperor Kangxi for approval to build a "Kindhearted Temple" in the east of the cemetery, named "Dongqu", and put Yi Tian's tomb in the temple as "Xiqu". Because there is a huge stone incense burner in front of the temple, the "stone incense burner temple" got its name. In front of Tian Yi's tomb stood a pair of tall China watches, in front of which stood a civilian and a military commander. The stone gate of the cemetery is extraordinary in style, and there is a relief lion lying on both sides of the door. Entering the cemetery, you can see three stone pavilions, and the top of the pavilion is a stone carving dragon caisson. Zhong Ting's inscription is engraved with the imperial edict that Emperor Wanli ordered Yi Tian to guard Nanjing. The inscriptions in the East Pavilion and the West Pavilion describe Yi Tian's life and achievements respectively. Behind the pavilion is the site of the Stone Appreciation Hall, and the stone tablet in the hall is engraved with the royal approval of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty. Behind the viewing hall is the stone archway, the top of which has been destroyed, and the words "Ancient Huayin Weichuan Tiangong Shouyu" are engraved on the forehead. Passing through the archway is Yi Tian's tomb, which is round and mound-shaped. The tombstone is engraved with the words "Tomb of Li Si's eunuch and Wei Chuan's taboo" and four Zhou Yunlong designs. There is a beautifully carved stone statue in front of the tomb. You can enter the tomb from the right side. The tomb is tall, rectangular and arched, with a sarcophagus bed in the middle.
In addition, Cixiang Temple has two halls and three courtyards for observing the world. There are meditation halls on both sides. There is a small door connected with Yi Tian's tomb. Tian Yi Tomb has a quiet environment and few tourists. It is most pleasant to visit it in the early morning or evening, so you can not only enjoy the exquisite cultural relics, but also relax and enjoy the fresh air.