The most basic goal of integrated teaching is to cultivate students' working ability, and the higher goal is to cultivate people's comprehensive ability in the process of cultivating professional ability. Help students realize a better life in the future.
All teaching methods and means conducive to achieving teaching objectives can be applied to integrated teaching. At present, the generally accepted method is to systematically design teaching activities according to the working process. However, in view of the differences in the elements of teaching activities, the design of teaching activities should also respect the laws of education, design teaching in a way that is most acceptable to the recipients and avoid simple application. Especially for some effective teaching forms and methods in traditional teaching, we should inherit and develop them in integrated teaching.
What are the new ideas of current vocational education teaching reform?
Teaching ideas and concepts are the forerunner of teaching activities. Without the innovation of teaching concept, teaching reform and education can't advance. However, the innovation of education and teaching ideas is not only the embodiment of the continuous inheritance and development of various teaching ideas, but also the overall need of education and teaching reform.
First, adhere to the student-centered teaching activities.
The core of teaching activities is not the "teaching" of teachers, but the "learning" of students. With the development of the times, learning will become a way for individuals to survive and develop. Receiving education is not only the basic condition for people to get employment, but also the necessary condition for people to develop continuously. In this case, learning is not only a means of survival, but also the need of life and development. Therefore, in modern education, students are the conscious subject of self-development and perfection. The "student-centered" teaching model focuses on developing students' creativity, requiring teachers to guide students' learning, teach students to master learning methods, enable students to acquire and master knowledge more effectively, and require students to develop in all aspects such as knowledge, ability and quality.
"Student-centered" is a variety of teaching organizational forms that focus on students' autonomous learning and are supplemented by teachers' guidance. In the new teaching mode, teachers are no longer the only source of knowledge, but only as organizers, guides, instructors, promoters and helpers of students' learning. The role of teachers is not only to impart knowledge systematically, but also to "inspire" and "guide"
. In practice, teachers are required to use a variety of teaching methods, provide learning resources as much as possible, highlight key points, break through difficulties, grasp hot spots, solve doubts and doubts in class, teach learning methods when organizing students' learning activities, guide students to think and think, formulate corresponding guidance programs according to students' actual curriculum characteristics, and teach students in accordance with their aptitude to improve learning efficiency and quality. Therefore, students are the main body and center of learning, and their status has changed from passively accepting knowledge to actively building a knowledge system. Students must "learn to seek knowledge", independently determine their learning objectives, choose their learning methods, grasp the learning process and evaluate their learning.
Second, teaching activities should focus on students' employment.
"Service-oriented and employment-oriented" has become the whole society's understanding of higher vocational education. How to establish a higher vocational education model that adapts to China's economic and social development has become a major issue facing higher vocational colleges. Higher vocational education should and can completely innovate a training mode of skilled talents to meet the needs of China's economic and social construction. We believe that we should start from the following aspects: First, establish the educational concept of "people-oriented" and educate students to learn to be human. Students should be clear about the relationship between being a man and learning skills, and the relationship between being a man and using skills. Skills cannot and will not be independent of being a man. Secondly, it is necessary to establish and improve the system of implementing the training mode of school-enterprise cooperation, strengthen internship and training, strengthen the construction of fixed bases, extensively establish internship and training bases of school-enterprise cooperation, allow students to enter relevant units for internship and quasi-employment within a certain period of time, strengthen employment guidance for students, and advocate students to find jobs before choosing jobs. Increase the proportion of "practical training" from the teaching plan, improve the technical level of training, and turn learning skills into training skills. Third, carry out campus cultural activities with employment as the goal. Finally, it is to strengthen the construction of teachers. The construction of teachers in higher vocational colleges should truly implement "four kinds of people", namely, experts and scholars, technicians and skilled craftsmen. Don't talk about heroes with diplomas, talk about heroes with skills, and build a high-quality "double-qualified" teacher team that meets the needs of vocational education.
