When investigating an industrial park in the west, Jinbide Research Institute found that there are many industries such as glass manufacturing, mechanical processing, printing and packaging, building materials and so on. In the park with only 1.5 square kilometers, the location is unclear and there is no feature. Moreover, some enterprises in the park have assets of over 100 million, and some enterprises have total assets of less than one million. Enterprises of different sizes cannot be merged. This kind of industrial park urgently needs a clear industrial orientation. By changing cages for birds, enterprises with no characteristics and small scale will be adjusted out, industries with large scale that can give full play to the comparative advantages of the park will be developed, and similar leading enterprises and supporting enterprises will be introduced to form industrial clusters or even industrial clusters. China is facing a new round of industrial transfer and industrial structure adjustment, and industrial parks around the country are in full swing to adjust industrial institutions and upgrade industries. With superior investment environment, solid industrial base and rich advantages in capital, technology and talents, industrial parks in the eastern region are vigorously developing high-tech industries, creative industries and service industries. The original processing, manufacturing and labor-intensive industries will be gradually transferred out. Some industrial parks in the western region have not fully realized the differences with the eastern region, neglected their own comparative advantages, are not satisfied with the industries transferred from the eastern region, and have to develop high-tech and high value-added industries. Due to the lack of necessary growth environment, not only high-tech and high value-added industries have not grown up, but also the development of advantageous industries such as labor-intensive industries has been affected.
When Jinbide Research Institute planned the scientific development of advantageous industries in an industrial park for a certain area in Chongqing, the local government hoped to develop the whole marine engine industry by relying on three enterprises producing large marine engine parts in this area, and enhance the added value and technological content of products. However, after careful investigation and analysis, Jin Bide's research group found that the local area is not suitable for developing the whole engine industry of large ships. First, the engines of large ships are high-tech and difficult, and only a few enterprises can produce them, and most of them belong to the two major shipping groups in China. The development of the whole engine industry is subject to the macro-control of the two groups. Second, the ship's engine is huge, weighing thousands of tons, and it is transported by water, which is suitable for the development of coastal areas, and there is no transportation condition in the local area. Third, the large marine engine industry is a high-tech and high value-added industry, and the eastern region has also provided many preferential policies for the introduction of this industry. According to the advantages and development trend of the local shipbuilding industry, Jin Bide's research group positioned the local leading industry as the shipbuilding industry. Natural resources such as minerals, forests, grasslands and social resources such as manpower, information and capital constitute the resource endowment of a region. Industrial parks should give full play to the advantages of local resources, take Scientific Outlook on Development as a guide, and make industrial orientation on the premise of effective utilization. Such as Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and other eastern developed cities, have outstanding advantages in social resources, abundant human resources, vast information resources and strong financial foundation, which are suitable for developing urban economy and creating tertiary industry, creative industry, high-tech industry and other economies. On the contrary, the central and western regions are often rich in natural resources and suitable for developing natural resource-based industries.
In the first half of 2007, Jinbide Research Institute made an industrial plan for houma city Houbei Industrial Park. Based on the rich mineral resources in Quwo County, Xiangfen County, Jiangxian County and Yuanqu County within the range of 100 km around houma city, the annual output of coal is 30 million tons, coke160 thousand tons and pig iron is more than 9 million tons. Therefore, the leading industry in the park is positioned as metallurgical casting industry, developing copper smelting and deep processing industrial base and pig iron smelting. After the industrial park develops to a certain stage, it is necessary to adjust the industrial organization and upgrade the archives to promote its sustainable development. Industrial parks in eastern developed areas such as Beijing-Tianjin-Tanggu, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta are gradually shifting traditional industries with high energy consumption, low output value and labor intensity, and gradually taking creative industries, building economy and urban economy as the next stage of industrial positioning.
