Dashilan is the oldest, most famous and unique ancient market and bustling commercial downtown area in Beijing. Within the range of 1.26 square kilometers, a large number of primitive ancient buildings are preserved. These ancient buildings and their "past events in the south of the city" are important cultural treasures and resources of the ancient capital Beijing.
Dashilan, located in the center of ancient Beijing, is an important part of the south central axis and has always been a bustling commercial district in history. Dashilan has a history of 580 years, and the history of this street can be traced back to the first year of Xiaozhong Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty. There was a small class in Beijing at that time. In order to prevent thieves from hiding in the streets and lanes, with the approval of the DPRK, wooden fences have been built at many street intersections in Beijing. According to the imperial edicts of the Qing Dynasty, there were 440 outer city fences approved in Yongzheng seven years, 19 19 in Qianlong/kloc-8 years, and 196 in inner city fences. Dashilan used to be four corridors. Because the fence of this hutong is well-made, preserved for a long time and large in size, it has gradually attracted the attention of Beijing. So Dashilan became the name of this hutong.
Dashilan is located in the south of Tiananmen Square and west of Qianmen Street, with a total length of 275 meters from the east exit to the west exit. Since Yongle (18) in the Ming Dynasty, it has gradually developed into a commercial street with many shops after more than 500 years of evolution. At present, there are 36 shops in this street 1 1 industry, with an average passenger flow of 15- 16 people and more than 200,000 people on holidays. Beijing Qianmen Dashilan is known to almost everyone in China, and it is also famous internationally, which can be said to be far and near. In history, despite ups and downs, this ancient commercial street has its own unique place because it can withstand more than 580 years of historical storms. There is a jingle in old Beijing called "overpass looks at people, dashilan buys things." "Ma Juyuan on the top of the head, feet rising inline, wearing eight-character auspicious symbols and four constant symbols around the waist" are all about the status and prosperity of Dashilan in the early years.
Now, everything has changed except the noise. After the feudal dross was removed from Dashilan, a commercial street scene appeared. In addition to the century-old Jingsi store, Ruifuxiang store, inline shoe store, Liubiju pickles store and Rong Baozhai Four Treasures of the Study, Tongrentang, Zhang Yiyuan Tea House, Changchun Hall and Yueshengzhai cooked butcher shop have all been upgraded. Many exotic foods have their own characteristics, forming a new food culture.
History of Dashilan
Dashilan is a prosperous commercial and entertainment center in Beijing's history. In the past, people praised Dashilan with the reputation that "the essence of Beijing is here, and there is nothing more lively than this".
"Dashilan" was not originally named after this name, but called four corridors, with two or three cloisters nearby. In the map of Beijing in the Ming Dynasty, it was marked with "Four Corridors", but when it came to the Full Map of Ganlong Capital, the name of the above mark was changed to "Dashilan".
Dashilan was built in the Ming Dynasty. In the first year of Hongzhi, Emperor Xiaozong of Ming Dynasty (1488), he ordered to set up fences in the winding streets of Beijing, and sent soldiers to guard against thieves.
By the Qing Dynasty, it had become a major commercial center. Because there is a lot of business, in order to effectively guard against theft, the fence is bigger and more beautiful than other places, so it is called "Dashilan".
After Dashilan became a commercial center, some famous time-honored brands opened here one after another.
In the Ming dynasty, there was the Liubiju sauce garden that had been opened; Tongrentang, a Chinese medicine shop opened during Kangxi period in Qing Dynasty; Ma Juyuan hat shop and in-line shoe store, which opened in Jiaqing period, and Ruifuxiang silk and satin leather goods store, which is one of the eight scenic spots in all directions.
Eat, drink, and be merry, longevity and chief dried fruit shop, Zhang Yiyuan Wenji Tea House, Houdefu Restaurant, Quanjude, etc. Entertainment includes celebration paradise, Sanqing Garden and Guangde Building. There is also Daguanlou Cinema, the first cinema in Beijing that opened in the early years of the Republic of China. China's first film Dingjun Mountain was shown here.
