The largest country in the world is Lesotho, which is a landlocked country, but there is only one neighboring country around it, that is, South Africa, which means Lesotho is a "country within a country" within the territory of South Africa. There are three countries in the world, namely Vatican, San Marino and Lesotho, among which Lesotho is the largest one. Lesotho is located on the western slope of Draken Mountain on the eastern edge of the South African Plateau. About three-quarters of the country is mountainous, mostly in eastern Lesotho, with the highest elevation of 3482 meters. The remaining quarter is a relatively flat plateau, located in the west of Lesotho, with an altitude of about 1300 meters.

Lesotho's climate belongs to "savanna climate" in the world climate type distribution map, but due to its high altitude plateau and mountainous terrain, the temperature does not conform to the tropical characteristics and should belong to the subtropical zone. In addition, the leeward slope located on the west side of the mountain range and southeast of the trade wind has less annual precipitation. The rainy season is 10 to April (summer) and the dry season is May to September (winter). Accurately speaking, Lesotho belongs to the "subtropical grassland climate".

The Kingdom of Lesotho was called "Basutoland" before its independence, and was founded by Basuto Chief in the early19th century with Moshoeshoe I as its king. Later, in 1868, British colonists from Europe announced that Basutoland was listed as its protected area, and 187 1 was incorporated into the British colony in Cape Town, South Africa. Later, after World War II 1966, Basutoland declared its independence, established the kingdom of Lesotho, followed the example of Britain and established a constitutional monarchy. This king is the fifth generation grandson of former King Moshoeshoe I, and is called "moshoeshoe ii".

At present, the king of Lesotho is Letsie III, the eldest son of King moshoeshoe ii. Of course, the king is the symbol of Lesotho's supreme power and does not hold real power. Lesotho is also a member of the Commonwealth. Lesotho has a small population, with a total population of just over 2.2 million. Maseru, the capital, has a population of about 300,000. It is the most populous city in Lesotho and the political, economic, educational and transportation center of Lesotho, just across the kaleidoscope river from South Africa.