"Stone, scissors and cloth" originated in China. Before communicating with Asia, there was no record of "stone, scissors and cloth" in the West. /kloc-Western writers in the late 20th century made it clear that it was an Asian game when they mentioned it.
"Rock, scissors and cloth", as a kind of guessing boxing, has been recorded in China for a long time. "The Whole Tang Poetry" recorded the poem "Waving Orders" and vividly described similar games with metaphors. [1] According to the book Five Miscellaneous Groups written by Ming Metabolism, the tradition of guessing boxing can be traced back to the gesture order in the Han Dynasty. Li Rihua's Notes on Liuyanzhai in the Ming Dynasty said: "vulgar drinking, fighting with finger flexion and extension, is called fist throwing, also known as finger throwing." In Ming and Qing novels, there are many records. In the sixty-third chapter of A Dream of Red Mansions, it was said, "If you share the wine with others, guessing boxing is better than ditty." The 109th chapter of the Water Margin wrote: "Guessing fists means eating wine at a big bowl price." Zhao Yi, a poet in A Qing, wrote a poem, "Always punching the thumb array and signing riddles".
People in China and South Korea generally call it "rock scissors cloth", while the Japanese call it "rock scissors cloth", which is similar to that in Europe and America.
This fact shows that19th century "stones, scissors and cloth" were introduced from China to Japan, and then from Japan to Europe and America.
People in Taiwan Province Province also use paper instead of cloth, which is closer to Japan.
Like Go and Mahjong, "Stone, scissors, cloth" or "guessing boxing" was invented by China people. According to the Five Miscellanies written by Ming Metabolism, the tradition of guessing boxing can be traced back to the gesture order of Han Dynasty.
Mainland: stone, scissors, cloth; Hong Kong: wrapping, cutting and pressing; Taiwan Province Province: scissors, stones and cloth;
Sometimes it is expressed in other order, such as "scissors, stone, cloth", and each place often has its own unique name (see below). This is a skill game widely spread among children and teenagers. Sometimes it has the same function as "coin toss" and "dice toss", that is, it is used to produce random results for decision-making. But sometimes it is not random, because players can judge their opponents' tactics according to their experience, so playing this game has certain skills.
In many cases, such as "Frisbee Competition" or "University Debate Competition", the rules stipulate that "rocks, scissors and paper" are used to decide which team will start (instead of flipping a coin).
"Rock, scissors, cloth" also plays a role in determining random results in real-life role-playing games, because "rock, scissors, cloth" does not need any props.
play
These three basic gestures (rock, scissors, cloth from left to right) can win one of the other two.
rule
The two players clenched their fists first, and then one or both of them read the password together. While saying the last syllable, the two contestants showed their favorite gestures ("stone", "scissors" or "cloth").
Si Tong Borg
A clenched fist.
scissors
Or "scissors", the middle finger and forefinger are straight, and the rest fingers are clenched.
cloth
Fingers straight, palms open. Palm down, or up, or vertical (thumb up).
Every gesture represents a "weapon", and the principle of mutual restraint is: scissors can't cut stones (stones win); The cloth is cut open by scissors (scissors win); This stone is wrapped in cloth. If both sides show the same gesture, it is a draw.
Usually, this short game may be repeated many times, and the winner will be decided by winning two out of three or three out of five.
word of command
People who use Chinese have different passwords in different regions. Sometimes, people use passwords to call this game "Rock, Scissors, Paper".
be trans-regional
"One, two, three!" People from different regions usually use it in competitions. )
"Rock, paper, scissors!"