Dashilan block preserved the pattern of "three verticals and nine horizontals" in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. "Three verticals" refers to coal market street, jewelry market street and grain shop street. "Jiuheng" refers to the nine east-west hutongs in Dashilan.
The vulgarity and loveliness of Dashilan.
Text/Fan Shen
Dashilan may be branded as "market consumption" by urban upstarts, and it does represent market consumption. Today, hutongs disappear at a second, leaving only pieces of old shops, black and white gables, precarious small buildings, faces that have remained unchanged for decades, those congested alleys and dusty music shops, which have deceived many people's so-called ring screen cinemas. Here, the flow rate of time is inversely proportional to the crowd.
Dashilan is a street, not only a street, but also the surrounding horizontal and vertical lanes. You can call it a classical shopping center. Under the Zhengyang Gate: Since this gate was built, thousands of swallows have shuttled under the eaves every summer night, unmoved by the change of dynasties. The hour hand on the bell tower of the old railway station in the distance is always at a certain moment. You and I are standing under the iron sign on the street corner, looking west. Layers of signs have been extended to the dim sky, and the ups and downs of 500 years overlap, and the ears seem to be mixed with the sounds of the city of that year. Its glory does not belong to the royal family or the ancestral hall. Belong to citizens and businessmen, peddlers and pawns, mixed in a foreign land.
I think of Wang Min, a hundred households in the Ming Dynasty. He played Emperor Xiaozong and set up fences at the intersections of alleys inside and outside the capital, which were opened during the day and closed at night, in order to prevent thieves and strengthen public security. Dashilan got its name. Now, the east and west fences are gone, leaving only winding narrow lanes. I can still imagine an ancient picture of a policeman and robber, that is, "A thief hears his voice, chases him at night, and hides in a long street …".
Different from the ancient meaning imagined by Liulichang, Dashilan has not accumulated much elegant temperament after several generations. Its long commercial history is recorded in various classics. However, only the stone archway with the words "Jewelry City" is left in the jewelry market, which is no longer the jewelry of the past; In the furnace line of Qian's Hutong, the fire of casting silver ingots has been extinguished for many years. Several time-honored plaques also support the prosperity of this street. We can stop in front of Xiangyi satin shop and look up and admire its intact iron flower facade, iron flower shed covered with roof and exquisite iron flower eyebrows under the shed, although the new green paint is too shiny; We can stroll into Tongrentang, stick to the glass of the medicine cabinet, and watch the flying posture of the century-old ginseng twisting Dunhuang; Or standing in the cool hall of Zhang Yiyuan, smelling the bitter tea; In Guangde Building, the silk and bamboo creak, and the red paper sign reads tonight's drama Pulling Pulley and Empty City Plan; Rui Fuxiang's satin display seems to be an order for hundreds of years; The dog ignored the clay sculptures of Li and Empress Dowager Cixi in front of the shop, holding clay buns in their hands. Their expressions of satisfaction with the clay sculptures and wood carvings were enough to make us laugh.
Even if it is not an old brand, the shops on Dashilan Street are stained with some old-fashioned, old-fashioned, new and bright tempered glass. Some things are dead and unchangeable, just like those seemingly fashionable clothing stores. It is unfair to say that it is new when it is new, but in such a half-bright and half-dark shop, the old electric fans with a history of more than 50 years are slowly turning, and the fashionable styles are placed there, and the times are all produced in a trance.
But I like the vulgar and lovely dashilan very much. Very strange, very cute, can't dress up. After 500 years of robbery, it's like gold paint peeling off over time. It has always been painted at will, and future generations will make do with it. When it's old, paint it with a new color, which is harmonious and disharmonious. However, if you just wipe off the dust in a place, you can see it under layers of paint shells, unlike the ruins where people and the soul of the earth have died, and it is also different from those glamorous fakes. It's alive, rustic, rustic