Professional classification: metallurgical engineering, metal material engineering, inorganic nonmetallic material engineering, material science and engineering, composite material and engineering, biological functional materials, gem and material technology, renewable resource science and technology, polymer material processing engineering, etc.
Employment prospects: research and development of new materials, process and equipment design, university professors, R&D staff of national research institutes, material quality and performance testing, investment analysts in new energy industry, etc.
Suitable for people: students who like to study, research, analyze, evaluate and solve problems.
Few universities in China have the ability to train new materials professionals. In addition, it takes several years of undergraduate and postgraduate courses to train, and it takes seven to eight years to enter the job. In the blank period of talent shortage in the future, returnees with this kind of professional background will become very popular "hot goods".
2. Bio-industry major
Industrial background: Bio-industry is an ancient and emerging industry. Its development is in line with the development of mankind, constantly innovating and making new contributions. In 20 13, scientists from the University of Waterloo in Canada created the most complex human brain, which is an important progress of human bio-industry.
Employment prospects: biotechnology researcher, research and development of biopharmaceutical enterprises, independent scientific research departments of the government, hospital pharmacists, environmental safety experts, etc.
Suitable for the crowd: students who are patient, interested in research, curious about animals and plants and like to study and analyze things. Bio-industry specialty not only has a huge job market and development prospect in China, but also is not backward in the world. Moreover, the salary level is linked to scientific research results and the income is high.
3. Computers and applications
Professional classification: 3G field, 3D field, triple play field, mobile payment field, software and information service, network product industrialization, Internet and digital radio and television.
Employment prospects: IT, communication, military and industrial equipment development and maintenance, logistics information technology, software development of enterprises and institutions, e-government software specialty, software testing, multimedia application, new media technology development, etc.
Suitable for the crowd: strong mathematical ability, strong logical thinking ability, meticulous thinking, solid English ability and endurance to achieve goals are all suitable for this major.
4. Actuarial industry
Professional classification: actuarial science, statistics, financial statistical analysis, risk analysis, risk and insurance.
Employment prospects: Engaged in actuaries, data analysts and statistical programmers in accounting firms, investment companies, banks, China Insurance Regulatory Commission and other institutions.
Suitable for the crowd: students who like to challenge the unknown and have strong logical thinking ability, mathematical analysis ability and good writing ability.
At present, there are few actuarial majors in domestic universities, and the related undergraduate major is insurance. Some university graduate students have actuarial related majors. The students who graduate from domestic universities every year are far from meeting the market demand, and compared with other high-income occupations, actuaries are considered as "diamond collar" occupations.
5. Environmental energy industry
Professional classification: thermal energy and power engineering, nuclear engineering and technology, energy and environmental engineering, energy and power system, oil and gas, power technology, ocean energy development and utilization, etc.
Employment prospects: oil and gas, environment and energy, new energy technology, development and utilization of ocean energy, energy and mineral areas in the central and western regions, ocean energy development, etc.
Suitable for the crowd: students who like hands-on, nature, exploration spirit and creative thinking.
At present, the universities that train talents in this field are mainly higher vocational colleges, and a few universities offer such majors. On the one hand, core technical talents are very scarce, on the other hand, domestic technology is relatively backward, so at this stage, major enterprises are scrambling to introduce overseas high-end technical talents, so high-end talents who master advanced core technologies in this field are the main force for future enterprise development.
6. Manufacturing industry
Professional classification: mechanical design, manufacturing and automation, material forming and control engineering, mechanical and electronic engineering, automobile service engineering, manufacturing automation and measurement and control technology, MEMS engineering, industrial design, process equipment and control engineering.
Employment prospects: mechanical and electrical engineer, production management, quality control, industrial designer, university professor, scientific research institution.
Suitable for the crowd: students who like to do things, have strong spatial imagination, strong mathematical ability, caution and creative thinking.
In the next few years, senior engineers engaged in this field will mainly be professionals with international advanced technical education background, such as German machinery manufacturing, American and Canadian automobiles and other world-leading technical majors. Introducing international advanced technology into domestic manufacturing industry, combining with the actual situation in China to innovate and improve, will be the biggest feature of China's manufacturing talent demand. Moreover, as a relatively stable occupation, mechanical engineers will not fluctuate too much because of the influence of financial economy, and as an experienced occupation, the older they get, the more popular they become.
7. Cultural and creative industries
Employment prospects: creative groups in the fields of radio, film and television, animation, audio and video, media, visual arts, performing arts, craft and design, sculpture, environmental arts, advertising decoration, fashion design, software and computer services.
Suitable for the crowd: students with active thinking, strong ability to use their hands and brains, rich imagination, love to create, love to travel, have artistic flavor and are unwilling to take the usual path.
The creative industries in developed countries have a high proportion of employed people, such as 12% in new york, 14% in London and 15% in Tokyo. However, the proportion of employees in creative industries in China is less than 1%, which greatly restricts the development of creative industries. If China wants to change and upgrade from "Made in China" to "Created in China", it must have a large number of compound and creative talents.
8. Luxury management major
Employment prospects: fashion buyer, wine management, original designer, luxury goods marketing, brand promotion, high-end car marketing, fashion entertainment media editor, luxury goods management, etc.
Suitable for the crowd: pursuing fashion, maverick, unique appreciation level, like to communicate with people, love art and pursue personal value.
The annual salary of senior managers in the luxury goods industry exceeds one million yuan, and even the monthly salary of front-line salespeople is more than 10,000 yuan. However, at present, the biggest difficulty in recruiting talents in luxury goods industry lies in the scarcity of talents with high-end customer service experience and foreign language communication skills, the difficulty in finding large-scale management talents, and the scarcity of more professional talents such as luxury goods appraisal and luxury goods editing. At present, few universities in China offer luxury management-related majors, so overseas international talents have become the most important source of talents for the luxury goods industry in China.