Pet bottle chip: polyester chip
Quilt: Represents the loop density of knitted fabric.
Needle drop: needle leakage
Rib: Rib structure
Interlock: double rib structure
Fabric item: terry cloth
PA transparent adhesive: acrylic invisible
White glue: milky white coating. Silver glue: silver coating. Color glue: color coating.
Black rubber: black coating. Gold rubber: gold coating.
PU waterproof and moisture permeable:
Ribstop: grid, ribstop effect: it means that there is a grid effect in the organization.
Tex is a package yarn whose yarn number T is warp W, weft R and twisted yarn D..
Combed yarn k yarn for knitted undershirt
Compared with carded yarn, combed yarn has less short staple, less impurities, straight and parallel fibers, even evenness and better smoothness.
Process flow of ring spinning (for reference only)
Cotton blending-blowing-carding-pre-combing-cotton blending-roving-spinning-bobbin yarn
The above is combed yarn. If the two processes of "pre-combining" and "combing" are removed, it is combed yarn. Generally, spinning is the same process, and sometimes a process may be done twice, such as blending. And a process can be divided into several processes, such as flower washing. If the yarn is sent to weaving after the bobbin, it must be "wrapped".
The following is the knitting process.
Winding-warp preparation (warping-sizing-warping)-weft preparation
Formula =0.0038* Twist Square * Piece Times * Difference Rate of Raw Materials
Multi-twist yarn shrinkage (reverse twist) = initial twist shrinkage *( 1- 1/ number of twists)+multi-twist shrinkage.
Yarn twisting is directional, and the twisting direction is the direction in which the yarn twists back and rotates. There are two directions of twisting, one is called forward twisting and the other is called backhand twisting. The fiber with smooth twist is S-shaped in the axial direction of yarn, so it is called S-twist. The backhand twist is Z-shaped, so it is called Z-twist. Usually, single yarns are mostly Z-twist, and plied yarns are mostly S-twist.
The composition of sea-island silk is polyester, so it is called sea-island silk because the cross section of the fiber is island-shaped, which is mainly used to weave suede. Its English should be:
Sea-island filament or sea-island filament
DOBBY G.G.T is Jiali yarn dewdrop, drip ring, bubble shuttle, shuttle loom water jet and Watt air jet loom.
Cationic yarn is easier to dye than ordinary yarn. It can be dyed with basic dyes. When cationic yarn is blended with ordinary polyester, it can also be dyed with disperse dyes in double sets. Special effects can be obtained by dyeing with dark basic dyes and light disperse dyes in the same tank!
Rotor yarn belongs to mirco fiber series yarn, and it can't be processed and manufactured by domestic technology at present. For example, the sea-island yarn has an opening of 24f, the single yarn has 12f, and its denier is 24x 12=288f. Neither pre-spinning engineering nor post-spinning engineering can show the characteristics of air-spun yarn. In dyeing and finishing, alkali (NaOH) is used to reduce the amount of "sea", that is, spinning yarn.
In the printing and dyeing industry, it is customary to call the jigger a barrel, rather than a ceramic wine barrel, sauce barrel and tile barrel as generally understood. The reason is that vats were really used for dyeing 50 years ago. Later, the first machine used for dyeing was the jig dyeing machine. People in Jiangsu and Zhejiang call this kind of machine dyeing vat for short. Tie-dyeing should be the mistake of pad dyeing, not the tie-dyeing of handicraft tie-dyeing batik.
Seed cotton is cotton with cottonseed directly picked from cotton bolls. Seed cotton is ginned, and cotton without cottonseed is called lint or raw cotton.
Lint price = (seed cotton price-cottonseed price *( 1- lint percentage))/lint percentage,
The unit of seed cotton price, lint price and cottonseed price is RMB/kg.
If the current purchase price of seed cotton is 2.7 yuan/kg, if the cottonseed is 0.7 yuan/kg and the lint percentage is 35% (i.e. 0.35), the purchase price of lint is 6.4 1 yuan/kg, i.e. 64 1 yuan/ton. According to the above formula, 12820 yuan/ton. Machining loss is not considered in the above calculation.
The color fastness of pigment printing is related to many factors, such as the binder and crosslinking agent used, the particle size of the selected pigment, the drying or baking temperature after printing, the printing substrate and so on. The main reason for the poor feel of pigment printing is the choice of binder and crosslinking agent. Of course, if the pigment particles are too large, it will also have a certain impact on the feel of printing. Ink-jet printing refers to the principle of using four-color printing. * * There are 4-8 ink cartridges, so it will spray ink. Ordinary printing processing fee is 2- 10 yuan/meter.
Mercerizing, gas treatment, dyeing).
Mercerizing, singeing and dyeing
Generally speaking, polyester staple fibers on the market are divided into three categories.
Large chemical fiber:
Polyester chip or melt direct spinning staple fiber
Features: good color, large batch, stable strength, few defects and good spinnability.