Third, build an integrated modern teaching method.
The implementation of integrated modern teaching mode involves a lot of content, which is by no means something that a few people can complete in a short time. Only through the comprehensive cooperation of teaching management, student work, scientific research, employment service and other relevant departments, as well as the joint efforts of all teachers, can it be implemented. In order to construct the integrated teaching method, a lot of preparations have been made for the integrated teaching method through various forms, and the overall direction of the integrated teaching method has been grasped. Then, from the reality, according to the existing teachers and students, teaching materials, teaching venues, teaching equipment, etc., a feasible scheme of integrated teaching is formulated and handed over to teachers for discussion. Everyone brainstorms and formulates a reasonable scheme to organize implementation.
The main task of modern teaching is not the transmission of specific information, but the construction of meaning and the teaching of methods. Therefore, the teaching process is
In the integration process of "explanation-understanding-construction", teachers and students construct their own meanings in the process of explaining and understanding the teaching content. From the students' point of view, different students will have different understandings and understandings of the same content because of their different backgrounds, interests, needs and understandings. The same learning content will also accumulate different knowledge and skills because of the individual differences of students. Therefore, in the process of integrating teaching, the significance of constructing teaching content is very important. At the same time, the curriculum system of vocational education needs major reform, mainly integrating the curriculum system, abandoning the traditional teaching-oriented curriculum system and adding new knowledge and skills on the basis of experiential teaching to meet the requirements of the continuous development and change of employment skills. This will be conducive to the development of students' personality, and students can choose their own path and the knowledge and skills they have learned.
The integrated teaching method first advocates respecting students' individuality, giving full play to students' subjective initiative and paying attention to students' individual differences and actual situation; Advocate students to create and develop teaching content according to their own experience in teaching activities; The integrated teaching method focuses on cultivating students' comprehensive practical ability and social responsibility, and developing students' problem-solving ability.
Under the guidance of the concept of integration, integrated teaching has become the mainstream of vocational education teaching methods. The basic performance is the integrated teaching method of teaching, practice and service, which makes teaching closer to the actual post demand, improves students' professional ability and quality, and realizes the mutual promotion between teaching and social production. For example, in the teaching process of logistics specialty, the school makes full use of advanced equipment and resources such as logistics laboratory, mechanical CAD/CAM room and teaching practice base to reasonably organize the teaching process and content, which is the real integration of theoretical teaching and practical teaching. In practice, using enterprise workflow or business projects as students' training topics gives students a rare opportunity to exercise, improves their practical interest and practical operation ability, and enhances their adaptability to work.
Fourthly, the teaching paradigm with understanding as the main body.
Guiding students to master knowledge and skills and exploring new subjects is the fundamental task of education and teaching, paying attention to the structure and order of teaching and adopting a step-by-step teaching method. Modern teaching concept regards students' understanding, awakening and experience accumulation as the fundamental task of teaching, so it emphasizes reflective teaching. Its basic idea is that students can realize real understanding by linking information with their unique experiences, real environment and their interactions. Teaching is to let students use theoretical knowledge and popular culture to understand their self-formation process in society and the world. Modern hermeneutics teaching method also describes games as a basic way of understanding.
Reflective teaching should have used general education, but the concept of "taking understanding and experience as the main body" was quickly introduced into the teaching paradigm of vocational education. The key to solving problems is to understand, improve students' ability to solve problems, shorten the distance between students' study and employment, and often use virtual, objective, scenario, case and other teaching methods to improve the pertinence and effectiveness of vocational education.
It is a teaching method that sets up a test site around a certain teaching goal and teaching content, creates an intuitive and real teaching environment and conditions, simulates the production site of an enterprise, simulates the actual operation process of the enterprise, and achieves a certain teaching purpose through careful process control. For example, using the sand table of logistics teaching, the virtual world brings together all kinds of situations in the real world, and the effect is better than the training ground. Post-modern teaching concept reveals "understanding" and "experience" in human spiritual activities, and the wonderful use of virtual teaching paradigm stems from students' experience.
