The principle is that the spring drives the roller with small protrusions on the surface to rotate. When the protrusion passes the reed, it will stir the reed (first slowly lift it, then suddenly put it down) to make the reed vibrate and make a sound. The reed of the music box makes the pronunciation part cut into strips of different lengths on a large steel plate. Drums are equivalent to music scores. It is basically equivalent to an music box, with regular bumps welded on a round shaft and a metal plate nearby. When the circular shaft rotates, the protrusions sweep from the edge of the metal plate. Because of the different bumps, the pronunciation is different. With a fixed speed, a fixed piece of music will be issued as soon as you turn around. [Edit this paragraph] The origin of the music box To explain the term "music box", we must first understand what "music box" is. There is such a record in the ancient three-character scripture of China: "Hey, earth leather, wood, stone and gold. Silk and bamboo are eight tones. " It can be seen that it is the general name of ancient musical instruments, that is, eight categories: páo, earth, leather, wood, stone, gold, silk and bamboo. Sheng and cymbals in ancient musical instruments belong to the category of Shu; Equivalent soil types; Drum belongs to leather; Wood such as wood fish; Qingdeng. Belonging to rocks; Bells, bells, etc. Belonging to gold; Qin, Qin belongs to silk; Pipe, flute and flute all belong to bamboo. It is not difficult to see that clay, leather, wood, stone, gold, silk and bamboo all refer to the raw materials used to make musical instruments. These eight raw materials can be said to be the raw materials for making all musical instruments. The word "music box" is a vivid and colorful definition. In other words, this box contains the sounds of all musical instruments, including the sounds of all musical expressions. Later, the use of perforated paper as a "music score" and the emergence of compressed air speakers prompted the advent of the phonograph. Then it once led to the decline of the music box. Until the 1960s, Swiss couple Guido Rui Jue, the birthplace of music boxes, rediscovered their traditional family business. Ruijue Company, founded by them, is still the only company in the world that makes music boxes by hand ... The first Shanghai Music Box Treasures Exhibition Hall with an area of 400 square meters in China opened, displaying more than 200 classic music boxes of different ages and types carefully selected by Lanshan Music Box Museum in Kyoto. [Edit this paragraph] Music box history 1796, a Swiss Antoine Fables developed a cylindrical music box, which is the oldest music box in the world. It is reported that the world's oldest music box is collected by Japan's "Lanshan Music Box Museum in Kyoto" and only publicly displayed in Shanghai for 1 year. The music box born in 1796 is so small, only about 10 cm high. Invented and produced by watchmaker Anto Fabres, it is actually a very practical and luxurious pure gold stamp, but there is a music box hidden at the bottom. When people turn the ring in the upper part of the stamp to wind it up, the switch on the base starts to play. Antoine Fabres' invention is to play music by plucking metal pieces with "cylinder device and adjusted metal comb teeth".
Music boxes were very expensive in the 18 and 19 centuries because of their exquisite craftsmanship. It is only circulated among nobles, and ordinary people look at the ocean and sigh.
Classification:
Disc music box: the disc rotates, and the protruding part behind the disc makes the claw wheel rotate. The claw wheel moves the comb teeth to play music, and the music can be changed just by changing the film.
Cylindrical music box: the cylinder rotates, and the comb teeth are played by needles installed on the cylinder. The oldest music box in the world is made according to this principle. [Edit this paragraph] The melodious music of the music box in the development of musical instruments often evokes people's memories of the good past, and even haunts them and falls into the memory of time and years. Perhaps the greatest charm of the mechanical music box, which has been popular in the global market for more than 300 years, is that it can solidify abstract music into concrete works of art and become the best choice for people to express their beautiful feelings and remember the lost years!
The development history of mechanical music boxes can be traced back to1early 4th century. The clock device hung on the church bell tower was invented. This kind of musical instrument, played with clockwork, can emit crystal clear music, which was once popular in Holland, Belgium and northern France. Switzerland has been the center of this technology since 18 1 1 years ago. Just like the Swiss watch industry, the two complement each other and dominate the world for some time.
