The traditional representation of printed matter conceals the connotation of technological innovation;

Traditional printed matter and traditional printing technology. A book, a picture album and a paper box may be of high or low quality compared with the past, but it is still a traditional printed matter, and there is no difference. However, in the past, it was hard to escape the smelting of "lead and fire", but now it is easy to click on the computer from your fingertips. Therefore. Although printing is still a traditional form, the traditional technology used in production has long been replaced, and the production efficiency has been greatly improved. Therefore, behind the traditional printed matter with unchanged appearance, there are a lot of technological innovations, many of which have been completely transformed in prepress and prepress process.

First of all, let's know about the printing industry:

1. What is our main printing method?

(1) offset printing (widely used in China, with high quality and technology.

Stability, such as newspapers, packaging, PVC, stickers)

(2) Gravure printing (cigarette labels, wine labels, instant noodle pockets, candy paper and other printed products with high printing quality and large printing volume)

(3) screen printing (according to the printing characteristics, the number that can be printed is very small, dozens of sheets can be printed, and the shape of the printing plate can be changed, for example, curved surfaces can be printed, and the substrate is extensive! The thickness and mesh purpose of printing ink layer cannot be changed, so you can use mercerized ink, icing ink and UV for special effects! )

(4) Flexo printing (printing and packaging, substrate materials are relatively extensive! "It has unique advantages for plastic products and corrugated boxes."

(5) Ink-jet printing (used to be mainly used for ink-jet printing of anti-counterfeiting bar codes, but now it can also perform well for relatively fine printed matter, especially for the short edition market, the biggest development is the use of digital proofing. In addition, the print format can be almost unlimited! The application in the market has a relatively stable market)

(6) pad printing (the principle is the same as hot stamping, and the shape of the substrate that can be printed is also varied. For example, the printing of toothpaste skin is faster than screen printing! )

(7) Digital printing (Heidelberg is the most representative)

Di series, as well as Dekesiyu of Roland, and HPINDIGO；; Some of Xerox's products (inkjet printing is often classified into this category) have the characteristics of short printing preparation time, which has unique advantages for batch print. The market trend is of course self-evident), in fact, there are many other printing, but all of them can produce some special effects in printing, such as lithograph printing, and printing Chinese paintings on rice paper can have a good artistic effect!

Offset printing:

2. What are our common printed materials?

Classification of printed matter (by final product):

(1) Office category: refers to office-related printed materials such as stationery, envelopes and office forms.

(2) Publicity category: refers to VI manuals, posters, leaflets and publicity.

Send samples, product manuals, desk calendars, calendars, invitations, hand-held paper bags and a series of printed materials related to corporate promotion or product promotion.

(3) Production category: refers to large quantities of printed matter directly related to product production, such as packaging boxes and self-adhesive labels.

3. What is the workflow of printed matter?

Printing process:

(1) prepress refers to prepress work, which generally refers to photography, design, production, typesetting and film production.

(2) Printing refers to the process of printing finished products through a printing machine in the middle stage of printing;

(3) Post-printing refers to the post-printing work, which generally refers to the post-processing of printed matter, including cutting, laminating, die-cutting, bagging and mounting. , mainly used for publicity and packaging printed matter.

4. What are the main printing related equipments at present?

(1) prepress equipment:

Film printer, proofing machine, computer, color inkjet printer, laser scanner.

Tracing instrument, etc.

(2) Printing equipment:

Rotary press: Printing newspapers, books, magazines and picture books in China.

The difference between production and import;

According to the size of printing format, it can be divided into full-open printing machine, double-open printing machine,

Four boots, eight boots; According to the printing color number of the printing machine, it can be divided into monochrome printing machine, two-color printing machine and four-color printing machine. Printing equipment is divided into manual operation, mechanical operation and computer automatic operation equipment.

(3) Post-press equipment:

Paging machine, paper cutter, bronzing machine, embossing machine, die cutting machine, coding machine, laminating machine, binding machine and other post-press processing equipment.

(4) Other printing equipment:

Self-adhesive printing professional machine, computer-specific single-sheet printing machine, business card.

Special machines, templates, photocopiers, packaging, carton printing machines, etc.