There is an ideal imaginary world in modern teaching philosophy, where no one has the truth and everyone has the right to be understood. Put the teaching process of the course in a simulated specific situation. Through teachers' organization and students' drills, the teaching objectives can be achieved in a refined, pleasant and relaxed scene. In teaching, teachers only explain, not make judgments and conclusions. Teachers are required to explain things and phenomena without making any value judgments, and students should understand and experience them themselves; Teachers don't draw conclusions, students use their imagination; Break the norms of traditional dogmatism and teach students how to interpret their life experiences in a more comprehensive cultural background. Situational teaching not only exercises students' improvisation and practical operation ability, but also enlivens the teaching atmosphere and improves the appeal of teaching. In this teaching paradigm, there is no only correct answer, only students can find the truth through understanding.
5. Teaching is a process of communication and interaction between teachers and students.
The traditional teaching concept holds that the teaching process is mainly the process of teachers' teaching; According to the modern teaching view, the teaching process is an activity process dominated by teachers and unified by students, and it is a communicative activity between teaching subjects with spiritual objects as the intermediary. The teaching subject here refers not only to teachers, but more importantly to students, including not only teachers and students, but also teachers and students. The concept of teaching communication breaks the narrow vision that traditional teaching only regards teaching as a special cognitive process, and then regards teaching as a communicative activity and a phenomenon of communication and cooperation.
How to realize the common development of teachers and students in this new relationship between teachers and students? The interaction between teachers and students requires teachers to treat students with a truly equal attitude. In the teaching process, we should strive to realize the "dialogue" with students in the curriculum ecological environment, so as to change the one-way transmission mode of teachers' condescending to students and let the classroom create new wisdom in the positive interaction between teachers and students. We must grasp the basic principle of equality: equal communication is the basis and prerequisite for establishing harmonious interpersonal relationships. The equality mentioned here is not only the equality of personality, but also the equality of classroom resources and classroom time.
In fact, both teachers and students will learn knowledge from each other to varying degrees. This kind of teaching is truly all-round communication. Because communication in teaching communication is often realized through "dialogue". It emphasizes the "openness" and "acceptance" of both sides, and it is an activity to realize spiritual communication and create meaning together through mutual listening, acceptance and enjoyment.
The basic attributes of teacher-student communication in the teaching process are interactivity and reciprocity. Communication theory emphasizes the dynamic information exchange between teachers and students, through which teachers and students can interact, communicate, influence and supplement each other, so as to achieve * * * knowledge, * * * enjoyment and * * * progress. This is the true meaning of teaching and learning. Communication shows that teaching is not the mechanical addition of teachers' teaching and students' learning. Teachers' teaching in the traditional sense and students' learning in the strict sense will give way to mutual teaching and learning between teachers and students, and they will form a real "integration of learning" with each other. For teaching, communication means dialogue, participation and co-construction. It is not only a way of teaching activities, but also an educational situation and spiritual atmosphere that permeates between teachers and students. For students, communication means the opening of mind, the prominence of subjectivity, the display of personality and the liberation of creativity. For teachers, communication means not imparting knowledge in class, but sharing understanding together; Class is not meaningless sacrifice and waste of time, but a process of life activities, professional growth and self-realization. Communication also means the change of teacher's role orientation: the teacher has changed from the protagonist of teaching to the "equal chief", from the traditional knowledge giver to the modern promoter of student development. It can be said that it is an important task of the new curriculum teaching reform to create an interactive and mutually beneficial teaching relationship on the basis of teacher-student communication.
How about Liaoning Petrochemical Vocational and Technical College?