After World War II, American soldiers brought the exquisite music box to Japan, which gave great comfort to this nation that groaned in pain after the war. Japanese technicians learned from Swiss manufacturing technology and made further updates, which reduced the cost of music boxes at that time and increased the output. Just as Japan's watch industry rose rapidly after the war, the exquisite music box made in Japan defeated many manufacturers located in Jura Mountain area of Switzerland on a global scale.
This situation continued until the 1990s. With China's reform and opening up, China's economy has gradually integrated into the international community, and the global machinery processing industry has begun to tilt towards China, and music box manufacturing is no exception.
The product development of music box for more than 300 years is also the historical verification of the development of human civilization for more than 300 years. The shapes of music boxes in different periods can reflect the different social mentality and the present situation of civilization development at that time, and also become a mirror of the times.
Nowadays, the manufacture of music boxes, continuing the tradition and combining with modernity, is becoming the pursuit of many tasters, either for a period of time, for an emotion, for pursuing music, for nostalgia, or for beautifying the room, and so on. [Edit this paragraph] Harumi Yamada, a Japanese music box collector, recently kept 200 of the 4,500 music boxes that she spent more than ten years collecting in the Music Box Treasures Museum of Shanghai Oriental Art Center, including the world's first music box invented by 1796, the largest cabinet music box and so on.
On February 2nd, 65438+KLOC-0/day, more than 200 pieces of antique music boxes with different shapes were officially exhibited in the Music Box Treasures Museum in Shanghai Oriental Art Center.
Mini pure gold crown, elegant carved wooden cabinet, pear wood piano with automatic music-these objects that have nothing to do with the music box at first glance can play crisp and melodious jingle as long as they are wound up or connected to the power supply.
The first music box invented by Anto Fabres, a Swiss, in 1796, the largest cabinet music box for singing, which requires extremely high performance environment, is called the most "exquisite" music box-these are the treasures of Japanese collector Yamada Harumi. Among the many exhibits, a crown-shaped music box with a diameter of about 3 cm became the protagonist on the opening day of the exhibition. This is the first music box invented by Antoine Fabres of Switzerland in 1796. Although hundreds of years have passed, the spring and gear of the inner box are still intact, which can not only play music, but also be used as stamps.
"This is the most precious one of my many collections," said Harumi Yamada. A pear-blossom guqin is still playing beautiful music when no one is playing it. Seeing the reporter's surprised expression, Harumi Yamada approached the piano, pulled up the top cover of the piano box, and explained, "This kind of piano, which uses perforated paper as a' score', uses compressed air to stir the airbag, and then pulls the arm to play, was produced in the19th century and is the predecessor of the phonograph."
"This automatic piano is the most exquisite one in the music box." In order to make these antiques play smoothly in the exhibition, Harumi Yamada strictly controlled the air temperature, humidity and air pressure in the piano at a fixed value. "Humidity will affect the timbre of the xylophone, temperature will affect the contraction force of the power airbag, and pressure will determine the vertical speed of the keys." In order to make every collection of antique automatic pianos work perfectly, Yamada Harumi also specially hired craftsmen to take charge of the maintenance of these antique pianos. These "guardians" have been accompanying and working with these pianos for many years.
"In others' eyes, accompanying the music box is a happy job. This is not the case. " Talking about the work of finding and protecting the music box, Harumi Yamada smiled and summed it up in one sentence: "When I look for those well-preserved ancient music boxes, no news is the worst news; No news is the best news for me when the care workers repair and maintain these music boxes. "
Harumi Yamada often tells her employees that serving music boxes and enjoying them are often inseparable. Because the number of antique music boxes is limited, it is often more difficult to find them than to repair them. It takes six months to find a music box and one year to repair it-this is a common practice for harumi Yamada.
Music box has always been an aristocrat in music crafts in history. Since the birth of18th century, its price has remained high due to exquisite technological requirements. /kloc-after the 0/9th century, clickable interchangeable music boxes began to appear in crowded stations and bars, but the price was still beyond the reach of ordinary people. Before the phonograph appeared, the music box had always been an unreachable dream of the civilian class. "After the advent of the phonograph, the history of the music box was once over. It is precisely because they have always been collected by nobles that the number that can be circulated in the market is really there. " Talking about the hard work of guarding the music box, Harumi Yamada is "helpless": "For these non-renewable and reproducible antiques, giving it up means that there is one less wonderful musical instrument in the world."
