Warehouse fire protection knowledge
1. Open flames are strictly prohibited in the warehouse. When using naked fire outside the warehouse, you must obtain a hot work permit, be approved by the person in charge of fire prevention, and take strict safety measures. The hot work permit shall indicate the hot work place, time, hot work person, on-site guardian, approver and fire prevention measures.
2. The design, construction and installation of electrical devices in the warehouse must meet the requirements stipulated by the state, and shall be installed, inspected and maintained by electricians with certificates. Each warehouse in the reservoir area should be equipped with a separate switch box, and the keeper must turn off the switch when leaving the warehouse.
3. Electric cookers such as electric stoves and irons and household appliances such as televisions are not allowed to be brought into the warehouse. Protective covers should be set at the parts where sparks are easily generated in lifting and palletizing machinery and equipment. At the same time, the warehouse should set up and install lightning protection devices according to the requirements of national specifications, and regularly test them to ensure that they are in good condition.
4. The warehouse shall be equipped with fire-fighting facilities and equipment in accordance with the relevant national fire-fighting technical specifications. Fire fighting equipment should be set in an obvious and easy-to-get place, and sundries are not allowed to pile up around. The daily maintenance of fire control facilities should be strengthened to keep them in good efficiency. The fire lanes in the reservoir area, the safety exits of the warehouse and the evacuation stairs should be kept clear.
5. The warehouse keeper should be familiar with the classification, nature, storage business knowledge and fire safety system of the stored items, master the operation, use and maintenance methods of fire-fighting equipment, and establish and strictly implement the night duty and patrol system. The agent shall carefully check and supervise the implementation.
6. In the process of design and construction, the warehouse shall be designed and constructed in strict accordance with the current fire control technical specifications and standards. Prevent the fire from the source and control the development of disasters —— According to the nature and specification requirements of the warehouse, set up automatic fire alarm, automatic fire extinguishing facilities, indoor and outdoor fire water supply systems, etc.
Warehouse fire protection requirements
1. In the process of design and construction, the design and construction should be carried out in strict accordance with the current fire technical specifications and standards, and automatic fire alarm, automatic fire extinguishing facilities and indoor and outdoor fire water supply systems should be set up according to the nature of the warehouse, so as to prevent the occurrence of fires from the source and control the development of disasters;
Second, the warehouse should identify a person in charge of fire safety among the legal representative and administrative leaders, be fully responsible for the fire safety management of the warehouse, organize the study of fire laws and regulations, conduct fire publicity and professional training for employees, improve the safety quality of employees, conduct regular fire inspections, and eliminate fire hazards;
Three, according to the technical requirements of fire laying electrical lines, and implement the corresponding explosion-proof grade standard;
Four, warehouse keeper should be familiar with the classification, nature, storage business knowledge and fire safety system, master the operation, use and maintenance methods of fire fighting equipment, establish and strictly implement the night duty and patrol system, and the foremen should carefully check and supervise the implementation;
Five, strictly implement the fire, electricity, explosion-proof safety management system;
Warehouse fire safety management
First, the fire safety management of warehouse storage
Inventory items should be classified and stacked. The area of each stack should not be greater than 100m2, the spacing between stacks should not be less than 1m, the spacing between stacks and walls should not be less than 0.5m, the spacing between stacks and beams should not be less than 0.3m, and the width of main passages should not be less than 2m. Articles stored in the open air should be stacked in categories and in groups, with necessary fire-proof spacing. The total storage capacity of the storage yard and the fire protection distance between the storage yard and the building must comply with the provisions of the Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings.
Class A and B bottled liquids should not be stored in the open air. When they must be stored in the open air, cooling measures must be taken in hot seasons. The packaging containers of Class A and B articles shall be firm and sealed. When articles are found to be damaged, incomplete, deformed, deteriorated and decomposed, they should be handled safely in time to prevent leakage, leakage and leakage. Class A and B articles and general articles, as well as articles that are easy to react with each other or have different fire extinguishing methods, must be stored in different rooms and warehouses, and the name, nature and fire extinguishing method of the stored articles should be marked in a conspicuous place. No office or lounge is allowed in the warehouse of Class A and B articles. When other warehouses need to set up offices, buildings with first-class and second-class fire resistance and no holes can be set up in the corners adjacent to the warehouses, and their doors and windows are directly outside the warehouses. The warehouse layout and storage category for storing Class A, B and C articles shall not be changed without authorization. If it is really necessary to change, it shall obtain the consent of the local public security fire control institutions.
