If you want to go to Dongguan, get off at K237 and take the bus from 2 yuan to Guangzhou Railway Station (of course, you can also take the subway, but it's a bit expensive). Next door and opposite to Guangzhou Railway Station are bus stations (provincial bus station and Liu Hua bus station). There are many buses going to Dongguan and towns.
You must go to the ticket office of the bus station to buy a ticket. Don't believe the lobbying of outsiders, or you will be sold pigs.
Besides, have a nice trip!