"After the opening ceremony of the exhibition in Shanghai, I want to get back to Japan immediately. It is reported that there is an antique music box waiting for sale in Europe. I have to go and see it at once. " At the end of the interview, Harumi Yamada said, "Although the chance of disappointment is always higher than the chance of joy, I never give up looking."
Speaking of music box, it always reminds people of a stupid plastic box. Singing is a tune, and at most a one-legged dancer stands on it and keeps spinning. However, this year's popular musical instrument (box) changed its clumsy appearance, and its style, repertoire and timbre suddenly became rich, becoming a good gift for people to visit relatives and friends.
A piano can sing 10 songs.
The reporter saw in a newly opened store on Nanjing West Road that there are many styles of musical instruments this year. Octagonal flower boxes and white wood inlaid flower boxes are simple and vigorous, and sculptures and guqin are elegant and chic. The largest upright piano instrument is about 1 m high, and the smallest key chain instrument is only 2-3 cm long, so it can be worn with you. Materials include glass, crystal, wood, copper, etc. Prices range from 30 yuan to 58,000 yuan.
Unlike the previous music box, which can only play one tune, the current music box can sing ten and eight. It is understood that there are more than 800 popular music tracks on the market, from classic world famous songs to popular music.
Look good, sound good, be respected.
According to reports, in the past, the music box only had 18 tones, but after technological innovation, this year's Shanghai music box has 30, 50 and 78 tones. An octave piano playing The Story of Spring has reached 156, 68 keys more than the piano. Sounds like the sound of nature.
The reporter found that although many musical instruments are expensive, the public has a special liking for this kind of music gift. One of the best sellers is octave, a crystal photo frame. Many couples put wedding photos in photo frames, which are beautiful and pleasant to listen to, and can also be engraved with greetings according to customer requirements, which is a wedding gift that everyone likes.
It is reported that up to now, only Swiss, Japanese and China have the production technology of musical instrument, and the domestic price is only half that of foreign countries. No wonder the Bayinqin attracted many Japanese guests only a few days after it landed in Shanghai, and they all bought high-grade Bayinqin with a price of 10,000 yuan.
Compose your own music and entertain yourself.
The reporter also saw a musical toy called "Yaoyaole". In fact, it is to manually punch an octave and play music according to the dense holes on the paper tape. At the time of purchase, the merchant also provided a blank paper tape on which children can punch holes to "compose music", so that they can "shake" their own songs and enjoy themselves. It is reported that similar musical toys, as a successful example of entertaining in Japan, have also been included in the syllabus of primary schools.
China's first musical instrument with intellectual property rights was born in 1992 in Yun Sheng, Ningbo, China, which marked China's full participation in the global musical instrument market competition. Now, Yun Sheng has made more technical updates in the manufacturing process of musical instruments, and obtained more than 50 invention patents in many countries and regions, which greatly improved the musical instruments in terms of sound quality, volume, composition and design. At present, Yun Sheng Bayinqin has occupied the global market share of Bayinqin14, ranking second in the world, second only to Japanese Sangong.
Yun Sheng Bayinqin Store opened the first store in Beijing in Beijing Oriental Xintiandi, which is the only Bayinqin store with a domestic brand. There are nearly 120 kinds of musical instruments in the 66-square-meter shop. As long as you walk in, you can feel the wonderful enjoyment brought by the clear and translucent sound quality of the instrument.
Here, the price of musical instruments is not very expensive, and it is very suitable as a gift for your friends. Among them, the price of 30 musical instruments is around 500 yuan, and the price of 50 musical instruments is almost thousands. But its beautiful appearance has won the favor of many white-collar workers.
The shapes of music boxes in different periods can reflect the different social mentality and the present situation of civilization development at that time, and also become a mirror of the times. The melodious music of the music box often evokes people's meeting about the beautiful past, and even haunts them and falls into the memory of time and years. Perhaps the greatest charm of the mechanical music box, which has been popular in the global market for more than 300 years, is that it can combine abstract music,
Solidified into figurative works of art, it has become the best choice for people to express their beautiful feelings and cherish the memory of lost years.
