Profit refers to the total income obtained by an enterprise in a certain accounting period MINUS the total cost, that is, the difference between income and cost. Profit is the ultimate embodiment of enterprise's operating results, and it is also an important indicator to measure enterprise's economic benefits.

The calculation formula of profit is: profit = income-cost. Among them, income refers to monetary or non-monetary assets obtained from business activities such as selling goods and providing services; Cost refers to all kinds of expenses and expenses incurred by enterprises for producing goods and providing services.

In order to calculate the profit more accurately, we can further divide the income and cost into non-operating income and non-operating expenditure. Non-operating income refers to income that is not directly related to the main business activities of the enterprise, such as government subsidies and fines; Non-operating expenses refer to expenses that are not directly related to the main business activities of the enterprise, such as donation expenses and fines.

Matters needing attention when calculating profits:

1. Calculate all kinds of income and costs accurately. An enterprise shall, in accordance with the requirements of accounting standards and tax laws and regulations, accurately confirm, measure and record various incomes and costs. Income and cost shall not be inflated or concealed to ensure the authenticity and reliability of profits.

2. Reasonably confirm the ownership period of income and expenses. An enterprise shall reasonably confirm the ownership period of income and expenses in accordance with the accrual basis principle, and shall not confirm it in advance or later. This can ensure the accuracy of profits and provide a reliable basis for the financial report of enterprises.

3. Principle of proportionality. The enterprise shall match the cost with the related income according to the matching principle. This can ensure the accuracy of profits and provide a reliable basis for the financial report of enterprises.

4. Calculate the taxable income according to the provisions of the tax law. Enterprises should accurately calculate taxable income in accordance with the provisions of the tax law. This can ensure the tax compliance of enterprises and avoid the tax risks caused by calculation errors.

5. Consider the difference between capital expenditure and income expenditure. Capital expenditure refers to the expenditure that provides long-term economic benefits for enterprises, such as purchasing fixed assets and intangible assets; Income expenditure refers to the expenditure that provides short-term economic benefits for enterprises, such as purchasing raw materials and paying wages. Enterprises should correctly distinguish between these two types of expenditures and match them according to the matching principle to ensure the accuracy of profits.

6. Follow the principle of prudence. Enterprises should follow the principle of prudence, reasonably estimate and predict possible losses and expenses, and take them into account when calculating profits. This can ensure that the financial report of the enterprise is more stable and reliable, and avoid the financial risks caused by overestimating income or underestimating cost.