For example, Meng Qing Development Zone in Quanzhou, Fujian Province, after more than ten years of development, has owned six major industries, such as textiles and clothing, sporting goods, electronic information, biomedicine, mechatronics and advanced handicrafts, but it is facing problems such as shortage of land resources and urgent need to upgrade industries. Jinbide Economic Management Research Institute is making an industrial plan of "Old Park, New Development" for Meng Qing Park. After careful investigation and analysis, Jinbide Quanzhou Research Group proposed that Meng Qing Park should adjust its industrial structure on the basis of the original industry, develop building economy and urban economy on the limited land resources, increase the output value per unit area, upgrade industrial institutions and promote the sustainable development of the park. The industrial development of industrial parks should be planned in advance, adhere to the principles of high starting point scientific planning, high standard scientific design and high level supporting services, base on the present and look to the future, not only actively forge ahead, but also follow the law of scientific development, do a good job in industrial positioning and formulate practical development plans.
The development of industrial parks should be good at making use of external brains to make overall planning with high starting point and high standard, learn from the successful experience of industrial parks in the eastern region, draw lessons from their failures, give full play to the advantages of latecomers, avoid detours and pay heavy environmental costs for economic development.
The development of industrial parks should abandon the extensive, resource-consuming and low-level development model, give full play to the guiding and normative role of planning in industrial parks, and ensure the coordinated, healthy and orderly development of all construction work and investment attraction in the park in accordance with the overall planning. Investment attraction is closely related to industrial orientation. Investment promotion should be carried out in strict accordance with industrial orientation, relying on industry, giving full play to comparative advantages, attracting investment around industrial leading products and their upstream and downstream products, forming industrial agglomeration, and realizing fault splicing and blank filling of industrial chain.
Industrial investment should be targeted, relying on industrial positioning to attract investment, and should not be caught by eyebrows and beards. We can't ignore the industrial positioning just because the park is in its infancy, let alone increase the output value, and people who come will not refuse. Otherwise, there will be many industries, disorder and lack of focus, which is not conducive to the sustainable development of the park and the subsequent investment attraction. For example, after Jinjiang City, Fujian Province has determined the planning objectives of five major industries, such as sports shoes, clothing and snack food, according to this positioning, the key targets of Jinjiang's investment promotion are these five industries, and other enterprises that do not meet the industrial positioning will be ignored. The development of industrial park needs not only the perfection of hard environment such as roads, factories, water and electricity, but also the perfection of soft environment such as science and technology, talents and information. A park with clear industrial orientation needs to build a good soft environment around the development of industrial orientation in order to become stronger and bigger.
Establishing scientific and technological research and development system around industrial orientation. When an enterprise develops to a certain stage, it cannot do without a large amount of investment in R&D, but R&D often takes up a large amount of funds, which hinders the development of the enterprise. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the trinity R&D Industry-University-Research platform of government, enterprises and universities. Focusing on industrial orientation, joint enterprises, universities and research institutes will establish application technology market transformation centers, patent technology transformation centers and postdoctoral workstations to serve the research and development of enterprises in the park and promote the improvement of technical level and industrial science and technology content.
Establish a talent training base around industrial orientation. The development of enterprises in industrial parks needs different levels of talents, and many enterprises are facing the difficulty of introducing talents. Therefore, according to the needs of enterprises, talent training bases should be established to provide enterprises with the required talents at all levels. For example, there are 3 1 vocational colleges in Yongchuan District, which have the ability to train100000 professionals, but they are out of touch with the actual demand of enterprises for talents and cannot meet the demand of enterprises for senior talents. Therefore, when making industrial planning for Yongchuan District, Jinbide Research Institute suggested that Yongchuan District encourage and guide institutions such as Chongqing University Town Institute of Science and Technology to establish professional and technical personnel training bases according to the needs of enterprises in the park, and train urgently needed professionals in enterprise management, quality supervision, industrial production, financial statistics and marketing.
Establish an information platform around industrial positioning. Industrial parks should build science and technology museums, information bases and academic exchange centers around leading industries, which can improve the R&D level of enterprises and provide information exchange for enterprises. Establish an e-government platform that provides high-quality, standardized and transparent services for enterprises; Establish an e-commerce platform integrating raw and auxiliary materials and finished products of the park industry, including procurement, distribution and other functions. In order to build an information-based high-tech park, the soft power of the park will be continuously enhanced and new services will be developed.