5. What are the mainstream printing equipments in the domestic printing industry?

Take the four-color machine as an example: Heidelberg (Bakai origin: Germany), Gaobao (

Origin: Germany), Komori (origin: Japan), Liang Ming (origin: Japan), Roland (origin: Germany), Guanghua (origin: Shanghai). Among them, European and American printer manufacturers have become the global leaders in printers and related equipment with their cutting-edge product technology, comprehensive printing solutions and excellent services.

6. What is four-color printing?

(1) What is four-color printing?

Four-color printing process generally refers to the use of yellow, magenta and cyan oil.

A printing process that uses ink and black ink to reproduce the color of a color manuscript.

(2) What is spot color printing?

Spot color printing refers to the use of yellow, magenta and cyan. Black ink and four-color ink

A printing process in which ink of other colors is used to reproduce the original color. Spot color printing technology is often used in packaging printing to print a large area of background color.

(3) What products must adopt four-color printing process?

Color photography reflects the richness of nature.

Cultural photos, artists' colorful works of art or other pictures containing many different colors must be scanned and separated by electronic extension or color desktop system for technical requirements or economic benefits, and then copied by four-color printing process.

7. What do you know about printing paper?

(1) Paper unit:

G: the weight of one square meter of paper;

B order: 500 sheets of paper (factory specifications);

C. Ton: 65,438+0 ton = 65,438+0,000 kg, as usual.

Calculate the paper price.

(2) Paper specification and name

A. There are four most common paper sizes:

① Orthographic paper: length 1092 mm, width 787mm；;

② Large paper: length 1 194 mm, width 889mm；;

(3) Carbonless carbon paper: There are positive and generous specifications, but there are paper and medium paper.

The prices of paper and backing paper are different, among which medium paper is more expensive.

B. The most common name of paper:

A typing paper (colored typing paper): 28g orthographic paper specifications: used for paper and forms, with seven colors of white, yellow, blue and green.

B, glossy paper: 1, 28-40g. Normal specification: glossy on one side, used for paper, forms and notes. It's low-grade printing paper.

C, writing paper: 55- 100 is both generous and positive, used in lower grades.

Printed matter, domestic paper is the most.

D. Double-coated paper: 60- 150g, which is both generous and correct. It is often used for mid-range printed matter, domestic, joint venture and imported. (60 g, 70 g, 80 g,100g,120g,150g)

E newsprint: 55-60g roll paper, orthogonal paper and newspaper are selected.

F, carbonless copy paper: 47-52g, square, with direct copy function, divided into three kinds of paper, the upper, middle and lower kinds of paper can not be exchanged or reused, the paper price is different, there are seven colors, and it is often used in tables and tables.

Coated paper: 80-300g coated paper is both positive and generous, with

For high-end printed matter. (80g,105g,128g,157g, 200g, 230g, 250g, 300g)

H, Asian art paper: 105-300g is used for elegant and high-grade color printing.

(105g,128g,157g, 200g, 230g, 250g, 300g)

1. White board paper (white board paper, white board paper): 250g or more, coated with white background, used for packaging.

J, white cardboard: 230-300g double-sided white, used for mid-range packaging. (2 10/0g, 230g, 250g, 300g, 350g)

K. Kraft paper: 80- 150g is used for packaging, cartons, document bags, document bags (120g) and envelopes (ordinary envelopes 100g). (60g, 80g,100g,120g,150g with white kraft paper)

Second, the printing technical terms:

1. printing: the process of transferring graphic information from the original to the substrate by printing plate or other methods.

2. Lithography: A kind of printing by lithography.

Brush method.

3. Lithographic offset printing: an indirect printing method, which first prints the pictures and texts on the printing plate on the intermediate carrier (blanket cylinder) and then transfers them to the substrate.

4, offset press: according to the indirect

Principles of printing. A lithographic printing machine, in which a printing plate transfers pictures and texts to a substrate through a blanket transfer cylinder for printing.

5. Printing plate: a printing graphic carrier used to transfer ink to the substrate. Generally, it can be divided into four categories: relief, intaglio, lithography and stencil.

6. Plate-making: Copy into a printing plate according to the original manuscript.

Process flow.

7. Computerized photo typesetting system

Phototypesetting system: a complete set of typesetting equipment consisting of input device for characters and typesetting instructions, proofreading device, proofreading output device, control device and typesetting host.

8. Text typesetting: the process of typesetting the original text into a specified format according to the design requirements.

9. Print print: contact exposure method is adopted.

The process of transferring information from negative or positive to printing plate or other photosensitive material.