There are many similarities between Japanese characters and China characters. Music box translated into Chinese is "music box". It is said that in medieval Europe, the bell tower of17th century was tuned to play music. At the end of 18, octave is designed to play monotonous music, with electric bells and electric bells as sound sources. Later, after various improvements, there were barrel octave, manual octave, humanoid automatic octave and automatic piano.
An automatic piano produced by 1895 demonstrated by the commentator is particularly eye-catching. After listening to the explanation, we learned that the owner of this piano likes music very much. He first looked for the lower part of the piano, but later found it too monotonous, so he looked around for a frame suitable for it and finally found it in America. Want to know how the automatic piano sounds? Just put a roll of paper with a small hole in the middle. Some drum music boxes are stamped from metal plates. It is said that this is based on the principle of tongue agitation. As the paper rolls, the rich and elegant piano sounds pour out like running water.
Special recommendation: There are many modern music boxes with different shapes in the museum shop next to it. Some products copied a hundred years ago can be lifelike, small and exquisite, and the price is above 1000 yen. You will also find EINCHINA printed on a certain part of the music box.
The Shanghai Music Box Exhibition Hall was introduced in City Beat, and I really want to go after reading it. Today, I went to do her hair with Crystal. The exhibition hall is on the fourth floor of the Oriental Art Center. Student tickets to 30 yuan, but not college students, can only buy adult tickets to 50 yuan (do not enjoy the rights and obligations of adults).
However, 50 yuan will be very valuable to interested people. I was decadent before I went to the exhibition hall, and I was "resurrected" as soon as I entered. Because many people don't know that there is such a place in Shanghai, and business is extremely light. Crystal and I are the only customers in the whole museum, and I like this quiet feeling very much.
1796, a Swiss watchmaker invented the world's oldest music box, which was sealed with pure gold. Since then, with the rapid development of music box, the gorgeous music box culture has added a touch of bright color to European music history.
18 15 the manufacturing boom of Swiss cylindrical music boxes 1865 the manufacturing boom of French western-made dolls 1885 the invention of disc-shaped music boxes 1900 ~ 1920 the demise of music boxes 1960.
Wandering in the exhibition hall, I feel that time has stopped. ...
18 15, a beautiful afternoon, the sun gradually set, the color became warm, lost the pride of the morning, and became peaceful and lovely. There is an exquisite wall covering on the wall of the room and a cylindrical music box in the corner. The maid came into the room with exquisite snacks, put down the plate and greeted the host. The master waved gracefully and told her to step down. She wound the music box herself, and then the sound of the piano came. Close your eyes and the music tinkled like spring water.
1865, an earl prepared a birthday present for his daughter. He wanted to give him a doll music box, and he spent a lot of money on skilled craftsmen to create this unexpected surprise. The count ordered that the doll's clothes must be the most beautiful and fashionable in Paris, and even the doll's neat chestnut hair must be embroidered with real hair. Finally, a small music box was installed in the doll's skirt, the music sounded, and the puppet began to spin ... She became her daughter's best childhood companion.
1885, ladies and gentlemen were drinking coffee and killing time in a high-class coffee shop in America. Mr. a wants to propose to Ms. B. A went to the music box in the middle of the coffee shop, dropped a coin and rolled it up. Melodious music rippled in the coffee shop. A knelt under the pomegranate skirt of Ms. B-"Will you marry me?"
You also saw the music box belonging to the poor, the light of "Clown Writer" turned off, the cosmetic bag of women and the cigar rack of men. These were absorbed into the music box, and the deceased brought a little color and emotion. This is the magic of music.
The performance of the music box is here, and all the imagination is here. Then the news about the music box disappeared, and its history came to an abrupt end. Even after that, the Swiss company reinstalled and produced the music box, but that luxurious and glorious time has been cut off and it is difficult to reconnect.
There is no point in letting the music box in your 200 s take you to the history of European music. If you listen carefully and appreciate it … those music boxes are stories.