Brief introduction of college
Approved by Liaoning Province in 2002, Liaoning Provincial Department of Education cooperated with China Petroleum Jinzhou Petrochemical Company to run a school. Is the only school-enterprise cooperation, work-study combination, relying on industry advantages to cultivate high-tech applied talents. Located in the beautiful coastal city of Jinzhou, with convenient transportation and developed culture. Adhering to the motto of "Strictness, Truth-seeking, Innovation and Harmony", the College adheres to people-oriented, moral education first, strict management, strengthening vocational ability training, improving students' comprehensive quality and building a harmonious campus. College is an advanced unit of ideological and political work in Liaoning Province. In 2006, it was rated as a safe and civilized campus by the Working Committee of Liaoning Provincial Party Committee and Liaoning Provincial Department of Education, and was rated as a civilized unit by Jinzhou Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government. In 2008, it was identified as the first demonstration school of higher vocational colleges in Liaoning Province.
At present, there are nearly 450 faculty members, more than 280 full-time teachers, more than 0/00 professors and associate professors (including senior engineers), more than 80 doctors and masters (including studying) and more than 4,500 students.
The college has 30 majors, including petrochemical department, applied chemistry department, mechanical technology department, automation department, computer department, applied foreign languages department, physical education department and college south campus. The specialty of petrochemical production technology is a national experimental specialty of professional teaching reform, and the specialty of petrochemical production technology, industrial analysis and inspection, and production process automation technology is a provincial demonstration specialty. Computer applications and software's technical specialty has been identified as a talent training project in short supply by the Ministry of Education and other six ministries and commissions. Polymer Production Technology was rated as a national excellent course, while Programmable Controller and Refrigeration Principle and Equipment were rated as provincial excellent courses. In the past four years, teachers of our college have edited more than 20 textbooks 120 and published more than 260 papers at or above the provincial level.
The college has a practical teaching system consisting of virtual professional environment and real professional environment training, taking the production workshops of China Petroleum Jinzhou Petrochemical Company and other enterprises as the real professional environment. The College invested 7.5 million yuan to build a training base in the West District. Strive for the central and provincial financial funds of nearly 9 million yuan, and build a CNC machining base, an electrical and electronic automation training base, and five vocational skill appraisal stations (institutes). It is a training base for high-skilled talents in Jinzhou and a GSP employment training base in Jinzhou.
Over the years, the college has adhered to the orientation of service and employment and implemented the "double certificate" system, which has delivered a large number of highly skilled talents to the society. The college provides several times the number of graduates every year, ensuring that every student has the freedom and space to choose a job. It was rated as an innovative unit for the employment of college graduates in the whole province, and was listed as a key construction unit of high-skilled personnel training base by China Petroleum and Natural Gas Group Corporation.
The college grants scholarships established by the state, * * and schools to students with excellent academic performance every year; Students with difficulties will receive grants from the state, * * and schools.
Facing the situation of accelerated development of higher vocational education, the college has established the goal of building a provincial model higher vocational college. College will take advantage of the situation, fully implement the Scientific Outlook on Development, meet the challenges, and strive to become a model for the development, reform and management of higher vocational education!
Professional introduction
Department of petrochemical engineering
Petrochemical production technology
Training base This major trains high-quality skilled professionals who are oriented to the front line of petrochemical production, understand technology and management. It mainly offers courses such as chemical theory, petroleum refining technology, organic chemical technology, polymer production technology, tube furnace, oil analysis and so on. And carry out basic operation skills training, organic chemical product synthesis and inspection and other comprehensive training and practical production post training.
Fine chemical production technology
This major trains high-tech applied professionals who are oriented to the front line of fine chemical production, understand technology and management. It mainly offers courses such as fine chemical production technology, fine chemical separation technology, fine chemical reaction technology and fine synthetic reaction technology. And carry out basic operation skills training, comprehensive training of fine chemicals production technology and actual production post training.
Applied chemical production
This major trains high-quality skilled professionals who face the front line of chemical production and understand fine technical management. It mainly offers courses such as chemical theory basis, organic chemical production technology, inorganic chemical production technology, coal chemical production technology, fine chemical production technology and chemical safety technology. And carry out basic operation skills training, comprehensive chemistry training and practical production post training.