"guess (cèI)- guess (Céi)- guess (céI)!" (Northern Region)
"Ding (ding)-Ba (gǐng)- Guess (Céi)!" (Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Anhui and other places)
North China
"Guess (cèI)- Ding (dρng)- Shell (Ké)!" (Near Beijing. )
"Crush the scissors bag!" (Tianjin)
"Thumb-hinge-package!" (Tianjin)
"QIA-QIA-Knock (qiāo)!" (Chengde, some people read "Qi" as "qi" with children's sounds. )
"Hey-ho-ho!" (Tangshan)
"Da He QID ā He" (Qingdao)
Eastern China
"Pack, cut and hammer!" (Nanjing)
“qíng—záng—bāng！” (Hangzhou)
“qǐng—dóng—cè！” (Su Hu)
“Hòng—Lèng—Bā！” (Wenzhou)
“Jiāng—Jūn—Bò！” (northern Zhejiang) (much like Japanese)
Guess East and Guess West (Shanghai)
South China
"Bag-cut-pa! (Pearl River Delta Region)
"Sung Hoon grinds more than barbecued pork buns, and mice don't eat bean paste buns!" In Guangdong, "Jiao Mo" is also made of glutinous rice, and "bean paste buns" are also made of "cream buns" or "hamburgers", or just "barbecued pork buns!" Or "hamburger bag!" )
"Hammer scissors cloth!" (Fujian)
southwestward
"Scissors-baggage-hammer!"
"Jingle bells!" (Sichuan area)
"The stone scissors handkerchief is a bag!" (Chongqing area)
"Zhongqing Shi Zaise!" (Zigong area)
northwest
"Guess (càI)- Bao-Chi!" (Lanzhou and its surrounding areas)
"Guess-East Pole!" Or "sword hammer" (Xi 'an)
Hands-free game
In the cold winter in the north of China, even reaching out for a short time outdoors may make people feel uncomfortable, but players can't play games smoothly with gloves on, so hands-free games came into being. Players jump three times with their feet together to achieve synchronization. When landing in the third jump, indicate the "weapon" used according to the position of the foot. Feet together are stones, one is scissors and the other is cloth.
How to play in other countries or regions?
When Australians play this game, the password is often "scissors, paper, stone!" " Or "cloth, scissors, stone!" Focus on "stone" (the last word). Some even shouted, "Hammer, scissors, cloth! The stress position is the same. Gesture when calling the last word ("stone" or "cloth").
Influenced by Japanese-born Brazilians, the password for Brazilians to play this game is "Jan ... knowledge range ... Po!" The stress is on "po" Gesture while shouting "po" Therefore, it is the same as what Australians call it.
Psychological tactics (to be perfected)
In the order of punching, the game has two cyclic sequences, such as starting with scissors. The first one is scissors-cloth-stone-scissors-cloth-stone ...; The second kind is scissors, stone cloth, scissors, stone cloth. Scissors can beat cloth, cloth can beat stone, and stone can beat scissors, so the first step can be called homeopathy (propulsion); Scissors lose to stones, stones lose to cloth, and cloth loses to scissors, so the second order can be called contrarian (reverse push).
Judging from the results of a single game, every punch has three results: win, draw and lose.
On the surface, the winning or losing of each punch is random; But from a psychological point of view, people always decide what to fight this time according to their previous boxing experience (especially the latest boxing), which means that this boxing often depends on the result of winning or losing the last boxing. For example, the last time you threw scissors and the other party threw stones, you lost, and this time you often can't wait to throw cloth; For example, the last time you played "Scissorhands", the other side also played "Scissorhands" and it was a draw. You may play "stone" this time; And if you played with scissors last time and the other person played with cloth, you won, and this time you may play with stones. Losing, winning and drawing are three kinds of results. When the opponent loses, the law is the most common and the best to master, that is, when the opponent loses, he will be eager to win your last punch this time; When an opponent wins, he often thinks that you won't punch like last time, so he often punches like you didn't punch last time.
So a tactic using psychology is like this: when your opponent lost last time, you punched him last time, so you can always win; Last time the opponent won, this time you can make your last punch, and often you can turn defeat into victory. This kind of psychological tactics, especially when the other person's mood fluctuates, has obvious effect.
tactics
Strategies between players can include applying psychology to predict or interfere with opponents' behavior. Use confusing language (for example, "honest stone, but invincible!") "Interference with your opponent is allowed.
