Jews, or "Jews", are a group widely distributed in all countries of the world. Hebrew (Jewish): refers to the Jewish people, or more generally all Jewish people (also known as Jewish people). This is a group that includes both Israeli races handed down from ancient times and people who converted to Judaism in various periods and around the world.
In a broad sense, Jews may or may not be strict religious believers. According to the statistics of Jewish organizations, the total number of Jews in the world in 2007 was about 654.38+03.2 million, of which 5.4 million settled in Israel and 5.3 million lived in the United States.
The rest are scattered all over the world. The total Jewish population accounts for only 0.2% of the global population, and the above data also includes people who consider themselves Jews but do not belong to any Jewish community organization. ?
2. History of the Arab nation: 3500 years.
Arabs generally refer to Arabic-speaking residents in West Asia and North Africa. The word "Arabia" first appeared in the 9th century BC. Europeans call them "Saracens".
It is mainly distributed in West Asia, accounting for the majority of the residents in these countries, and a small number are distributed in Turkey, Iran, Afghanistan, Indonesia, Ethiopia, Somalia, Chad, Tanzania and other countries, with an estimated population of about 230 million. It belongs to Europa Mediterranean type, and some people in North Africa and South Arabia are mixed with black characteristics.
In the age of ignorance, only Bedouins, a nomadic Arab people, were called Arabs. After the great expansion, the Umayyad dynasty was established, and only those who originated in the Arabian Peninsula and were of pure blood were entitled to call themselves Arabs.
Have a noble identity; In the Abasi dynasty, the integration of civilizations was further strengthened. The concept of Arabs gradually includes all the people of all ethnic groups who use Arabic and believe in Islam under the empire.
3. Ainu history: 3000~4000 years.
Ainu, or translated as Ainu, Ainu and Ainu, live in Sakhalin, Russia and Hokkaido, Japan. Some people think that their ancestors migrated to Japan from northern Tunguska and Southeast Asia in the early Neolithic period (about six or seven thousand years ago). Ainu people are a mixed-race people.
Some scholars believe that Ainu people are Arab immigrants who controlled a large area of the Far East in a certain period of time and then distributed in Honshu Island. As some Japanese tribes gradually moved to the north, their territory was shrinking.
Since the second half of the 7th century, Ainu people have been called "Xiayi", which means "Yidi", which is the Japanese name for foreigners or aborigines occupying Japan. It gradually changed its name to Ainu people from the middle of14th century. Some people say that they are descendants of the rope literati (rope grain family). ?
4. National history of Hindustan: 3500~4000 years.
Hindustan, one of the Indian nations in South Asia, is also translated as "Hinduism". China's historical records refer to his residence as "Body Poison", "Dou Xian", "Tianzhu" and "India". Belonging to the Mediterranean type of Europa race, mixed with Australian national elements.
It has a long history. Together with other nationalities, it has created a splendid Indian culture. Patriarchal extended family system prevails, which is often composed of three or four generations. It was colonized for a long time in history, and gained independence with other nationalities in China from 65438 to 0947.
Hindus mainly engage in agriculture. Hindustan is mainly distributed in Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Bihar and Rajasthan. Most people believe in Hinduism, while others believe in Islam, Buddhism, Christianity and Jainism. ?
5. Persian national history: 4000 years.
The Persian Empire rose in an ancient country on the Iranian plateau. Persians belong to a branch of Indo-European language family. In the late 2000s BC, they migrated from Central Asia to the southwest of the Iranian Plateau (Ruiqu), and there were ten tribes (six farming and four animal husbandry). Once under the rule of Medea.
After decades of territorial expansion, in 550 BC, Cyrus II overthrew the rule of the Medes and established the Persian Empire.
During the reign of King Darius I (522 BC-486 BC), the Persian Empire reached its peak, with its territory extending from the Indus Valley in the east, the Balkans in the west, Armenia in the north and Ethiopia in the south, including 70 nationalities.
With a population of about 6.5438+0.8 million and a land area of nearly 7 million square kilometers, it has become the first great empire in the world spanning three continents: Asia, Africa and Europe. After the Persian War in 492 BC, the Persian Empire gradually declined from its peak. ?
6. Greek national history: more than 4,000 years.
The main nationalities in Greece and South Cyprus. Others are distributed in the United States, Russia, Ukraine, Australia and Turkey. Most of them belong to the Mediterranean type of Europa, and some of them belong to the alpine type. Use Greek, belonging to the Indo-European Greek family. Characters can be divided into ancient Greeks and new Greeks. Most people believe in the Orthodox Church, while a few believe in Catholicism and Islam.
Greeks are a mixture of ancient Greeks and other nationalities. Distributed in the United States, Russia, Ukraine, Australia and Turkey. It is a nation living in Greece and Aegean Sea with a history of more than 4,000 years.
At present, Greeks mainly live in the Balkans, Greek Islands and Cyprus in southeastern Europe, and even all over the world, with a total population of about 1.7 million. ?
In 2000 BC, Greek tribes such as achaean, Ionians, Ionians and Dorians entered from the northern Balkan Peninsula, assimilated Pelaz Ji and other indigenous people, and established slave cities such as Athens and Sparta in the 8th-6th century. At the same time, it formed the same culture and the same title-Helen, that is, the ancient Greeks. ?
7. Yao history: more than 4,500 years.
Yao is one of the ethnic minorities in China, with a population of 263,7421,mainly engaged in mountain agriculture. Call themselves Mian, Jinmen, Bunu, Bingduoyou, Heiyoumeng and Maharaja.