10. Pre-coated photosensitive lithography pre-sensitized plate: in advance.

Lithographic printing plate coated with photosensitive layer and ready to print, referred to as "PS plate".

1 1, finishing after press: making printed matter.

A production process, such as binding, to obtain the desired shape and performance.

12, indirect printing: a printing method in which the ink in the graphic part of a printing plate is transferred to the surface of a substrate through the transfer of an intermediate carrier.

13, substrate: acceptable ink or suction.

All kinds of substances with pigments and pictures and texts.

14, multi-color printing: in a printing process, two or more ink colors are printed on the substrate.

15, folio format: cut a fully opened paper into several small pieces with the same area, and call it how many sheets; How much is the binding fee?

16, Inlaying Guide: Paper Positioning Part of Sheet-fed Offset Press.

17, gripper edge: when sheet-fed printing, printing.

A blank edge left at the front end of a substrate such as a printing plate or paper.

18, Overprint Registration: When printing more than two colors, each piece

The images and texts of color printing plates can be registered accurately.

19. Registration mark: set on the edge of the printing plate.

Cross lines and corner lines are the basis for proofreading and checking registration.

20. Overprinting is not allowed (double eyelids are not allowed): the error of overlapping marks in the process of overprinting.

2 1, color scale: use solid and/or grid tones.

The basic color represented by the color block and the standard of color mixing; Plate-making printing can also be used as a symbol of product color swatch.

22. Four-color offset printing: Four color separation plates of yellow, magenta, cyan and black can be printed with ink, and the offset printing method with basically the same color as the original is obtained.

23. Chromatographic color map: Standard cyan, magenta, yellow and black inks are used to overprint into the sum of color blocks according to different dot percentages.

24. Printed matter: the general term for production and various products using printing technology.

25. Riding on a horse: a method of binding books, such as a cross.

Mount the horse. After the thin book is covered, put it across the iron and put on the nails. (Generally above 32P, no need to ride nails)

26.No. P refers to the opening of 16. (You can also refer to other open numbers)

27. Film: Printed matter is transferred by imagesetter.

Transparent film for electronic documents, used for printing plates.

28. Grams: an important indicator to measure the thickness of paper.

29. Proofing: the process of making printed samples.

30. Film output: the process of outputting film with electronic files.

3 1. offset printing: lithographic printing, the printing method used.

The plate is smooth.

32. Offset paper: A kind of printing paper with no coating on its surface.

Cloth layer, mostly used for stationery, envelopes, etc.

33. Coated paper: A kind of printing paper with a glossy surface, which is mostly used for printing colorful publicity materials.

34. Matte copper: a kind of printing paper, also known as matte powder, whose surface coating is matt-treated, and is mostly used for printing color publicity materials.

Three. List of paper sizes

According to the size, folio is usually divided into three types: large folio

This, medium format and small format. For 787- 1092 paper, 12 format is large format, 16-36 format is medium format, and 40 format is small format, but books with characters as the main content are generally medium format. Except for 6 quarts, 12 quarts, 20 quarts, 24 quarts, 40 quarts and approximate squares, folio shapes are all rectangles with different proportions, which are suitable for books with different properties and uses.

Finished size of printed matter

Number of openings (large) Size unit (mm)

2 open 840*570

4 open 420*570

8 Note 420*285

16 kai210 * 285

32+00 * 140

Number of openings (positive) dimension unit (mm)

2 open 520*740

4 open 370*520

8 open 370*260

16 on 185*260

32+085 * 130

Add unit (mm)

A4 2 10*297 A3 297*420

B5 182*257 B4 257*364

16K 193 * 270 8K 270 * 386

Four, commonly used printing paper and process selection

1, envelope: 250g-300g matt paper or coated paper, coated film or matt film, with die cutting technology. Insert: 128-200g coated paper or coated paper.

2. Album and catalogue: the outer page is 200g-250g, the inner page is 128g-200g matt paper or coated paper (front cover and back cover), and the front cover and back cover are covered with optical film or matt film.

3. Poster Poster: 157g-200g coated paper or coated paper printed on one side.

4. Flag hanging: 200g-300g matt paper or coated paper, coated film or matt film are printed on both sides, and die cutting is optional.