Articles that spontaneously ignite or decompose in water must be stored in a place with low temperature, good ventilation and dry air, and special instruments should be installed for regular testing to strictly control humidity and temperature. Before the goods are put into storage, there should be a special person responsible for inspection, and only after it is confirmed that there are no hidden dangers such as fire can the goods be put into storage. Used oily cotton yarn, oily gloves and other oily fiber articles and combustible packaging should be stored in a safe place and treated regularly. When the warehouse must be heated due to the anti-freezing of articles, water should be used for heating, and the distance between the radiator, heating pipe and the stored articles should not be less than 0.3m
Second, the fire safety management of warehouse loading and unloading
All motor vehicles entering the reservoir area must be equipped with fire shields. When the steam locomotive enters the reservoir area, the ash box and blower shall be closed, and the furnace shall not be cleaned in the reservoir area. The warehouse shall designate a special person to take care of it. Cars and tractors are not allowed to enter the warehouses of Class A, B and C articles. Battery trucks and forklifts entering the warehouses of Class A and B articles must be explosion-proof; Battery trucks and forklifts entering the warehouse of Class C goods must be equipped with safety devices to prevent sparks from splashing. All kinds of motor vehicles are not allowed to park and repair in the reservoir area, warehouse and freight yard after loading and unloading goods.
Temporary buildings and structures shall not be built in the reservoir area. If it is really necessary to build it because of the loading and unloading operation, it must be approved by the person in charge of fire prevention of the unit and removed immediately after the loading and unloading operation. When loading and unloading Class A and Class B articles, the operator shall not wear work clothes and hats that are easy to generate static electricity, and shall not use tools that are easy to generate sparks to prevent vibration, impact, heavy pressure, friction and inversion. Anti-static measures should be taken for loading and unloading equipment that is easy to generate static electricity.
When the fixed lifting device in the warehouse needs maintenance, fire safety measures should be taken, and it can only be carried out after the approval of the person in charge of fire prevention. After the loading and unloading operation, the reservoir area and warehouse should be inspected and confirmed to be safe before leaving.
Three, warehouse electrical fire safety management
The electrical equipment in the warehouse must conform to the current national standards and specifications for electrical design, construction, installation and acceptance.
The electrical devices of Class A and B goods warehouses and Class C liquid warehouses must comply with the current national electrical safety regulations on fire and explosion hazards. Iodine tungsten lamp and incandescent lamps over 60 watts are not allowed to be used in warehouses storing Class C solid articles. When using flame-proof lighting lamps such as fluorescent lamps and other low-temperature lighting lamps, fire prevention measures such as heat insulation and heat dissipation should be taken to ensure safety. Mobile lighting is not allowed in the warehouse. Articles are not allowed to be stacked under the lighting, and the horizontal distance between the vertical lower part and the stored articles shall not be less than 0.5m The distribution lines laid in the warehouse shall be protected by metal pipes or hard flame-retardant plastic pipes.
Each warehouse in the reservoir area should be equipped with a separate switch box, and the keeper must turn off the switch when leaving the warehouse. It is forbidden to use unqualified safety devices. Electric stoves, soldering irons, electric irons and other household appliances such as televisions and refrigerators are not allowed in the warehouse. It is forbidden to pile up items around the electrical equipment in the warehouse and under the overhead line. Protective covers should be set at the parts where sparks are easily generated in lifting and palletizing machinery and equipment. Electrical equipment in the warehouse must be installed, inspected and maintained by qualified electricians. Electricians should strictly abide by all kinds of electrical operation procedures.
The warehouse must set up lightning protection devices in accordance with the relevant national lightning protection design specifications, and conduct regular tests to ensure their effectiveness.
Fourth, the warehouse fire management
Eye-catching fire signs should be set up in the reservoir area. Persons entering the storage area of Class A and B articles must register and hand over matches and lighters.
Open flames are strictly prohibited in the warehouse. When using naked fire outside the warehouse, you must apply for a hot work permit, get the approval of the person in charge of fire prevention, and take strict safety measures. The hot work permit shall indicate the hot work place, time, hot work person, on-site guardian, approver and fire prevention measures. The use of stoves for heating in the reservoir area shall be approved by the person in charge of fire prevention. The person in charge of fire prevention shall, when approving the place where the cooker is used, conduct the examination and approval according to the classification of the stored goods and the relevant fire safety regulations, and formulate a fire safety management system, which shall be implemented by people. Fireworks and firecrackers are strictly prohibited within 50 meters of the reservoir area and its surroundings.
Five, warehouse fire facilities and equipment management
The warehouse shall set up and equip fire control facilities and equipment in accordance with the relevant national fire control technical specifications. Fire fighting equipment should be set in an obvious and convenient place, and articles and sundries are not allowed to be piled around. The fire-fighting facilities and equipment in the warehouse should be managed by a special person, who is responsible for inspection, repair, maintenance, replacement and purchase, to ensure that they are in good condition and effective, and it is strictly forbidden to occupy, bury and misappropriate them. Fire fighting equipment such as fire pools, fire hydrants and fire extinguishers should be checked frequently and kept in good condition. For warehouses located in cold areas, anti-freezing measures should be taken for fire-fighting facilities and equipment in cold seasons. National storage warehouses, specialized warehouses and other large-scale material warehouses for Class A, B and C articles shall be equipped with corresponding alarm devices in accordance with the provisions of relevant national technical specifications, and direct alarm telephones shall be set up with the nearby public security fire brigade. It is strictly prohibited to pile up items in the fire lane, warehouse exit and evacuation stairs in the reservoir area.