The ancestor of the Yao nationality is Pangu, and the living area is mostly subtropical, with an altitude of 1000 to 2000 meters. The village is located around with beautiful scenery. Because they have differences in production mode, residence, clothing, economic life, customs and habits.
There are different titles such as Pan Yao, Zishan Yao, Roof Yao, Hualan Yao, Guo Shanyao, Baiku Yao, Yao Hong, Landian Yao, Bapai Yao, Pingdi Yao and Aoyao. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was collectively called Yao nationality, mainly distributed in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Hunan, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guizhou and other provinces. ?
8. Assyrian national history: 4500~5000 years.
At the end of 3000 BC, Assyrian tribes rose in the northern part of the two river basins. By the late 8th century BC, Assyria had become the most powerful country in the two river basins.
Assyrians have many Semitic characteristics in race: long face, aquiline nose, black hair, long beard and dark skin. Their greatest feature is that they advocate force more than other nomads and prefer belligerence.
9. Miao history: 5000 years.
Miao nationality is an international nation that originated in China. In the 20 10 census, the total population of Miao people was 9.426 million, mainly distributed in Guizhou, Hunan, Yunnan, Chongqing, Guangxi and other provinces (regions). Miaoling Mountain and Wuling Mountain, where Miao people live together, have mild climate, and are surrounded by mountains and waters, with large and small dams scattered all over the place.
Miao people mainly grow rice, corn, millet, wheat, cotton, flue-cured tobacco, rape and tung oil.
Miao nationality has a long history. In China's ancient books, there are records of Miao ancestors more than 5,000 years ago. The ancestors of Miao people can be traced back to the Chiyou tribe, which was active in the Central Plains in primitive society.
During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, Miao ancestors began to establish "Three Miao Countries" in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and engaged in agricultural rice cultivation. Miao people migrated many times in history, and the general route was from the Yellow River [1] basin to Hunan, Guizhou and Yunnan. ?
10, Eskimo national history: 5000~ years.
Eskimos (Eskimos), the indigenous people in the Arctic, call themselves Inuit, and live in and out of the Arctic Circle from Siberia, Alaska to Greenland. The total population is about130,000 people (in 2000), living in Greenland (53,000 people), Alaska (4/kloc-0,000 people), northern Canada (34,000 people) and Bering Strait of Russia (about 2,000 people).
It belongs to Mongolian arctic type. Created Latin alphabet and Slavic alphabet spelling words.
1 1, Qiang history: 5000~6000 years.
The Qiang people, the oldest ethnic group in China (now concentrated in the west of China), are the orthodox descendants of Emperor Yan, and Oracle Bone Inscriptions is the common language of the ancient Qiang people. Its national history is not less than 6,000 years, with about 3 1 1,000 people.
As a descendant of the Chinese people, do you know the origin of our nation? The origin of Chinese descendants actually comes from two important nationalities in ancient China, one is the ancient Chinese nationality and the other is the ancient Qiang nationality. After thousands of years of absorption and integration, the Huaxia nationality has gradually transformed into the main nationality of the Chinese nation-the Han nationality.
After thousands of years of differentiation and integration, some of the ancient Qiang people have integrated into the Han nationality and become important members of the Han nationality. What's more, after gradual differentiation, it has become an important source of more than a dozen independent nationalities today. The ethnic origin history of these ethnic groups is closely related to the ancient Qiang people. ?
12, Han nationality
The Han nationality is the main ethnic group in China, a descendant of the ancient Huangdi and Yan Di tribes, and a descendant of the Chinese nation. "Han" originally refers to Tianhe and Yinhe. The Book of Songs says: "Where there is Han, there is light in prison." Han people are used to calling themselves Han people, because the Han Dynasty in China used to be called "Huaxia" or "Zhu Xia".
No matter in politics, military, philosophy, literature, history, art and many other aspects, or in the field of natural science, the Han nationality has created many brilliant achievements.
Since ancient times, the Han people have adopted an inclusive attitude towards various religious beliefs. Fate worship and ancestor worship are the main traditional concepts of Han religion. For thousands of years, Confucianism, which focuses on benevolence and attaches importance to ethical education, has had a far-reaching impact on the Han nationality. ?
The Han nationality has always been famous for its hard work and creative spirit. In the history of Han nationality, the economy was dominated by agriculture, which was a typical natural economy of men plowing and women weaving. The agricultural production of the Han nationality has been very developed in history, especially for irrigation and intensive cultivation, and the handicraft industry of the Han nationality also has a fairly high level of development. ?
With the changes of China's history, as well as foreign invasion and escape from war, the Han nationality is also migrating on a large scale, and has been moving south from the Central Plains. Hakka people inherited the cultural traditions of the Han nationality in the Central Plains at that time, such as the old saying, customs and habits also have historical traces.
The Han nationality is also an uninterrupted nation with a long history and the most populous nation in the world. By 2009, the population of Han nationality is about 65.438+0.3 billion, accounting for 654.38+0.9% of the world's total population, which is distributed all over the world.
In Chinese mainland, the Han nationality accounts for 92% of the total population; In Taiwan Province Province, the Han nationality accounts for 98% of the total population; In Hong Kong and Macau, the Han nationality accounts for 95% and 97% of the total population respectively. Besides China, the Han nationality is also distributed in Southeast Asia, North America and Western Europe.