5. Flyer: 128g-200g coated paper or coated paper.

6. Handbag: 200g-300g coated paper, coated paper or white cardboard, covered with plastic film.

7. Forms, stationery and notes: 70g- 100g double-sided adhesive paper, mostly printed in spot color.

8. Envelope and file bag: 100g- 150g double-sided coated paper or kraft paper, mostly printed in spot color.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) cost accounting

1. Prepress expenses: design and production expenses, foreign language translation expenses, photography expenses, film output expenses and proofing expenses.

2. Printing expenses: four-color printing, spot color printing and multi-color printing.

3. Post-press processing expenses: laminating expenses, die cutting expenses, binding expenses, folding expenses, mounting expenses, bronzing (silver) expenses, various printing expenses, embossing expenses and UV expenses.

4. Printing price: prepress fee+printing fee+postpress processing fee+tax.

Sixth, the production cycle

1, usually printing for 3-5 days, when there are many later processes (or quantity

Larger) 5-7 days

2, packaging for 7-20 days (according to the actual situation)

Note: ① In winter and rainy season, the delivery date is later than other times;

(2) Grasp the uncertain construction period and coordinate with the production department in advance.

Knowledge that must be mastered

First of all, the prompt part

1, pay attention to the text.

Please proofread the text every time, especially the text.

Word parts: such as title, company name, address, telephone number, English and Chinese pinyin parts.

2. Pay attention to the color part (color accuracy)

1. Logo and enterprise standard color. If your company has a VI manual,

Please provide us with your color standard and color value as a reference for printing.

B. photos and pictures. If you need to obtain extremely accurate color reproduction for important pictures and photos in printed matter, please provide photos or pictures for our reference so that we can compare them when printing.

C, a large area of color blocks and important color parts. If you are strict about this color, please let us know and we will pay attention to it.

D. Differences between color ink-jet draft, computer monitor, printing proofing, digital proofing and printed matter:

E, the same set of film or electronic documents, but the color of printed matter will be different when printed for the first time;

(1) There will be some differences between different batches of paper;

(2) Different batches of ink will have phase instability;

(3) Different brands and models of printing equipment will be different;

F, according to the original printed matter will have some color difference.

(1) Please refer to Article E;

(2) If there is no electronic file or film, you need to check the color value of the picture.

Reset, so there will be a certain error rate.

G, post-processing will affect color reproduction to a certain extent. For example, the printed matter will make the image more vivid after using the laminating process and UV process.

H, when printed on different materials of paper, its color reproduction will be different.

For example, when choosing special paper with color to print four colors, you should pay special attention. If you choose kraft paper, you should choose spot color printing.

I, spot color printing, you should specify a good color. The color reproduction of spot color printing is incomparable to that of four-color printing, and it can be close to the pre-selected color.

3. Pay attention to the printing process

A. If there are special requirements for printing gold and silver, or if it is made as it is, please explain and provide samples for reference. You know, there are many kinds of gold ink and silver ink.

B. If your printed matter needs to be printed with a large area of patterns or dark colors, you should be careful in the choice of paper, and try not to choose pu paper with low grams for printing, so as to avoid through printing.

C, time is tight

Printing time is rarely flexible and requires technology.

Only by ensuring sufficient production time can the quality be guaranteed. If there is not enough time in the pasting process, the printed matter will be deformed.

4. Post-processing

First, the printed part that needs to be folded needs special attention.

(1) One-sided and double-sided film covering, oiling and indentation should be selected as far as possible, so as to ensure that the crease will not produce fracture effect, which is particularly important in the field printing of 157 g or more, which will increase the manufacturing cost to a certain extent and ensure your printing quality.

(2) Usually, the cover and back cover of the album need to be covered with plastic film, that is, enlarged.

Increasing aesthetics also plays a role in protecting the cleanliness of printed parts.

(3) The handbag does not need to be covered except kraft paper (art paper)

The rest should be covered with plastic film as far as possible, so as to increase its bearing capacity and prevent it from being damaged, and on the other hand, increase its aesthetics.

(4) If the finished product size of self-adhesive printed matter is less than 16, die-cutting technology should be selected, which not only increases the convenience when you use it, but also ensures the accuracy when cutting it into products;

(5) If you have special requirements for packaging and transportation,

Please tell us in time.

For example, printed parts need to be packaged in several packages, and the quantity of each package is required;

If long-distance transportation is needed, whether it is packed in cartons;