Refining technology
This major trains high-tech applied talents with strong practical ability for the production line. It mainly offers courses such as petroleum processing technology, product analysis, organic chemical technology, chemical theory basis, heating furnace, etc. And carry out basic operation skills training and actual production post training.
Organic chemical production technology
This major trains high-tech applied professionals with strong practical ability for the first line of organic chemical production. It mainly offers courses such as chemical theory foundation and application, organic chemical production technology, use and maintenance of chemical equipment, chemical drawing and application, practical instrument technology, petroleum product analysis, and synthesis of fine chemical products. And carry out basic operation skills training and actual production post training.
Oil and gas storage and transportation technology
This major trains high-tech applied professionals with strong operational skills who are engaged in practical operation and management in petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas storage and transportation industries. It mainly offers courses such as engineering mechanics, pumps and compressors, mechanical design basis, oil depot design, oil and gas pipeline design, oil and gas storage and transportation, urban gas transmission and distribution, pipeline construction technology, machinery manufacturing and CAD and computer application. And carry out basic operation skills training and actual production post training.
Department of Applied Chemistry
Industrial analysis and inspection
This major trains high-tech applied professionals who are engaged in analysis, inspection and management for industrial enterprises. The main courses are analytical chemistry, organic analysis, industrial analysis, instrumental analysis, oil analysis, pharmaceutical analysis, food analysis, laboratory organization and management. And carry out basic skills training and comprehensive training of industrial analysis and inspection.
Environmental monitoring and control technology
This major trains high-tech applied professionals who are proficient in environmental protection and environmental monitoring and understand management. It mainly offers courses such as analytical chemistry, environmental engineering, instrumental analysis, three wastes treatment, environmental monitoring and analysis, and environmental quality evaluation. And carry out basic skills training and comprehensive training of environmental monitoring and governance technology.
Department of mechanical technology
Maintenance technology of chemical equipment (machine direction)
This major trains high-tech applied talents who master the operation and maintenance technology of chemical machinery and have the ability of management and maintenance. Mainly set up mechanical drawing, mechanical design foundation, computer-aided design, electrical and electronic technology, chemical equipment, chemical machinery, chemical machinery maintenance technology and other courses. And carry out skills training and comprehensive training of chemical equipment maintenance technology.
Digital control technology
This major trains higher vocational and technical application-oriented talents who master CNC machining technology and have the ability of CNC programming and CNC machine tool operation, maintenance and production management. It mainly offers courses such as mechanical drawing, mechanical design foundation, computer aided design (CAD), electrical and electronic technology, mechanical manufacturing foundation, numerical control processing technology, computer aided manufacturing technology (CAM), etc. And carry out skills training and comprehensive training of numerical control technology.
Refrigeration and cold storage technology
This major trains high-tech application-oriented professionals who master refrigeration and air-conditioning technology and the working principle, structure and performance of common refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment and systems, and have the technical management ability of refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment and systems. The main courses include computer application foundation, mechanical engineering foundation, electrician and electronic technology, refrigeration technology, air conditioning technology, refrigeration and air conditioning detection and automatic control, refrigeration and air conditioning equipment maintenance and other courses.
Maintenance technology of chemical equipment (equipment direction)
This major trains high-tech applied talents who master the professional knowledge of installation, maintenance and management of chemical equipment and meet the needs of first-line production in petrochemical industry. Mainly set up mechanical drawing, engineering mechanics, metal technology, chemical machinery, chemical equipment, chemical machinery manufacturing technology, chemical equipment installation and maintenance and other courses. And carry out skills training and comprehensive training of chemical equipment maintenance technology.
department of automation
Production process automation technology
This major trains high-tech application-oriented professionals who master the basic knowledge and skills of process automation and are engaged in the maintenance, overhaul, installation and debugging of automation systems and main instruments in industrial production, as well as the configuration and programming of computer control systems such as distributed control systems and programmable controllers. It mainly offers electrician and electronic technology, computer application foundation, programming language, engineering drawing and CAD, chemical technology, conventional instrument technology, production process control technology, principle and application of single chip microcomputer, programmable controller, computer control, electronic CAD, automatic control engineering technology, maintenance electrician technology and various training courses.
