Secondly, Magalny's statement is mainly political blackmail. At that time, Europe was at the end of the feudal dynasty, and the disadvantages of feudal society had been exposed. In the new stage, Britain urgently needs to increase foreign trade for the primitive accumulation stage of capitalism, and China is the largest resource in Asia, so they continue to open the China market to trade with China.
In my opinion, Britain's original intention is only to exchange trade envoys with China, and then slowly invade China. Emperor Qianlong's reply made them realize the necessity of armed attack, so soon after meeting with Emperor Qianlong, Magalny drew the direction of the Grand Canal and the defense map of Dagu Fort in Tianjin to achieve the purpose of aggression.
As for the truth, I think it should be the survival law of different social forms:
Emperor Qianlong represented the highest ideology of feudal society. His survival rule was that the emperor was supreme, he was the center of the world, and the country he ruled was also the center of the world. Everything was rich.
Madzar Ni represents the ideology of the emerging bourgeois society, that is, the pursuit of equality and freedom, and even unscrupulous access to benefits.