Screen printing consists of five elements: screen printing plate, scraper, ink, printing table and substrate.
Printing is carried out by using the basic principle that the mesh of graphic part of screen printing plate can penetrate ink and the mesh of non-graphic part cannot penetrate ink. When printing, the ink is poured into one end of the screen printing plate, and a certain pressure is exerted on the ink part of the screen printing plate by the scraper, at the same time, the ink moves to the other end of the screen printing plate at a uniform speed, and the ink is squeezed onto the substrate from the grid of the graphic part by the scraper during the movement.
Screen printing originated in China and has a history of more than two thousand years. As early as the Qin and Han Dynasties in ancient China, the method of sandwiched printing appeared. By the Eastern Han Dynasty, batik printing was popular, and the level of printed products also improved. During the great cause of Sui Dynasty, people began to use silk screen to stretch the frame printing, which made the clip printing process develop into screen printing. According to historical records, the fine clothes worn in the court of the Tang Dynasty were printed in this way. In the Song Dynasty, screen printing developed again, and the original oil painting was improved. Starch rubber powder is added to the dye to make it become the size of screen printing, which makes the screen printing products more colorful.
Screen printing is a great invention of China. American Screen Printing magazine once commented on China's screen printing technology: "There is evidence that people in China used horse bristles and templates two thousand years ago. The costumes in the early Ming Dynasty proved their competitive spirit and processing technology. " The invention of screen printing promoted the development of human material civilization in the world. Today, two thousand years later, screen printing technology has been continuously developed and perfected, and now it has become an indispensable part of human life.