During the reign of Emperor Jinhui in Hui Di, Zhang Gui was the secretariat of Liangzhou. Recruit local talents to manage Liangzhou, teach farming and mulberry, set up schools, stop the invasion of Xianbei, protect the environment and people, and make many achievements. Since the fall of Luoyang (3 1 1), many people from the Central Plains and Guanzhong area have flowed into Liangzhou. He set up Wuxing county in the northwest of ancient Tibet and Jinxing county in Xiping (now Xining, Qinghai) to deal with refugees. Another five baht was cast through the territory. In 3 14, he died of illness and his eldest son, Zhang Shi, succeeded to the throne. Emperor Sima Ye of the Jin Dynasty appointed him as the military commander of Liangzhou, the secretariat of Liangzhou and Xipinggong. After the death of the Western Jin Dynasty, since 3 17, the Zhang family has been guarding Liangzhou for a long time, and has long used the title of Emperor Jianxing of the Jin Dynasty. Although he was named Jin Chen, he was actually a separatist regime, which was called former cool in history.
During the reign of Zhang Jun and Zhang Zhonghua, Qianliang reached its peak, and its territory was divided into three states: Liangsha and Hehe, with Haitou in the western regions. In today's Turpan area, Gaochang County is established, with its territory "crossing Hehuang in the south, Qin and Gan in the east, Qingshan in the west and Juyan in the north". After the death of 353 AD, the Zhang clan was in constant civil strife, and Liangzhou clan rebelled one after another. After ten years of power struggle, the country declined greatly, and by the time it arrived in Tianxi Zhang, it had lost the present Longnan. In 376, Fu Jian, the master of the former Qin Dynasty, led an attack of 130,000 troops, Tianxi Zhang was forced to surrender, and Qianliang died. Relying on Liangzhou surname, Zhang's former Liang regime has always expressed loyalty to the Eastern Jin Dynasty in order to maintain the people's hearts. Rulers of past dynasties, except Zhang Zuo, all pretended to be the secretariat or state shepherd of the Jin Dynasty and accepted the titles of the Jin Dynasty. In order to communicate with the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Zhang Jun did not hesitate to submit to Cheng Han and Li Xiong. Qianliang fought with the former Zhao and the latter Zhao successively, and defeated the attacks of Liu Yao and Shi Hu many times. However, he was awed by each other's powerful military strength, and he also paid tribute to the former Zhao and the latter Zhao.
Liangzhou, a conservative descendant of Zhang, was a relatively stable area in northern China at that time, and the ancient Tibetan capital was the political, economic and cultural center of northwest China.