Mathematically speaking, the optimal game (according to game theory) is actually a random choice, so when psychological factors are excluded, it is a simple and intuitive game, just like playing a computer. However, the "optimal" here means that there is no better way to play than the expected random probability. However, if the opponent does not adopt the "optimal" strategy, but adopts some "sub-optimal" strategy, random play is not necessarily the best way. In fact, if the opponent is a person or a non-random program, it is almost certain that he has adopted some kind of "sub-optimal" strategy. In this case, you can design a better strategy for your opponent's weakness. The Roshambot computer program designed based on this idea easily defeated human players (even its developer Perry Friedman, who once defeated seven opponents, including former world poker champion phil hellmuth, and won a prize of $800 in August 2006. Darse Billings, a poker player in university of alberta, organized a Roshambot program competition, hoping to study these non-random probabilities and their other applications in computer games through this activity (for example, in poker games, it is an important strategy to discover and speculate the opponent's non-random playing patterns).
Alice Maclean, 1 1 years old, put forward a striking boxing strategy in 2005. At that time, Christie's and Sotheby's negotiated and decided to use the game of "rock, paper, scissors" to decide how to distribute precious antiques. Alice McClane's father Nicholas was an employee of Christie's at that time. He asked his daughter for some advice. Later, according to the reporter's report, Alice McClane's strategy can be summarized as the following rules: "First of all, as we all know, you have to take scissors first. The stone is too obvious, and scissors can win the cloth. "
cheat
Newcomers to this game usually learn a skill quickly, that is, try not to throw cloth until the opponent thinks you may throw stones. In a few extra milliseconds, you can fine-tune your punching strategy. Make your opponent think that you can make cloth or scissors have the same effect; But unless you can make good use of the "double retreat" strategy, the idea of hiding cloth is likely to arouse the intuition that opponents will also publish cloth.
The opening ceremony before punching in is to shout the password ("1-2-3, punch in!") ), this is done to synchronize the two sides of the game, so as to achieve the purpose of punching in at the same time. This is very useful for players who meet for the first time, because the speed of calling the password is usually uncertain. Password is the fastest by default. This will be beneficial to the fast team, that is, he can control the pace of the game and let the opponent spend more energy to catch up with the progress instead of concentrating on the move.
Mathematics and non-recursion
Scissors, stones and cloth are not recursive in mathematics, and the recursive relation R is defined as (a R b and b R c) and then A R C. When a set has reflexivity, antisymmetry and recursion at the same time, it can be called a partial order relation, which is similar to the relationship between "big" and "small" in theory. The larger element in the set is closer to the optimal choice, but it does not exist in this set. Because scissors, stone and cloth are not progressive, for example, stone wins scissors, scissors wins cloth, and cloth wins stone. Because elements A, B and C can be transferred to themselves, this relationship can be called nontransferable.
match
Rock, paper, scissors competitions are occasionally held in different places. Some game websites satirize other game websites. The real competition of rock, paper, scissors is an interesting psychological contest. The strategy of rock, paper and scissors is to choose one at random, but human beings can't be really random, so the technology of competition lies in using the non-randomness of opponents. Some experienced players can reach the finals in a row, which proves that technology can affect the outcome of the game.
In Japan, じゃんけん competitions often appear in TV variety shows, especially among stars. Stones, scissors and cloth are also used to advertise and let the audience participate in the game.
International "Rock, Scissors and Cloth" Association World Championship
Since 2002, the International Association of Scissors, Stones and Cloth has formulated a series of international competition rules, held international world championships every year, and held many regional and national activities all the year round. The tournament not only attracted players from all corners of the country, but also won extensive attention from the international media. The activities of the International Association of Rock, Paper and Scissors are world-famous for its huge cash prizes, elaborate stage and unique players.
Results of the World Championships of the International Association of Rock, Scissors and Paper since 2002.
Gender and nationality of the champion of the host city of the year
2002 Peter Lovering, male, Toronto, Ontario.
2003 Robert Kruger, male, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
In 2004, Lee Ramch, male, was born in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
2005 Andrew Bergel, male, Toronto, Ontario.
Since 2004, American TV network (Fox Sports Network) has started broadcasting the Champions League.