China chemical fiber:
The price and quality of spinning polyester chips or polyester recycled materials with the same specification are between maximization and minimization (mainly used by some spinning mills to blend with Dahua to improve competitiveness).
Small chemical fiber: spinning with PET recycled materials, the price and quality are different, suitable for national conditions.
And exported to some markets and fields with low quality requirements (such as fillers, etc. )
Generally speaking, the staple fiber spun by slicing is basically free of defects, with uniform fiber thickness, smooth surface and smooth hand feel (but depending on where the staple fiber is used, there is a difference between adding silicon and not adding silicon). If staple fibers are drawn by hand, the strength of chip spinning is generally good, the batch number is large, there is no color difference, and the physical index is uniform.
Generally, small chemical fibers, or short fibers produced by recycled materials, have less batch numbers, and the same algebraic feel is not as good as that of large chemical fibers (except after treatment), and occasionally there is uneven thickness, which generally exists objectively, and the physical indicators made by conventional recycled materials are slightly worse (strength, etc.). ~).
Machine number: 1 inch number of needles on the cylinder of large circular knitting machine.
Soybean protein fiber
The fiber has excellent properties and many advantages of natural fiber and chemical fiber. It not only has the characteristics of fine monofilament, light specific gravity, high strength and elongation, good acid and alkali resistance, good luster and good hygroscopicity, but also has excellent wearability such as cashmere-like soft handle, silky soft luster, moisture absorption and moisture conduction of cotton fiber, warmth retention of wool and so on.
Because of its excellent properties, the fiber can be widely used in the field of clothing. Pure spinning of soybean protein fiber, blended with wool, silk and cotton, is a high-grade fabric that can not only meet the comfort of consumers, but also meet the aesthetic characteristics. It can be used to produce high-grade underwear, cashmere sweaters, close-fitting clothes, high-grade casual clothes, suits and sportswear, and has a unique style different from ordinary products.
The fiber uses high-energy technology to separate globulin from soybean meal, and after purification, it is grafted with nitrile group and hydroxyl polymer, and then mixed with * * * poly, * * * to make protein spinning solution with a certain concentration. It is wet-spun with modern spinning equipment.
Tencel: It's a cellulose fiber. Using solvent spinning technology, the dry strength is slightly lower than polyester fiber, but obviously higher than ordinary viscose fiber. Compared with viscose fiber, its wet strength is obviously improved. It has very high rigidity, good dimensional stability after washing (shrinkage rate is only 2%), high hygroscopicity, round or oval fiber section, beautiful luster, soft hand feel, good drape and good elegance. Generally speaking, Tencel has: 1 cotton softness, 2 polyester high strength and 3 wool warmth.
But it is easy to harden in hot and humid conditions, and it is not good in cold water.
Melt spinning: the high molecular polymer is heated and melted into a spinning melt with a certain viscosity, which is continuously and uniformly extruded to the spinneret by a spinning pump, pressed out through the fine holes of the spinneret into a filament stream, then cooled and solidified in air or water, and stretched into filaments. (nylon, polyester, polypropylene)
Dry spinning: dissolving high molecular polymer with volatile solvent to make viscous liquid suitable for spinning. Spinning mucus is extruded from the spinneret to form a silk stream, and the solvent in the silk stream is rapidly volatilized and solidified through the hot air jacket, and then stretched into filaments. Wet spinning: fiber-forming high molecular polymer is dissolved in solvent to make spinning solution, which is sprayed by spinneret to form viscose filament flow and enters coagulation solution. Due to the diffusion of solvent in viscose filament flow and the penetration of coagulant into viscose filament flow, filament flow solidifies into fibers.
Wet spinning is characterized by many spinnerets, but the spinning speed is slow, which is suitable for spinning short fibers, while dry spinning is suitable for spinning filaments. Usually, the same kind of chemical fiber is spun by dry method, which has uniform fiber structure and better quality than wet method.
Knitting can be divided into weft knitting and warp knitting. Weft knitting: Using one or more yarns to form loops in the transverse direction (weft direction) of the cloth surface.
Warp-knitting: Use multiple yarns to form loops in turn along the longitudinal direction (warp direction) of the cloth surface at the same time. Please pay attention to their definitions, weft knitted fabrics.
It can be formed of at least one yarn, but in order to improve production efficiency. Usually, multiple yarns are used for knitting. Warp-knitted fabrics can't be made of only one yarn, but only a chain (knitting chain) made of one loop.
All weft-knitted fabrics can split yarns in the reverse knitting direction, but warp-knitted fabrics cannot. Warp-knitted fabrics cannot be woven by hand.
Warp-knitted fabrics are divided into two categories, one is Raschel fabric, which is mainly characterized by large patterns, rough cloth surface and many holes, and is mainly used as decorative fabrics. The second is warp-knitted fabric, with fine surface and few colors, but high output. Mainly used as cover cloth and printed cloth. This kind of fabric mostly uses chemical fiber filaments, otherwise the production efficiency is extremely low. texitle fibres