Electrical automation technology specialty
This major trains high-tech applied talents who master the basic theory, knowledge and skills of electrical automation technology and engage in the installation, design, debugging, maintenance and technical management of industrial electrical control equipment and systems. Mainly set up electrician foundation, electronic technology, motor driving foundation, power electronics technology, factory power supply technology, factory electrical control technology, automatic control system, single chip microcomputer and interface technology, PLC technology application, detection technology, inverter application technology, etc. , and various training courses.
Electromechanical integration technology
This major trains high-tech application-oriented professionals who master the operation and maintenance technology of electromechanical equipment and engage in the use and technical management of electromechanical integration equipment. It mainly offers electrician and electronic technology, machinery manufacturing technology, hydraulic and pneumatic technology, electromechanical equipment control technology, single chip microcomputer application technology, programmable controller application technology, testing technology, CNC machine tool fault diagnosis and maintenance, CAD training, machine tool electrical control training, single chip microcomputer training, programmable controller training, fitter training, electrician and electronic training, graduation practice (design) and so on. , as well as the main characteristic courses and practical links of each school.
Power supply technology
This major trains high-tech applied professionals in the installation, operation, maintenance, monitoring and management of power systems in power industry and industrial and mining enterprises. It mainly offers courses such as circuit theory, electronic technology foundation, motor and drive, electrical control technology, automatic control principle, power electronics technology, factory power supply, electricity management and supervision, electric energy measurement and electric measuring instrument, detection technology, and various training courses.
Computer Control Technology
This major trains high-tech applied talents who need to master computer control technology, automation instruments and other positions. It mainly offers courses such as electrician foundation, instrument principle and application, applied electronic technology, single chip microcomputer principle and application, automatic control principle, programmable controller and application, computer measurement and control application technology, automatic control components and intelligent instruments, industrial control network and configuration technology, and distributed control system.
computer department
software technology
This major trains high-tech applied talents who have the basic theories and methods of programming, the basic ideas of software engineering and the knowledge and skills of small and medium-sized computer system application development, and are engaged in computer software application development in the front line. It mainly offers courses such as database technology, programming foundation, C++ programming, introduction to software engineering, network technology, JAVA, software project organization and management, and the corresponding practical courses, training and software testing foundation.
Applied foreign languages department
Business English
This major trains applied talents who can skillfully use English and business knowledge, have a good ability to operate modern office equipment, can independently complete foreign trade business in foreign trade departments, enterprises and institutions, engage in business activities, and be competent in translation, secretarial work and management. It mainly offers basic English, business English, English listening and speaking skills, international business correspondence, international trade practice, international financial practice, customs declaration practice, practical translation, e-commerce, computer application foundation and other courses.
Business Japanese
This major trains applied talents who can skillfully use Japanese and business professional knowledge, have a good ability to operate modern office equipment, can independently complete foreign trade business in foreign trade departments, enterprises and institutions, engage in business activities, and be competent in translation and secretarial work. It mainly offers courses such as basic Japanese, business Japanese, Japanese audio-visual speaking, international business correspondence, international trade practice, international financial practice, e-commerce, practical translation, and computer application foundation.
Secretary (English intensive)
This major trains applied talents who are familiar with China's business principles, policies and regulations, have the qualities and skills of a modern secretary, are familiar with office business, can skillfully operate various modern office machines and tools, are familiar with the business knowledge and skills of modern enterprises, and have basic office English conversation skills. The main courses are secretarial science, secretarial writing, office automation, secretarial etiquette, document file management, economic law, accounting principles and so on.